Teaching Doctors in Training to Reason With Artificial Intelligence (TEACH-AI)
Teaching Internal Medicine and Family Medicine Residents to Reason With Generative AI: A Multi-Site Randomized Controlled Trial (TEACH-AI)
The purpose of the TEACH-AI study is to assess whether a brief, structured workshop on artificial intelligence can improve the performance of medicine doctors in training (i.e. residents) in their diagnostic and management reasoning.
In this multi-site randomized controlled trial, internal medicine and family medicine residents are assigned either to receive an in-person workshop on safe, effective LLM use before a standardized AI-assisted assessment, or to complete the same assessment before receiving the workshop. Residents will review clinical cases that are fully synthetic, no protected health information is used, using a password protected LLM interface.
Descripción general del estudio
Estado
Condiciones
Intervención / Tratamiento
Descripción detallada
Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly entered routine use in medical education and clinical practice. Prior randomized trials have shown that, although LLMs can outperform individual clinicians on some reasoning benchmarks, providing physicians with access to an LLM does not necessarily improve their diagnostic or management performance, and LLMs alone may perform better than physician-plus-LLM teams. These findings suggest that human-AI collaboration is fraught, non-trivial and may require explicit training.
TEACH-AI is a pragmatic, multi-site, two-arm randomized controlled trial embedded within protected residency didactic time. The primary objective is to determine whether a single in-person workshop on the basics of LLMs and best practices of prompting/verification strategies improves residents' performance on an AI-assisted assessment, compared with residents who complete the simulation before receiving the workshop. All participants will ultimately receive the same workshop and the same assessment (either workshop-first vs assessment-first).
The simulation consists of multiple fully synthetic vignettes delivered via a password protected LLM interface. Residents interact freely with the LLM using natural-language prompts and then submit structured final responses regarding aspects such as leading diagnosis, differential, management plan, and/or justification. The platform will record prompts, model outputs, final answers, and timing. Vignette scoring combines correctness of the final diagnosis or management plan. Scoring is conducted by blinded faculty using standardized rubrics and then any discrepancies will be resolved through multiple rounds of discussions.
The trial will enroll up to 200 residents across four ACGME-accredited programs (internal medicine at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Stanford University, and Cambridge Health Alliance; family medicine at AdventHealth Orlando).
Tipo de estudio
Inscripción (Estimado)
Fase
- No aplica
Contactos y Ubicaciones
Estudio Contacto
- Nombre: Jacob M Koshy, MD, MPH
- Número de teléfono: 617-754-4677
- Correo electrónico: jkoshy@bidmc.harvard.edu
Ubicaciones de estudio
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California
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Palo Alto, California, Estados Unidos, 94305
- Stanford University
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Contacto:
- Kevin Keet, MD
- Número de teléfono: 650-498-4559
- Correo electrónico: kkeet@stanford.edu
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Investigador principal:
- Kevin R Keet, MD
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Florida
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Orlando, Florida, Estados Unidos, 32804
- AdventHealth
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Contacto:
- Raj Mehta, MD
- Número de teléfono: 407-845-8383
- Correo electrónico: raj.mehta.md@adventhealth.com
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Investigador principal:
- Raj Mehta, MD
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Massachusetts
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Boston, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos, 02215
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
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Contacto:
- Jacob M Koshy, MD, MPH
- Número de teléfono: 617-754-4677
- Correo electrónico: jkoshy@bidmc.harvard.edu
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Investigador principal:
- Jacob M Koshy, MD, MPH
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Cambridge, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos, 02139
- Cambridge Health Alliance
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Contacto:
- Priyank Jain, MD
- Número de teléfono: 617-665-1000
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Investigador principal:
- Priyank Jain, MD
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Criterios de participación
Criterio de elegibilidad
Edades elegibles para estudiar
- Niño
- Adulto
- Adulto Mayor
Acepta Voluntarios Saludables
Descripción
Inclusion Criteria:
- Participants must be licensed physicians and have started at least post-graduate year 1 (PGY1) of medical training.
- Training in Internal medicine or family medicine or emergency medicine.
- Able to provide informed consent and complete assessments in English.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Not currently practicing clinically.
- Resident directly involved in the design of the study, development of the workshop, or creation/piloting of the assessment vignettes.
- Resident who declines or withdraws consent.
Plan de estudios
¿Cómo está diseñado el estudio?
Detalles de diseño
- Propósito principal: Diagnóstico
- Asignación: Aleatorizado
- Modelo Intervencionista: Asignación paralela
- Enmascaramiento: Único
Armas e Intervenciones
Grupo de participantes/brazo |
Intervención / Tratamiento |
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Sin intervención: Assessment-First
Participants assigned to this group will be tasked with completing the assessment using a password protected LLM interface first in advance of the workshop.
The workshop will be delivered during a scheduled mandatory didactic time slot.
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Experimental: Workshop-first
Participants assigned to this group will be tasked with completing the assessment using a password protected LLM interface after they participate in a scheduled mandatory didactic time slot.
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Participants will attend a workshop during their didactic time that will review various aspects of large language models including fundamentals and best practices of interacting and interpreting their outputs.
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¿Qué mide el estudio?
Medidas de resultado primarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
|---|---|---|
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Total Score on Expert-Development Rubrics
Periodo de tiempo: Within 24 hours of assessment completion.
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The primary outcome will be the number of correct responses for all cases using select questions from expert-developed scoring rubrics.
The rubrics were developed using a Delphi consensus process by expert physicians as established by Goh et al (Nature Medicine, 2025; DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-03456-y). The primary outcome will be analyzed at the case level, comparing performance between the randomized study groups, with a higher number of correct responses indicating a better outcome.
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Within 24 hours of assessment completion.
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Medidas de resultado secundarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
|---|---|---|
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Time Spent on Management
Periodo de tiempo: Within 24 hours of assessment completion.
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Comparison of time spent per case between the two study groups.
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Within 24 hours of assessment completion.
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Prompt Count
Periodo de tiempo: Within 24 hours of assessment completion.
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Comparison of the number of resident-initiated prompts to the LLM per case between the two study groups.
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Within 24 hours of assessment completion.
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Management Reasoning Using Expert-Derived Rubrics
Periodo de tiempo: Within 24 hours of assessment completion.
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Comparison of management reasoning accuracy based on the number of correct responses per case between the two groups on expert-developed scoring rubrics.
The rubrics were developed using a Delphi consensus process by expert physicians as established by Goh et al (Nature Medicine, 2025; DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-03456-y). The primary outcome will be analyzed at the case level, comparing performance between the randomized study groups with more correct responses indicating a better outcome.
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Within 24 hours of assessment completion.
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Diagnostic Reasoning
Periodo de tiempo: Within 24 hours of assessment completion.
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Comparison of diagnostic reasoning accuracy based on the number of correct responses per case between the two groups.
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Within 24 hours of assessment completion.
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Colaboradores e Investigadores
Patrocinador
Fechas de registro del estudio
Fechas importantes del estudio
Inicio del estudio (Estimado)
Finalización primaria (Estimado)
Finalización del estudio (Estimado)
Fechas de registro del estudio
Enviado por primera vez
Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Publicado por primera vez (Actual)
Actualizaciones de registros de estudio
Última actualización publicada (Actual)
Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Última verificación
Más información
Términos relacionados con este estudio
Palabras clave
Otros números de identificación del estudio
- 2026P000369
- 63901784-350738 (Otro número de subvención/financiamiento: Macy Foundation)
Plan de datos de participantes individuales (IPD)
¿Planea compartir datos de participantes individuales (IPD)?
Información sobre medicamentos y dispositivos, documentos del estudio
Estudia un producto farmacéutico regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.
Estudia un producto de dispositivo regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.
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