Artificial Intelligence-Integrated BOPPPS Case-Based Learning for Nephrology Clerkship Education
Artificial Intelligence-Integrated BOPPPS Case-Based Learning for Nephrology Clerkship Education: A Three-Arm Cluster Randomized Controlled Educational Trial
This prospective, three-arm, parallel-group, cluster randomized controlled educational trial was conducted among third-year undergraduate medical students undertaking nephrology clerkship at The Second Hospital of Shandong University. The study aimed to compare the effects of lecture-based learning, BOPPPS combined with case-based learning, and artificial intelligence-integrated BOPPPS combined with case-based learning on students' theoretical knowledge, clinical reasoning, clinical case analysis, and critical appraisal of AI-generated clinical recommendations.
Existing clinical clerkship teaching groups, rather than individual students, were randomized to one of three educational interventions: lecture-based learning (LBL), BOPPPS combined with case-based learning (BOPPPS-CBL), or artificial intelligence-integrated BOPPPS combined with case-based learning (AI-BOPPPS-CBL). Twelve teaching groups were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio, with four teaching groups assigned to each arm.
All groups received standardized instruction on acute kidney injury and chronic renal failure delivered by the same teaching team.
The BOPPPS-CBL intervention incorporated structured learning activities including case discussion, progressive case disclosure, clinical reasoning exercises, and feedback.
The AI-integrated group additionally used AI-generated clinical scenarios and diagnostic and treatment recommendations as materials for critical appraisal. Students identified potential errors or limitations in AI-generated content and proposed revisions based on textbooks, clinical guidelines, and evidence-based resources.
The primary outcome was the clinical case analysis score. Secondary outcomes included theoretical test scores, knowledge gain, clinical reasoning score, AI critical appraisal score, and course feedback.
Descripción general del estudio
Estado
Condiciones
Descripción detallada
This prospective, three-arm, parallel-group, cluster randomized controlled educational trial was conducted among third-year undergraduate medical students undertaking nephrology clerkship at The Second Hospital of Shandong University.
Existing clinical clerkship teaching groups served as the units of randomization. Twelve teaching groups were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to lecture-based learning (LBL), BOPPPS combined with case-based learning (BOPPPS-CBL), or artificial intelligence-integrated BOPPPS combined with case-based learning (AI-BOPPPS-CBL), with four teaching groups assigned to each arm.
All groups received standardized instruction on acute kidney injury and chronic renal failure delivered by the same teaching team. The BOPPPS-CBL intervention incorporated structured learning activities including case discussion, progressive case disclosure, clinical reasoning exercises, and feedback. The AI-integrated group additionally used AI-generated clinical scenarios and diagnostic and treatment recommendations as materials for critical appraisal. Students identified potential errors or limitations in AI-generated content and proposed revisions based on textbooks, clinical guidelines, and evidence-based resources.
The primary outcome was the clinical case analysis score. Secondary outcomes included theoretical test scores, knowledge gain, clinical reasoning score, AI critical appraisal score, and course feedback.
Tipo de estudio
Inscripción (Actual)
Fase
- No aplica
Contactos y Ubicaciones
Ubicaciones de estudio
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Shandong
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Jinan, Shandong, Porcelana, 250000
- The Second Hospital of Shandong University
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Criterios de participación
Criterio de elegibilidad
Edades elegibles para estudiar
- Adulto
- Adulto Mayor
Acepta Voluntarios Saludables
Descripción
Inclusion Criteria:
- Third-year undergraduate medical students in the clinical medicine program of Shandong University undertaking the nephrology clerkship at The Second Hospital of Shandong University.
- Completion of the required theoretical courses in pathophysiology and internal medicine before study participation.
- Provision of written informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Previous nephrology clinical clerkship or internship experience, or previous participation in additional nephrology-focused training beyond the standard pre-clerkship curriculum.
Plan de estudios
¿Cómo está diseñado el estudio?
Detalles de diseño
- Propósito principal: Otro
- Asignación: Aleatorizado
- Modelo Intervencionista: Asignación paralela
- Enmascaramiento: Único
Armas e Intervenciones
Grupo de participantes/brazo |
Intervención / Tratamiento |
|---|---|
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Comparador activo: Lecture-Based Learning
Students received traditional lecture-based learning during nephrology clerkship education.
Standardized instruction on acute kidney injury and chronic renal failure was provided by the teaching team.
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Students received traditional lecture-based learning during nephrology clerkship education.
Standardized teaching on acute kidney injury and chronic renal failure was delivered by the teaching team using conventional instructional methods.
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Experimental: BOPPPS Combined With Case-Based Learning
Students received a BOPPPS structured teaching model combined with case-based learning activities.
The intervention included progressive clinical case discussion, clinical reasoning exercises, and feedback during nephrology clerkship education.
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Students received a structured BOPPPS teaching model combined with case-based learning activities during nephrology clerkship education.
The intervention included case discussion, progressive case disclosure, clinical reasoning exercises, and feedback from instructors.
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Experimental: AI-Integrated BOPPPS Combined With Case-Based Learning
Students received an artificial intelligence-integrated BOPPPS case-based learning model.
AI-generated clinical scenarios and diagnostic and treatment recommendations were used as learning materials for critical appraisal.
Students evaluated AI-generated content and revised potential errors based on clinical guidelines and evidence-based resources.
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Students received an artificial intelligence-integrated BOPPPS case-based learning model.
AI-generated clinical scenarios and diagnostic and treatment recommendations were used as learning materials for critical appraisal.
Students evaluated AI-generated content and identified potential errors or limitations based on clinical guidelines and evidence-based resources.
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¿Qué mide el estudio?
Medidas de resultado primarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
|---|---|---|
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Study-Specific Clinical Case Analysis Assessment Total Score
Periodo de tiempo: Immediately after completion of the educational intervention
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Clinical case analysis performance was assessed using a study-specific three-case written assessment developed by the nephrology teaching team.
The assessment evaluated students' ability to apply nephrology knowledge to clinical case analysis, diagnostic reasoning, treatment planning, and critical appraisal of AI-generated clinical recommendations.
Total scores ranged from 0 to 70 points, with higher scores indicating better overall clinical case analysis performance.
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Immediately after completion of the educational intervention
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Medidas de resultado secundarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
|---|---|---|
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Study-Specific Post-Class Theoretical Knowledge Test Score
Periodo de tiempo: Immediately after completion of the educational intervention
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Theoretical knowledge was assessed using a study-specific post-class test covering acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease.
The test consisted of 15 single-choice questions, with each correct answer worth 2 points.
Total scores ranged from 0 to 30 points, with higher scores indicating better theoretical knowledge performance.
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Immediately after completion of the educational intervention
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Study-Specific Clinical Case Analysis Assessment: Clinical Reasoning Component Score
Periodo de tiempo: Immediately after completion of the educational intervention
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Clinical reasoning was assessed using Cases 1 and 2 of the study-specific Clinical Case Analysis Assessment.
The cases addressed acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease and evaluated students' ability to identify clinical problems, interpret clinical and laboratory information, formulate diagnoses, assess complications, and develop appropriate management plans.
Scores ranged from 0 to 48 points, with higher scores indicating better clinical reasoning performance.
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Immediately after completion of the educational intervention
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Study-Specific Clinical Case Analysis Assessment: AI Critical Appraisal Component Score
Periodo de tiempo: Immediately after completion of the educational intervention
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AI critical appraisal ability was assessed using Case 3 of the study-specific Clinical Case Analysis Assessment.
Students evaluated an AI-generated treatment plan for a patient with acute kidney injury and severe hyperkalemia, identified clinically inappropriate or unsafe recommendations, explained the reasons, prioritized immediate management, and proposed an appropriate treatment plan.
Scores ranged from 0 to 22 points, with higher scores indicating better ability to critically appraise AI-generated clinical recommendations.
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Immediately after completion of the educational intervention
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Knowledge Gain in Theoretical Knowledge Test Score
Periodo de tiempo: Change from immediately before the educational intervention to immediately after completion of the educational intervention
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Knowledge gain was calculated as the post-class theoretical knowledge test score minus the pre-class theoretical knowledge test score.
Both tests consisted of 15 single-choice questions and had possible total scores ranging from 0 to 30 points.
Therefore, knowledge gain scores could range from -30 to +30 points.
Higher values indicate greater improvement in theoretical knowledge, a score of 0 indicates no change, and negative values indicate a lower post-class than pre-class score.
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Change from immediately before the educational intervention to immediately after completion of the educational intervention
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Study-Specific Course Feedback Questionnaire Total Score
Periodo de tiempo: Immediately after completion of the educational intervention
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Course feedback was assessed using a study-specific 8-item questionnaire developed by the research team.
Items assessed perceived learning gains and teaching satisfaction.
Each item was rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree).
Total scores ranged from 8 to 40 points, with higher scores indicating more favorable perceptions of the educational experience.
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Immediately after completion of the educational intervention
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Colaboradores e Investigadores
Patrocinador
Investigadores
- Investigador principal: Fulin Dou, The Second Hospital of Shandong University
Fechas de registro del estudio
Fechas importantes del estudio
Inicio del estudio (Actual)
Finalización primaria (Actual)
Finalización del estudio (Actual)
Fechas de registro del estudio
Enviado por primera vez
Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Publicado por primera vez (Actual)
Actualizaciones de registros de estudio
Última actualización publicada (Actual)
Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Última verificación
Más información
Términos relacionados con este estudio
Palabras clave
Otros números de identificación del estudio
- AI-BOPPPS-Nephro-2025
- MR-37-26-055587 (Identificador de registro: National Medical Research Registration and Filing System)
Plan de datos de participantes individuales (IPD)
¿Planea compartir datos de participantes individuales (IPD)?
Descripción del plan IPD
Información sobre medicamentos y dispositivos, documentos del estudio
Estudia un producto farmacéutico regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.
Estudia un producto de dispositivo regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.
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