Effects of Physical and Cognitive Fatigue on Reaction Time and Depth Perception in Adolescents
Differential Effects of Physical, Cognitive, and Combined Fatigue on Reaction Time and Depth Perception in Adolescents
This study investigates how physical fatigue, cognitive fatigue, and a combination of both affect reaction time and depth perception in adolescents.
Sixty healthy adolescents will participate in four experimental conditions: a control condition, a physical fatigue condition, a cognitive fatigue condition, and a combined fatigue condition. Physical fatigue will be induced using a modified shuttle run protocol, while cognitive fatigue will be induced using computerized Stroop and mental arithmetic tasks.
Reaction time will be assessed using the BlazePod system, and depth perception will be evaluated using the Titmus Fly Stereotest before and after each condition. Heart rate, perceived exertion, and mental fatigue will also be measured to verify the effectiveness of the fatigue protocols.
The findings may improve understanding of how different types of fatigue influence perceptual and motor performance in adolescents and may contribute to the development of safer and more effective training and sport participation strategies.
Descripción general del estudio
Estado
Condiciones
Descripción detallada
Fatigue is a multifactorial phenomenon that can impair cognitive, perceptual, and motor performance. While the independent effects of physical fatigue and cognitive fatigue have been widely investigated, limited evidence exists regarding their comparative and combined effects on reaction time and depth perception during adolescence. Because perceptual and motor functions play a critical role in sports performance, injury prevention, and daily activities, understanding the effects of different fatigue states in adolescents is of practical and scientific importance.
The purpose of this study is to examine the differential effects of physical fatigue, cognitive fatigue, and combined fatigue on reaction time and depth perception in healthy adolescents. A within-subject crossover design will be employed, in which each participant completes four experimental conditions: control, physical fatigue, cognitive fatigue, and combined fatigue. Physical fatigue will be induced using a modified 20-meter shuttle run protocol. Cognitive fatigue will be induced through computerized Stroop and mental arithmetic tasks designed to impose sustained demands on attention, inhibitory control, working memory, and information processing. The combined fatigue condition will include both physical and cognitive fatigue protocols within the same session.
Reaction time will be measured using the BlazePod wireless light-based system, and depth perception will be assessed using the Titmus Fly Stereotest. Measurements will be obtained immediately before and after each experimental condition. Heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, and mental fatigue scores will be collected as manipulation checks to confirm the effectiveness of the fatigue protocols.
The results of this study are expected to improve understanding of the mechanisms through which different types of fatigue influence perceptual and motor performance in adolescents and may provide practical implications for youth sports training, performance monitoring, and injury prevention strategies.
Tipo de estudio
Inscripción (Actual)
Fase
- No aplica
Contactos y Ubicaciones
Ubicaciones de estudio
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Konya, Turquía (Türkiye)
- Konya
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Criterios de participación
Criterio de elegibilidad
Edades elegibles para estudiar
Acepta Voluntarios Saludables
Géneros elegibles para el estudio
Descripción
Inclusion Criteria:
- Adolescents aged 14 to 18 years.
- Male or female participants.
- Normal or corrected-to-normal vision.
- Ability to understand and follow study procedures.
- Written informed consent from both the participant and a parent/legal guardian.
Exclusion Criteria:
- History of neurological disorders.
- Visual disorders affecting depth perception.
- Orthopedic injuries or musculoskeletal conditions limiting physical activity.
- Any medical condition that would contraindicate participation in physical exercise.
- Failure to complete all experimental sessions.
Plan de estudios
¿Cómo está diseñado el estudio?
Detalles de diseño
- Propósito principal: Ciencia básica
- Asignación: Aleatorizado
- Modelo Intervencionista: Asignación cruzada
- Enmascaramiento: Ninguno (etiqueta abierta)
Armas e Intervenciones
Grupo de participantes/brazo |
Intervención / Tratamiento |
|---|---|
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Experimental: Control Condition
Participants completed the testing procedures without exposure to any physical or cognitive fatigue protocol. Reaction time and depth perception were assessed before and after the control condition. |
Participants completed the testing procedures without exposure to any physical or cognitive fatigue protocol. |
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Experimental: Physical Fatigue Condition
Participants completed a 16-minute modified 20-meter shuttle run protocol designed to induce physical fatigue. Reaction time and depth perception were assessed before and after the protocol. |
A 16-minute modified 20-meter shuttle run protocol designed to induce physical fatigue through progressively increasing running intensity. |
|
Experimental: Cognitive Fatigue Condition
Participants completed a 16-minute cognitive fatigue protocol consisting of an 8-minute Stroop task and an 8-minute mental arithmetic task. Reaction time and depth perception were assessed before and after the protocol. |
A 16-minute computerized protocol consisting of Stroop and mental arithmetic tasks designed to induce cognitive fatigue. |
|
Experimental: Combined Fatigue Condition
Participants completed a combined fatigue protocol consisting of 8 minutes of a modified shuttle run followed by 4 minutes of a Stroop task and 4 minutes of a mental arithmetic task. Reaction time and depth perception were assessed before and after the protocol. |
A protocol combining physical and cognitive fatigue tasks, including a modified shuttle run, Stroop task, and mental arithmetic task. |
¿Qué mide el estudio?
Medidas de resultado primarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
|---|---|---|
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Reaction Time
Periodo de tiempo: Immediately before and immediately after each experimental condition.
|
Reaction time will be assessed using the BlazePod wireless light-based system. Reaction time will be recorded in milliseconds as the latency between stimulus presentation and participant response. Two trials will be performed, and the best performance will be used for analysis. |
Immediately before and immediately after each experimental condition.
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Depth Perception
Periodo de tiempo: Immediately before and immediately after each experimental condition.
|
Depth perception will be assessed using the Titmus Fly Stereotest. Stereopsis will be expressed in arc seconds, with lower values indicating better depth perception performance. Two trials will be conducted at each measurement point, and the lowest value will be used for analysis. |
Immediately before and immediately after each experimental condition.
|
Medidas de resultado secundarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
|---|---|---|
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Heart Rate
Periodo de tiempo: Immediately before and immediately after each experimental condition.
|
Heart rate will be measured before and after each experimental condition using photoplethysmography (PPG)-based smartwatches to verify the effectiveness of fatigue induction. |
Immediately before and immediately after each experimental condition.
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Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE)
Periodo de tiempo: Perceived exertion will be assessed using the Borg CR-20 Scale before and after each experimental condition to evaluate subjective fatigue levels.
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Perceived exertion will be assessed using the Borg CR-20 Scale before and after each experimental condition to evaluate subjective fatigue levels. |
Perceived exertion will be assessed using the Borg CR-20 Scale before and after each experimental condition to evaluate subjective fatigue levels.
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Mental Fatigue Scale Score
Periodo de tiempo: Immediately before and immediately after each experimental condition.
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Mental fatigue will be assessed using the Mental Fatigue Scale (MFS), a 15-item self-report questionnaire measuring cognitive, emotional, and sensory aspects of fatigue. |
Immediately before and immediately after each experimental condition.
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Colaboradores e Investigadores
Patrocinador
Investigadores
- Investigador principal: Ahmet Kaan ASLAN, PhD, Gazi University
Fechas de registro del estudio
Fechas importantes del estudio
Inicio del estudio (Actual)
Finalización primaria (Actual)
Finalización del estudio (Actual)
Fechas de registro del estudio
Enviado por primera vez
Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Publicado por primera vez (Actual)
Actualizaciones de registros de estudio
Última actualización publicada (Actual)
Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Última verificación
Más información
Términos relacionados con este estudio
Palabras clave
Términos MeSH relevantes adicionales
Otros números de identificación del estudio
- Kaaslan-1
Plan de datos de participantes individuales (IPD)
¿Planea compartir datos de participantes individuales (IPD)?
Descripción del plan IPD
Individual participant data will not be made publicly available. Data contain information collected from adolescent participants, and sharing is restricted to protect participant confidentiality and privacy.
Información sobre medicamentos y dispositivos, documentos del estudio
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