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Evaluation of Gingival Crevicular Fluid Cytokine Profiles in Children and Young Adults With Gingivitis

8 juin 2026 mis à jour par: Nigde Omer Halisdemir University

Comparison of Gingival Crevicular Fluid Biomarkers Between Childhood Gingivitis and Adolescent Gingivitis

This prospective observational case-control study aims to compare gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) biomarker profiles between children and young adults diagnosed with gingivitis. A total of approximately 80 systemically healthy participants will be recruited and divided into two groups: children aged 8-12 years and young adults aged 15-24 years. Individuals aged 13-14 years will be excluded as they represent a transitional pubertal period characterized by significant hormonal fluctuations that may influence inflammatory responses and confound biomarker levels.

Clinical periodontal parameters including gingival index, plaque index, bleeding on probing, and probing depth will be recorded. In addition, GCF samples will be collected from a standardized tooth and analyzed for levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-10, and MMP-8 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

The primary objective of the study is to evaluate and compare inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine profiles between the two age groups. The findings may contribute to understanding age-related differences in gingival inflammatory responses and the potential role of hormonal transition in periodontal disease expression during childhood and early adulthood.

Aperçu de l'étude

Statut

Recrutement

Les conditions

Intervention / Traitement

Description détaillée

Gingivitis is the most common reversible periodontal disease in children and young adults and is characterized by gingival inflammation without periodontal attachment loss. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) contains inflammatory mediators and biomarkers that reflect periodontal tissue response and disease activity.

This prospective observational case-control study aims to compare GCF biomarker profiles between children and young adults diagnosed with gingivitis. Approximately 80 systemically healthy participants will be recruited and divided into two groups: children aged 8-12 years and young adults aged 15-24 years. Individuals aged 13-14 years will be excluded due to pubertal hormonal variability that may affect inflammatory biomarker levels.

Clinical periodontal parameters including Gingival Index, Plaque Index, Bleeding on Probing, and Probing Depth will be recorded. GCF samples will be collected from tooth #31 using standardized paper strips and analyzed for IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-10, and MMP-8 levels using ELISA.

The findings may contribute to understanding age-related differences in gingival inflammatory responses and biomarker expression in gingivitis.

Type d'étude

Observationnel

Inscription (Estimé)

80

Contacts et emplacements

Cette section fournit les coordonnées de ceux qui mènent l'étude et des informations sur le lieu où cette étude est menée.

Coordonnées de l'étude

Sauvegarde des contacts de l'étude

Lieux d'étude

  • Turquie (Türkiye)
      • Niğde, Turquie (Türkiye), 51240
        • Recrutement
        • Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University Faculty of Dentistry
        • Contact:

Critères de participation

Les chercheurs recherchent des personnes qui correspondent à une certaine description, appelée critères d'éligibilité. Certains exemples de ces critères sont l'état de santé général d'une personne ou des traitements antérieurs.

Critère d'éligibilité

Âges éligibles pour étudier

  • Enfant
  • Adulte

Accepte les volontaires sains

Oui

Méthode d'échantillonnage

Échantillon non probabiliste

Population étudiée

Participants will be recruited from the Pedodontics and Periodontology Clinics of Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University Faculty of Dentistry. The study population will consist of systemically healthy children and young adults diagnosed with gingivitis. Participants will be divided into two age-based groups: children aged 8-12 years and young adults aged 15-24 years. Individuals aged 13-14 years will be excluded due to being in a transitional pubertal stage associated with significant hormonal variability that may influence gingival inflammatory responses and confound biomarker levels. All participants will undergo clinical periodontal examination and gingival crevicular fluid sampling for biomarker analysis.

La description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Individuals aged 8-12 years (child group) or 15-24 years (young adult group)
  2. Clinical diagnosis of gingivitis
  3. Presence of fully erupted tooth #31 with closed apex
  4. Systemically healthy individuals
  5. No history of periodontal treatment in the last 3 months
  6. No antibiotic or anti-inflammatory drug use in the last 3 months
  7. Good cooperation and willingness to participate
  8. Written informed consent from participants or legal guardians (for minors)

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Age 13-14 years (transitional pubertal period)
  2. Presence of periodontitis or other periodontal diseases
  3. Systemic, genetic, or immunological diseases
  4. Acute oral infections or conditions requiring emergency treatment
  5. Orthodontic appliances in the sampling region
  6. Smokers
  7. Pregnant or lactating individuals
  8. Individuals with cognitive, psychological, or physical disabilities affecting cooperation
  9. Inadequate eruption or incomplete root development of tooth #31
  10. Refusal to participate or withdrawal of consent

Plan d'étude

Cette section fournit des détails sur le plan d'étude, y compris la façon dont l'étude est conçue et ce que l'étude mesure.

Comment l'étude est-elle conçue ?

Détails de conception

Cohortes et interventions

Groupe / Cohorte
Intervention / Traitement
Childhood gingivitis group
Systemically healthy children aged 8-12 years diagnosed with gingivitis who will undergo clinical periodontal examination and gingival crevicular fluid biomarker analysis.
Test diagnostique: Gingival Crevicular Fluid Biomarker Assessment

Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples will be collected from a standardized tooth (#31) using sterile absorbent paper strips (Periopaper®). Samples will be obtained after isolation and drying of the sampling site to avoid saliva contamination. Each strip will be placed gently in the gingival sulcus until mild resistance is felt and maintained for 30 seconds.

Collected samples will be immediately stored at -80°C until laboratory analysis. Levels of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory biomarkers including IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-10, and MMP-8 will be quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits according to manufacturer instructions.

This procedure is non-invasive and performed for diagnostic and comparative biomarker analysis purposes only.
Young adult gingivitis group
Systemically healthy young adults aged 15-24 years diagnosed with gingivitis who will undergo clinical periodontal examination and gingival crevicular fluid biomarker analysis.
Test diagnostique: Gingival Crevicular Fluid Biomarker Assessment

Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples will be collected from a standardized tooth (#31) using sterile absorbent paper strips (Periopaper®). Samples will be obtained after isolation and drying of the sampling site to avoid saliva contamination. Each strip will be placed gently in the gingival sulcus until mild resistance is felt and maintained for 30 seconds.

Collected samples will be immediately stored at -80°C until laboratory analysis. Levels of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory biomarkers including IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-10, and MMP-8 will be quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits according to manufacturer instructions.

This procedure is non-invasive and performed for diagnostic and comparative biomarker analysis purposes only.

Que mesure l'étude ?

Principaux critères de jugement

Mesure des résultats
Délai
Gingival crevicular fluid TNF-α levels
Délai: Baseline
Baseline
Gingival crevicular fluid IL-1β levels
Délai: Baseline
Baseline
Gingival crevicular fluid IL-10 levels
Délai: Baseline
Baseline
Gingival crevicular fluid MMP-8 levels
Délai: Baseline
Baseline

Mesures de résultats secondaires

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
Gingival Index
Délai: Baseline

Gingival inflammation will be assessed using the Löe and Silness Gingival Index. Each surface will be scored between 0 and 3:

0 = normal gingiva

  1. = mild inflammation
  2. = moderate inflammation with bleeding on probing
  3. = severe inflammation with spontaneous bleeding Higher scores indicate worse gingival inflammation.
Baseline
Plaque Index
Délai: Baseline

Dental plaque accumulation will be evaluated using the Silness and Löe Plaque Index. Each surface will be scored between 0 and 3:

0 = no plaque

  1. = plaque detectable by probe
  2. = visible plaque accumulation
  3. = abundant plaque accumulation Higher scores indicate poorer oral hygiene and greater plaque accumulation.
Baseline
Bleeding on Probing Scores Assessed by Periodontal Probing
Délai: Baseline

Bleeding on probing will be evaluated using a periodontal probe after gentle probing of the gingival sulcus. Bleeding presence will be recorded dichotomously:

0 = absence of bleeding

1 = presence of bleeding Higher scores indicate greater gingival inflammation.
Baseline
Periodontal Probing Depth Measurements Assessed With Williams Periodontal Probe
Délai: Baseline
Periodontal probing depth will be measured in millimeters using a Williams periodontal probe at six sites per tooth. Higher values indicate deeper periodontal pockets and worse periodontal condition.
Baseline

Collaborateurs et enquêteurs

C'est ici que vous trouverez les personnes et les organisations impliquées dans cette étude.

Parrainer

Nigde Omer Halisdemir University

Dates d'enregistrement des études

Ces dates suivent la progression des dossiers d'étude et des soumissions de résultats sommaires à ClinicalTrials.gov. Les dossiers d'étude et les résultats rapportés sont examinés par la Bibliothèque nationale de médecine (NLM) pour s'assurer qu'ils répondent à des normes de contrôle de qualité spécifiques avant d'être publiés sur le site Web public.

Dates principales de l'étude

Début de l'étude (Réel)

22 mai 2026

Achèvement primaire (Estimé)

1 octobre 2027

Achèvement de l'étude (Estimé)

1 novembre 2027

Dates d'inscription aux études

Première soumission

19 mai 2026

Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

19 mai 2026

Première publication (Réel)

26 mai 2026

Mises à jour des dossiers d'étude

Dernière mise à jour publiée (Réel)

10 juin 2026

Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

8 juin 2026

Dernière vérification

1 mai 2026

Plus d'information

Termes liés à cette étude

Termes MeSH pertinents supplémentaires

Autres numéros d'identification d'étude

  • NigdeOHU-GingivitisDOS

Informations sur les médicaments et les dispositifs, documents d'étude

Étudie un produit pharmaceutique réglementé par la FDA américaine

Non

Étudie un produit d'appareil réglementé par la FDA américaine

Non

Ces informations ont été extraites directement du site Web clinicaltrials.gov sans aucune modification. Si vous avez des demandes de modification, de suppression ou de mise à jour des détails de votre étude, veuillez contacter register@clinicaltrials.gov. Dès qu'un changement est mis en œuvre sur clinicaltrials.gov, il sera également mis à jour automatiquement sur notre site Web .

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