Effects of Taekwondo Match-Simulated Fatigue on Balance Performance in Female Athletes
14 septembre 2026 mis à jour par: Berkay Löklüoğlu
Effects of Taekwondo Match-Simulated Fatigue on Static and Dynamic Balance Performance in Female Athletes
Taekwondo is a high-intensity combat sport characterized by repeated explosive kicking actions and rapid changes in body position, requiring well-developed postural control to maintain technical performance and reduce injury risk.
Although fatigue has been reported to impair balance performance, previous studies have primarily induced fatigue using non-specific laboratory protocols that do not adequately reflect the physiological and neuromuscular demands of taekwondo competition.
Consequently, the effects of taekwondo-specific fatigue on static and dynamic balance performance remain insufficiently understood.
The primary objective of this study will be to investigate the effects of a taekwondo match-simulated fatigue protocol on static and dynamic balance performance in female taekwondo athletes.
Eighteen competitive female taekwondo athletes will participate in this single-group repeated-measures study.
Following a familiarization session, participants will complete a standardized taekwondo match-simulated fatigue protocol consisting of three 2-minute rounds separated by 1-minute passive recovery periods, replicating the official Olympic competition format.
Static and dynamic balance performance will be assessed before and immediately after the fatigue protocol using the Biodex Balance System (Biodex Medical Systems Inc., Shirley, NY, USA).
Balance performance will be evaluated under static and dynamic testing conditions, and the Overall Stability Index, Anteroposterior Stability Index, and Mediolateral Stability Index will be recorded.
The findings of this study are expected to improve understanding of the acute effects of sport-specific fatigue on postural control in female taekwondo athletes and may contribute to the development of evidence-based training and injury prevention strategies.
Aperçu de l'étude
Statut
Complété
Les conditions
Type d'étude
Interventionnel
Inscription (Réel)
20
Phase
- N'est pas applicable
Contacts et emplacements
Cette section fournit les coordonnées de ceux qui mènent l'étude et des informations sur le lieu où cette étude est menée.
Lieux d'étude
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Konya, Turquie (Türkiye)
- Selcuk University
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Critères de participation
Les chercheurs recherchent des personnes qui correspondent à une certaine description, appelée critères d'éligibilité. Certains exemples de ces critères sont l'état de santé général d'une personne ou des traitements antérieurs.
Critère d'éligibilité
Âges éligibles pour étudier
- Adulte
Accepte les volontaires sains
Oui
La description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Female taekwondo athletes aged 18-20 years.
- Regular participation in taekwondo training (minimum 3 sessions per week).
- Minimum of 3 years of competitive taekwondo experience.
- Free from musculoskeletal injury at the time of testing.
- Willingness to provide written informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- Any musculoskeletal injury within the previous 6 months.
- Neurological, vestibular, or balance disorders.
- Lower-extremity surgery within the previous 12 months.
- Any medical condition preventing participation in maximal exercise.
- Failure to complete the testing protocol
Plan d'étude
Cette section fournit des détails sur le plan d'étude, y compris la façon dont l'étude est conçue et ce que l'étude mesure.
Comment l'étude est-elle conçue ?
Détails de conception
- Objectif principal: Science basique
- Répartition: N / A
- Modèle interventionnel: Affectation à un seul groupe
- Masquage: Aucun (étiquette ouverte)
Armes et Interventions
Groupe de participants / Bras |
Intervention / Traitement |
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Expérimental: Experimental research design
Female taekwondo athletes will complete a standardized taekwondo match-simulated fatigue protocol.
Static and dynamic balance performance will be assessed immediately before and after the fatigue protocol during a single experimental session.
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Participants will perform a standardized taekwondo match-simulated fatigue protocol designed to reproduce the physiological and neuromuscular demands of an official taekwondo match.
Static and dynamic balance performance will be evaluated immediately before and after completion of the protocol.
Static balance performance will be assessed using the Biodex Balance System (Biodex Medical Systems Inc., Shirley, NY, USA).
Mean Overall Stability Index (OSI) score, mean Anteroposterior Stability Index (APSI) score, and mean Mediolateral Stability Index (MLSI) score will be calculated automatically by the system.
The static balance condition will be combined with an eyes-closed stance with the platform locked at a static level (a fixed support); this condition will designed to reflect support-fixed, vision-deprived postural control, where the participant must maintain postural stability without visual cues on a stable surface.
Dynamic balance performance will be assessed using the Biodex Balance System (Biodex Medical Systems Inc., Shirley, NY, USA).
Mean Overall Stability Index (OSI) score, mean Anteroposterior Stability Index (APSI) score, and mean Mediolateral Stability Index (MLSI) score will be calculated automatically by the system.
The dynamic balance condition combines an eyes-open stance with the platform stability set to level 5 (an unstable platform that requires active postural adjustments).
This condition will be designed to reflect visually guided, mechanically unstable postural control, where the participant must rely on real-time visual feedback to compensate for continuous platform tilt.
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Que mesure l'étude ?
Principaux critères de jugement
Mesure des résultats |
Description de la mesure |
Délai |
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Mean Overall Stability Index (OSI) Score
Délai: Baseline and immediately after the taekwondo match-simulated fatigue protocol.
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The Mean Overall Stability Index Score is the arithmetic mean of Overall Stability Index values automatically calculated by the Biodex system at the end of each 20-second single-leg stance trial.
This index is a unitless score representing the standard deviation of platform tilt about both the anteroposterior and mediolateral axes combined; it reflects composite postural sway during the trial.
Each participant completed the trial barefoot on her dominant lower extremity, under two within-subject conditions: (i) dynamic balance (eyes-open stance with the Biodex platform stability set to level 5), and (ii) static balance (eyes-closed stance with the platform locked at a static level).
The index is a unitless score representing the standard deviation of platform tilt about the corresponding axis; the theoretical minimum score is 0, which represents perfect postural stability.
There is no fixed theoretical upper limit of these indices.
Higher scores indicate poorer balance performance.
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Baseline and immediately after the taekwondo match-simulated fatigue protocol.
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Mean Mediolateral Stability Index (MLSI) Score
Délai: Baseline and immediately after the taekwondo match-simulated fatigue protocol.
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The Mean Mediolateral Stability Index Score is the arithmetic mean of Mediolateral Stability Index values automatically calculated by the Biodex Balance System at the end of each 20-second single-leg stance trial.
This index is a unitless score representing the standard deviation of platform tilt about the frontal axis only; it reflects mediolateral sway and is associated with hip-abductor-driven postural control.
Each participant will complete the trial barefoot on her dominant lower extremity (the foot preferred for kicking a ball) under two within-subject conditions: (i) dynamic balance (eyes-open stance with the Biodex platform stability set to level 5), and (ii) static balance (eyes-closed stance with the platform locked at a static level).
Theoretically, this index has a minimum value of 0, which represents perfect postural stability; there is no fixed theoretical upper limit.
Higher scores indicate poorer balance performance.
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Baseline and immediately after the taekwondo match-simulated fatigue protocol.
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Mean Anterior-Posterior Stability Index (APSI) Score
Délai: Baseline and immediately after the taekwondo match-simulated fatigue protocol.
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The Mean Anterior-Posterior Stability Index Score is the arithmetic mean of Anterior-Posterior Stability Index values automatically calculated by the Biodex system at the end of each 20-second single-leg stance trial.
This index is a unitless score representing the standard deviation of platform tilt about the sagittal axis only; it reflects anteroposterior sway and is associated with the ankle strategy of postural control.
Each participant will complete the trial barefoot on her dominant lower extremity (the foot preferred for kicking a ball) under two within-subject conditions: (i) dynamic balance (eyes-open stance with the Biodex platform stability set to level 5), and (ii) static balance (eyes-closed stance with the platform locked at a static level).
Theoretically, this index has a minimum value of 0, which represents perfect postural stability; there is no fixed theoretical upper limit.
Higher scores indicate poorer balance performance.
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Baseline and immediately after the taekwondo match-simulated fatigue protocol.
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Mesures de résultats secondaires
Mesure des résultats |
Description de la mesure |
Délai |
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Mean Age
Délai: Only baseline.
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The mean chronological age of participants at the time of enrollment will be reported in years.
Age will be derived from each participant's official identification date of birth and the calendar date of the first balance testing session.
It will be used solely as a descriptive baseline demographic variable.
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Only baseline.
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Mean Body Mass Index
Délai: Only baseline.
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Mean Body Mass Index is the arithmetic mean of participant-level BMI values aggregated from body mass (kg) and height (m) according to the standard formula BMI = body mass (kg) / height² (m²).
Body mass will be measured in kilograms and standing height in centimeters by a single trained experimenter during the enrollment session.
Each participant-level BMI is therefore a single aggregated value derived from two distinct unit-of-measure measurements; height (centimeters) and body mass (kilograms) are not reported separately.
It will be used solely as a descriptive baseline demographic variable.
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Only baseline.
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Collaborateurs et enquêteurs
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Dates d'enregistrement des études
Ces dates suivent la progression des dossiers d'étude et des soumissions de résultats sommaires à ClinicalTrials.gov. Les dossiers d'étude et les résultats rapportés sont examinés par la Bibliothèque nationale de médecine (NLM) pour s'assurer qu'ils répondent à des normes de contrôle de qualité spécifiques avant d'être publiés sur le site Web public.
Dates principales de l'étude
Début de l'étude (Réel)
1 juin 2026
Achèvement primaire (Réel)
1 juillet 2026
Achèvement de l'étude (Réel)
1 août 2026
Dates d'inscription aux études
Première soumission
25 juillet 2026
Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
30 juillet 2026
Première publication (Réel)
5 août 2026
Mises à jour des dossiers d'étude
Dernière mise à jour publiée (Réel)
17 septembre 2026
Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
14 septembre 2026
Dernière vérification
1 août 2026
Plus d'information
Termes liés à cette étude
Termes MeSH pertinents supplémentaires
Autres numéros d'identification d'étude
- 279
Plan pour les données individuelles des participants (IPD)
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Informations sur les médicaments et les dispositifs, documents d'étude
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Étudie un produit d'appareil réglementé par la FDA américaine
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