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Satiety, Microbiome, Appetite Regulation, and Tracking Energy Across Targeted Snacks: Acute Postprandial Study (SMARTEATS-PP)

21 août 2026 mis à jour par: Zoe Global Limited

The ZOE SMART EATS (Satiety, Microbiome, Appetite Regulation, and Tracking Energy Across Targeted Snacks) Acute Postprandial Study: Investigating the Acute Effects of a High-fibre Plant-based Snack Bar on Subjective Postprandial Hunger, Energy Intake and Eating Behaviour in Healthy UK Adults.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn how eating different snack foods affects acute hunger, energy intake and eating behaviour in healthy adults. The study will be conducted remotely over 5 days.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

  1. Does eating a snack bar intervention change how hungry participants feel later in the same day?
  2. Does eating a snack bar intervention change participants' energy intake, nutrient intake and eating behaviour on the same day?
  3. Does eating a snack bar intervention change participants mood, energy levels and alertness later in the same day?

Researchers will compare an intervention snack bar to a control snack bar to see if the intervention improves hunger, energy intake, eating behaviour, and other subjective measures.

Participants will:

  • Eat 2 snack bars for breakfast on 2 separate days, with 2 days in between
  • Not eat anything after 9pm the night before each test day
  • Fill out short online surveys (under 5 minutes) before breakfast and at set times over the next 3 hours
  • Not eat for 3 hours after breakfast
  • Write down everything they eat that day

Aperçu de l'étude

Statut

Recrutement

Les conditions

Intervention / Traitement

Description détaillée

Diet, and snacking behaviour in particular, plays an important role in long-term health. Snacking now contributes substantially to daily energy intake in the UK and US: data from the ZOE PREDICT study show that 95% of adults snack at least once a day, with snacks accounting for around a quarter of daily energy intake (2.28 snacks/day). However, the average UK snack has a poor nutrient profile, high in refined carbohydrates, added sugars, and saturated fat, and low in fibre and micronutrients, a pattern linked to poorer cardiometabolic health. Despite public health guidance to consume at least 30g of fibre a day, UK adults consume an average of around 20g/day. However, the composition and timing of a snack are important determinants of its effects on hunger, energy, and other health markers.

This trial evaluates an intervention (2 x snack bars) against a control (2 x snack bars that reflect the average nutrient profile of snacks currently sold in the UK). Using a control snack bar means any effects observed can be attributed to the specific formulation of the intervention snack bar, rather than simply to a change in snacking habits or a reduction in overall snack consumption.

The primary aim of the study is to determine whether the intervention snack bars reduce subjective postprandial hunger (in the hours after eating them), compared with control snack bars broadly representative of the average UK snack nutrient profile. The study will be conducted in 2 phases. In this phase (phase 1; acute postprandial study), 54 participants will complete a crossover postprandial study measuring hunger, satiety, mood, energy, and alertness over 3 hours, and as an end of day measure following consumption of the intervention or control; as well as eating behaviour and subsequent energy and nutrient intake on that day. The postprandial design allows the acute, within-day effects of the intervention snack bars to be assessed under tightly controlled conditions.

Type d'étude

Interventionnel

Inscription (Estimé)

54

Phase

  • N'est pas applicable

Contacts et emplacements

Cette section fournit les coordonnées de ceux qui mènent l'étude et des informations sur le lieu où cette étude est menée.

Coordonnées de l'étude

Lieux d'étude

Critères de participation

Les chercheurs recherchent des personnes qui correspondent à une certaine description, appelée critères d'éligibilité. Certains exemples de ces critères sont l'état de santé général d'une personne ou des traitements antérieurs.

Critère d'éligibilité

Âges éligibles pour étudier

  • Adulte
  • Adulte plus âgé

Accepte les volontaires sains

Oui

La description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Willing and able to follow the study protocol
  • Willing and able to provide informed consent
  • Regular consumption of snacks (≥2 per day)
  • Fibre intake <20 g/d
  • Living in the UK

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Have BMI of less than 18.5 kg/m² or more than 40 kg/m²
  • Have an allergy or intolerance to ingredients in the intervention or control snack bars (including inulin) or cannot eat the food products safely and comfortably for any reason
  • Have a personal medical history of inflammatory bowel disease, coeliac disease, Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic constipation, or chronic diarrhoea
  • Have started a new supplement in the past month, or are unwilling to maintain current supplement use throughout the study
  • Previously purchased any ZOE products (including Daily30, ZOE gut health bar or ZOE app membership).
  • Have taken any medication or product that may modify the measured study outcomes, in the past 3 months (including but not limited to: fibre supplements, antibiotics, non-topical steroids or other immunosuppressive medicines, probiotics or prebiotics, metformin, GLP-1 receptor agonists, lipid-lowering medications such as fibrates, statins, PCSK9 inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)
  • Have used opiate pain medication or a proton pump inhibitor for 8 or more consecutive days during the past 3 months
  • Have experienced a heart attack, stroke or major surgery in the last 2 months
  • Have received treatment for cancer in the last 3 months
  • Are currently pregnant, breastfeeding or planning a pregnancy
  • Are diagnosed with an eating disorder, type 1 diabetes mellitus or type 2 diabetes mellitus

Plan d'étude

Cette section fournit des détails sur le plan d'étude, y compris la façon dont l'étude est conçue et ce que l'étude mesure.

Comment l'étude est-elle conçue ?

Détails de conception

  • Objectif principal: La prévention
  • Répartition: Randomisé
  • Modèle interventionnel: Affectation croisée
  • Masquage: Double

Armes et Interventions

Groupe de participants / Bras
Intervention / Traitement
Expérimental: Intervention
Breakfast test meal consisting of 2 x intervention snack bars
Autre: High-fibre plant-based snack bar
A high-fibre plant-based snack bar.
Comparateur placebo: Control
Breakfast test meal consisting of 2 x control snack bars
Autre: Control snack bars
Commercially available snack bars (UK); reflects the energy and macronutrient profile of a typical UK snack.

Que mesure l'étude ?

Principaux critères de jugement

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
Postprandial hunger
Délai: Within 3 hours post-test meal consumption.
Assessed using digital visual analogue scales (VAS; 0-100) with anchor points 0 = 'not at all hungry', 100 = 'extremely hungry'. Completed at pre-specified time points immediately before and during a 3h post-meal fast.
Within 3 hours post-test meal consumption.

Mesures de résultats secondaires

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
Postprandial satiety
Délai: Within 3 hours post-test meal consumption.
Subjective postprandial satiety ratings, assessed using digital visual analogue scales (VAS; 0-100), with anchor points 0 = 'not at all', 100 = 'extremely'. Completed at pre-specified time points immediately before and during a 3h post-meal fast.
Within 3 hours post-test meal consumption.
Postprandial mood and energy
Délai: Within 3 hours post-test meal consumption.
Subjective postprandial ratings of mood and energy, assessed using digital visual analogue scales (VAS; 0-100), with anchor points 0 = 'not at all', 100 = 'extremely'. Completed at pre-specified time points immediately before and during a 3h post-meal fast.
Within 3 hours post-test meal consumption.
Eating rate
Délai: Duration of test meal consumption (day 1, day 4).
Self-reported eating rate (g/min) of the intervention and control test meals. Derived from the amount of food consumed (g) and self-reported eating duration (mins)
Duration of test meal consumption (day 1, day 4).
Time to next meal
Délai: Anticipated 3-6 hours post-test meal consumption (day 1, day 4).
Self-reported time to next meal (mins) following the test meals.
Anticipated 3-6 hours post-test meal consumption (day 1, day 4).
Energy and nutrient intake
Délai: Post-3 hour fast to midnight (day 1, day 4).
Energy (kcal) and nutrient intake (g; %EI) following the test meals. Assessed using digital food log (myFood24).
Post-3 hour fast to midnight (day 1, day 4).

Collaborateurs et enquêteurs

C'est ici que vous trouverez les personnes et les organisations impliquées dans cette étude.

Parrainer

Zoe Global Limited

Les enquêteurs

  • Chercheur principal: Berry E Sarah, Professor, King's College London

Publications et liens utiles

La personne responsable de la saisie des informations sur l'étude fournit volontairement ces publications. Il peut s'agir de tout ce qui concerne l'étude.

Publications générales

Dates d'enregistrement des études

Ces dates suivent la progression des dossiers d'étude et des soumissions de résultats sommaires à ClinicalTrials.gov. Les dossiers d'étude et les résultats rapportés sont examinés par la Bibliothèque nationale de médecine (NLM) pour s'assurer qu'ils répondent à des normes de contrôle de qualité spécifiques avant d'être publiés sur le site Web public.

Dates principales de l'étude

Début de l'étude (Réel)

14 août 2026

Achèvement primaire (Estimé)

16 septembre 2026

Achèvement de l'étude (Estimé)

1 octobre 2026

Dates d'inscription aux études

Première soumission

13 août 2026

Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

19 août 2026

Première publication (Réel)

20 août 2026

Mises à jour des dossiers d'étude

Dernière mise à jour publiée (Réel)

24 août 2026

Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

21 août 2026

Dernière vérification

1 août 2026

Plus d'information

Termes liés à cette étude

Mots clés

Autres numéros d'identification d'étude

  • ZOE SMART EATS - Postprandial

Plan pour les données individuelles des participants (IPD)

Prévoyez-vous de partager les données individuelles des participants (DPI) ?

OUI

Description du régime IPD

To protect participant privacy, individual participant clinical data and any data that could be used to identify individuals will not be publicly available and cannot be deposited in public repositories. In line with journal requirements, data underlying the results in the publication may be made available to bona fide researchers for reproducibility of results. Proposals, researchers or institutions requesting data will be approved if they meet the standard criteria related to ethics, privacy and data protection regulations.

Délai de partage IPD

Starting 6 months after publication.

Critères d'accès au partage IPD

The study data can be released to bona fide researchers by submitting a research proposal approved by a subpanel of our scientific advisory board which meets once per month with independent members to assess proposals. The data may be pseudo-anonymised or otherwise redacted to comply with the UK General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Researchers will be required to enter into a GDPR data sharing agreement before data may be released. Access request proposals should be sent to data.papers@joinzoe.com.

Type d'informations de prise en charge du partage d'IPD

  • PROTOCOLE D'ÉTUDE
  • ANALYTIC_CODE

Informations sur les médicaments et les dispositifs, documents d'étude

Étudie un produit pharmaceutique réglementé par la FDA américaine

Non

Étudie un produit d'appareil réglementé par la FDA américaine

Non

Ces informations ont été extraites directement du site Web clinicaltrials.gov sans aucune modification. Si vous avez des demandes de modification, de suppression ou de mise à jour des détails de votre étude, veuillez contacter register@clinicaltrials.gov. Dès qu'un changement est mis en œuvre sur clinicaltrials.gov, il sera également mis à jour automatiquement sur notre site Web .

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