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Gender-Transformative Interventions and Normative Beliefs About Reproductive Decision-Making (Beyond)

27 luglio 2026 aggiornato da: Technical University of Munich

Beyond the Couple: Gender-Transformative Interventions and Normative Beliefs About Reproductive Decision-Making of Newly Married People in India

The ECOVI trial is a two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) conducted in rural and urban communities across Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, and Rajasthan, India, and funded by the European Research Council (ERC). The trial evaluates the impact of a couples-based financial literacy and gender-transformative intervention ("Let Us Grow Together: Economic Wellbeing for Families") on economic intimate partner violence (IPV), economic decision-making, and economic empowerment among 2,276 married couples across 150 clusters.

This sub-study examines an understudied downstream question: whether such couples-based programs change normative beliefs that extend beyond the treated couple's own relationship to younger generations, particularly their daughters and their sons. Specifically, we ask whether the intervention shifts how treated women and men think about who should have the main say in reproductive decisions for newly married couples, for their daughters and their sons. In an additional analysis, we examine whether respondents apply different standards when reproductive decisions concern their daughter and her husband versus their son and his wife. A difference in the endorsement of women's reproductive autonomy across the two scenarios may indicate an asymmetry in the application of egalitarian norms, whereby respondents are more accepting of autonomy for biological daughters than for daughters-in-law. We further examine whether the intervention reduces this gap by promoting more consistent endorsement of women's reproductive decision-making autonomy across both scenarios.

Items measuring normative beliefs regarding younger generations are added to the ECOVI endline survey before the start of endline data collection. This pre-registration protocol is submitted before any endline data is collected, providing a fully prospective analysis plan. All mediator variables, internalized gender norms, and female household decision-making participation are collected at both baseline and endline as part of the main ECOVI trial.

The sub-study pursues four interconnected objectives: (1) to estimate the causal effect of the intervention on normative beliefs regarding reproductive decision-making; (2) to test whether any such effect operates through a shift in internalized gender norms (the norm internalization channel); (3) to test whether any such effect operates through a shift in perceived community gender norms (the perceived norms channel); and (4) to test whether any such effect operates through an increase in women's participation in household decision-making (the agency channel).

Panoramica dello studio

Stato

Attivo, non reclutante

Condizioni

Intervento / Trattamento

Tipo di studio

Interventistico

Iscrizione (Stimato)

2276

Fase

  • Non applicabile

Contatti e Sedi

Questa sezione fornisce i recapiti di coloro che conducono lo studio e informazioni su dove viene condotto lo studio.

Luoghi di studio

  • India
      • Pune, India
        • Maharashtra; Rajasthan; Andhra Pradesh

Criteri di partecipazione

I ricercatori cercano persone che corrispondano a una certa descrizione, chiamata criteri di ammissibilità. Alcuni esempi di questi criteri sono le condizioni generali di salute di una persona o trattamenti precedenti.

Criteri di ammissibilità

Età idonea allo studio

  • Adulto

Accetta volontari sani

Sì

Descrizione

Inclusion Criteria:

  • married and co-habiting husband-wife pairs;
  • women aged 18-49 and men aged 18 and older;
  • primary residence in a study cluster in Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, or Rajasthan;
  • completion of at least primary schooling (4th grade);
  • both partners provide written informed consent and agree to participate in six sessions, baseline and endline surveys, and SMS follow-ups;
  • both partners understand the local language used in sessions;
  • no plans for relocation or prolonged absence before endline.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • either partner under 18 years;
  • refusal of consent or unwillingness to participate by either partner;
  • serious physical or mental condition preventing safe active participation.

Piano di studio

Questa sezione fornisce i dettagli del piano di studio, compreso il modo in cui lo studio è progettato e ciò che lo studio sta misurando.

Come è strutturato lo studio?

Dettagli di progettazione

  • Scopo principale: Prevenzione
  • Assegnazione: Randomizzato
  • Modello interventistico: Assegnazione parallela
  • Mascheramento: Nessuno (etichetta aperta)

Armi e interventi

Gruppo di partecipanti / Arm
Intervento / Trattamento
Sperimentale: Let Us Grow Together: Economic Wellbeing for Families
The ECOVI intervention "Let Us Grow Together: Economic Wellbeing for Families" integrates financial literacy education with gender-transformative content on equitable household roles, communication skills, and joint decision-making, delivered in six structured community-based sessions for couples. Married couples in clusters assigned to the intervention receive a structured program of six community-based sessions. Each session lasts between 2.5 and 3 hours and includes participatory activities, discussions, and exercises. All six sessions would be conducted by the same two facilitators - one male and one female. The content integrates financial literacy (e.g., household budgeting, saving practices, joint financial planning) with gender-transformative training (e.g., equitable household roles, communication skills, conflict resolution, and fostering empathy between spouses). Sessions are delivered by trained facilitators in a group setting with fifteen couples, approximately every 2-4
Altro: Let Us Grow Together: Economic Wellbeing for Families
The ECOVI intervention "Let Us Grow Together: Economic Wellbeing for Families" integrates financial literacy education with gender-transformative content on equitable household roles, communication skills, and joint decision-making, delivered in six structured community-based sessions for couples.
Nessun intervento: Control
Married couples in clusters assigned to the control arm do not receive the special couples training during the study period. Participants in control group continue with standard activities and resources available in the community but without the structured sessions provided to the intervention arm. This control condition represents the status quo against which the added effect of the intervention can be measured. After the conclusion of the study, control clusters may be offered the intervention materials or sessions via the NGO partners in case investigators find overall positive treatment effects, ensuring ethical considerations are me

Cosa sta misurando lo studio?

Misure di risultato primarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Intergenerational Normative Beliefs Items
Lasso di tempo: T2 = endline (~6 months after intervention, approx. 1.5 years after baseline))
Normative beliefs regarding reproductive decision-making are assessed using three hypothetical scenario-based items with identical wording and response options. Respondents indicate who should have the main say in deciding whether and when a newly married couple has children in three contexts: (1) a newly married couple in the community, (2) the respondent's daughter and her husband, and (3) the respondent's son and his wife. Response options include wife, joint decision by spouses, husband, other family members, other, and prefer not to say.
T2 = endline (~6 months after intervention, approx. 1.5 years after baseline))

Altre misure di risultato

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Internalized Gender Norms:
Lasso di tempo: T1 = baseline (prior to session 1); T2 = endline (~6 months after intervention, approx. 1.5 years after baseline))
Women's own gender norm attitudes are measured using five items assessing personal beliefs about gender roles: (1) boys should have more educational opportunities than girls; (2) a man should have the final word about decisions in his home; (3) a wife should eat after her husband and children; (4) daughters should have equal inheritance rights as sons; and (5) it would be a good idea to elect a woman as village leader. Responses use a five-point agree/disagree scale. Items 1-3 are coded 1 if the respondent agrees or strongly agrees (traditional response); items 4-5 are reverse-coded so that disagreeing is coded 1 (traditional response). The score is the mean of available items, ranging from 0 to 1, with higher values indicating more traditional gender attitudes. The mediating variable is the endline score, with baseline score included as a covariate.
T1 = baseline (prior to session 1); T2 = endline (~6 months after intervention, approx. 1.5 years after baseline))
Perceived Community Gender Norms:
Lasso di tempo: T1 = baseline (prior to session 1); T2 = endline (~6 months after intervention, approx. 1.5 years after baseline))
Perceived norms are measured using the same five items, but respondents are asked to estimate how many out of ten community members would agree with each statement. Items 1-3 are summed directly; items 4-5 are subtracted (reversed), yielding an additive index where higher scores indicate more traditional perceived community norms. The mediating variable is the endline score, with baseline score included as a covariate.
T1 = baseline (prior to session 1); T2 = endline (~6 months after intervention, approx. 1.5 years after baseline))
Household Decision-Making Participation:
Lasso di tempo: T1 = baseline (prior to session 1); T2 = endline (~6 months after intervention, approx. 1.5 years after baseline))
Women's decision-making power is assessed across seven domains: healthcare or medication for herself; number of children and timing; contraception and family planning; children's marriage, healthcare, education, and rearing; major household purchases; spending on food and groceries; and spending on her own clothing. Each item is scored 1 (sole decision) to 4 (someone else decides), with responses 92 (not applicable) and 98 (prefer not to say) treated as missing. The composite score is the mean across available items, with higher values indicating less decision-making power. For interpretability, the scale is reverse-coded in all analyses so that higher scores indicate greater participation. The mediating variable is the endline score, with baseline score included as a covariate.
T1 = baseline (prior to session 1); T2 = endline (~6 months after intervention, approx. 1.5 years after baseline))
Covariates
Lasso di tempo: T1 = baseline (prior to session 1); T2 = endline (~6 months after intervention, approx. 1.5 years after baseline))
  • Respondent age
  • Respondent education
  • Respondent socioeconomic status
  • Household economic strain
  • Residential type (rural vs. urban)
  • Living arrangement (co-residing with in-laws vs. not)
  • State fixed effects (Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan)
T1 = baseline (prior to session 1); T2 = endline (~6 months after intervention, approx. 1.5 years after baseline))

Collaboratori e investigatori

Qui è dove troverai le persone e le organizzazioni coinvolte in questo studio.

Sponsor

Technical University of Munich

Collaboratori

Sambodhi Research and Communication Pvt., Ltd.

Investigatori

  • Investigatore principale: Janina I Steinert, Dr., Technical University of Munich

Pubblicazioni e link utili

La persona responsabile dell'inserimento delle informazioni sullo studio fornisce volontariamente queste pubblicazioni. Questi possono riguardare qualsiasi cosa relativa allo studio.

Pubblicazioni generali

Studiare le date dei record

Queste date tengono traccia dell'avanzamento della registrazione dello studio e dell'invio dei risultati di sintesi a ClinicalTrials.gov. I record degli studi e i risultati riportati vengono esaminati dalla National Library of Medicine (NLM) per assicurarsi che soddisfino specifici standard di controllo della qualità prima di essere pubblicati sul sito Web pubblico.

Studia le date principali

Inizio studio (Effettivo)

15 luglio 2025

Completamento primario (Stimato)

30 novembre 2026

Completamento dello studio (Stimato)

30 novembre 2026

Date di iscrizione allo studio

Primo inviato

9 luglio 2026

Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità

27 luglio 2026

Primo Inserito (Effettivo)

29 luglio 2026

Aggiornamenti dei record di studio

Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Effettivo)

29 luglio 2026

Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC

27 luglio 2026

Ultimo verificato

1 luglio 2026

Maggiori informazioni

Termini relativi a questo studio

Parole chiave

Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio

  • 101115963

Piano per i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)

Hai intenzione di condividere i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)?

NO

Descrizione del piano IPD

Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared. However, fully anonymized datasets may be shared with project partners and qualified researchers working on related topics (e.g., gender norms and economic violence) for secondary analyses, including cross-country or pooled analyses, subject to data sharing agreements and ethical approvals.

Access Criteria:

Available on request upon approval by overall study PI Prof. Dr. Steinert

Informazioni su farmaci e dispositivi, documenti di studio

Studia un prodotto farmaceutico regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Studia un dispositivo regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Queste informazioni sono state recuperate direttamente dal sito web clinicaltrials.gov senza alcuna modifica. In caso di richieste di modifica, rimozione o aggiornamento dei dettagli dello studio, contattare register@clinicaltrials.gov. Non appena verrà implementata una modifica su clinicaltrials.gov, questa verrà aggiornata automaticamente anche sul nostro sito web .

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