The Effect of Cryotherapy on Cerebral Hemodynamics Within Healthy Subjects
調査の概要
詳細な説明
The prevalence of concussion has been estimated to be between 4,380 and 10,403 concussions per day in the United States annually with over an estimated 3 million visits to emergency departments each year.1 Symptoms following a concussion last up to 10 days for 90% of cases2; however, the reduction of symptoms in this time frame does not indicate full neurometabolic recovery.
Following concussion, a neurometabolic cascade of events immediately occurs following initial impact with return to normative values around 30 days post-injury. In an attempt to maintain homeostasis in the brain following impact, glucose and oxygen demand increases temporarily and are coupled with periods of increased hyperperfusion and decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF). Although the neurometabolic timeline immediately following impact is only generally understood, there is consensus upon acute increases in CBF and metabolic activity followed by decreased CBF until return to normative values.
Cryotherapy has been studied extensively for its' effects throughout the musculoskeletal system. Cryotherapy in the musculoskeletal system has been shown to decrease tissue temperature and blood flow, as well as decrease oxygen and energy demands.12-19 Cryotherapy has also been applied in cases of moderate or severe traumatic brain injury and has demonstrated to decrease intracranial metabolic processes and oxygenation consumption. Although the potential benefits of cryotherapy have been established in cases of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), there is no current research examining cryotherapy in the treatment of concussion.
A convenience sample of 34 healthy, recreationally active individuals between the ages of 18-25 years will be recruited for participation in this study. The independent variable in this study will be group (cryotherapy, control). The primary outcome measures of interest are cognitive functioning measured using the Stroop Test and cerebral blood hemodynamics and hemoglobin saturation measured using near infrared spectroscopy. The pain visual analog scale (VAS) will be used to quantify tolerance to the intervention.
The following study will address the following objectives and related hypotheses:
Objective 1: To determine if the application of cryotherapy influences intracranial hemodynamics within healthy recreationally active young adults.
Hypothesis 1: Cryotherapy will cause a decrease in intracranial hemodynamics; specifically, the CO2 saturation and deoxygenated hemoglobin causing a decrease in intracranial metabolic activity.
Objective 2: To determine if the application of cryotherapy decreases cerebral blood flow within healthy recreationally active individuals.
Hypothesis 2: The application of cryotherapy will not cause a change in cerebral blood flow due to the highly regulated central nervous system.
研究の種類
入学 (実際)
段階
- フェーズ 1
連絡先と場所
研究場所
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Virginia
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Charlottesville、Virginia、アメリカ、22904
- University of Virginia Memorial Gymnasium
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参加基準
適格基準
就学可能な年齢
健康ボランティアの受け入れ
受講資格のある性別
説明
Inclusion Criteria:
- Between 18 and 25 years of age
- Recreationally active (exercise at least 30 minutes, 3 times weekly)
Exclusion Criteria:
- Contraindications for cryotherapy (eg. Raynaud's phenomenon, cold urticaria)
- Any documented learning difficulty or disability
- Any known neurological or psychiatric disorder
- History of migraines
- History of a concussion or traumatic brain injury in past 6 months
- Currently taking psychotropic medications
- Any known metabolism diseases
- Any known hematological diseases
- Any recreational drug use in past month
- Any known cardiopulmonary impairments or pathologies
研究計画
研究はどのように設計されていますか？
デザインの詳細
- 主な目的：処理
- 割り当て：ランダム化
- 介入モデル：並列代入
- マスキング：独身
武器と介入
参加者グループ / アーム |
介入・治療 |
|---|---|
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実験的：Cryotherapy
Participants received superficial cryotherapy using the Cryohelmet(TM)
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Cryotherapy was administered using the Catalyst CryoHelmet™ (All-Star Sporting Goods®, Shirley, Massachusetts, USA).
The CyroHelmet is a flexible helmet equipped with gel ice packs meant to cool the head and neck.
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介入なし：Control
Participants sat quietly for 20 minutes
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この研究は何を測定していますか？
主要な結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
|---|---|---|
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Oxygenated blood
時間枠：Oxygenated blood was collected throughout the data collection period (45 minutes)
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Oxygenated blood based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) data output
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Oxygenated blood was collected throughout the data collection period (45 minutes)
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Deoxygenated blood
時間枠：Dexoygenated blood was collected throughout the data collection period (45 minutes)
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Deoxygenated blood based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)
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Dexoygenated blood was collected throughout the data collection period (45 minutes)
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Stroop Task reaction time
時間枠：Stroop Task reaction time was collected prior to and following the intervention. Each test took approximately 5 minutes to complete.
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Reaction time measured in milliseconds while completing the Stroop Task
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Stroop Task reaction time was collected prior to and following the intervention. Each test took approximately 5 minutes to complete.
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協力者と研究者
スポンサー
出版物と役立つリンク
研究記録日
主要日程の研究
研究開始 (実際)
一次修了 (実際)
研究の完了 (実際)
試験登録日
最初に提出
QC基準を満たした最初の提出物
最初の投稿 (実際)
学習記録の更新
投稿された最後の更新 (実際)
QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました
最終確認日
詳しくは
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