Field-Based Physical and Temporal Correlates of Pitch Velocity in Adolescent Baseball Pitchers (No acronym)
Relationship Between Explosive Strength, Shoulder Flexibility, Sprint Performance, Wind-Up Temporal Characteristics, and Pitch Velocity in Adolescent Baseball Pitchers: A Completed Observational Repeated-Measures Study
調査の概要
詳細な説明
Pitch velocity is a relevant performance indicator in baseball pitching, particularly during adolescent development, when physical capacities, technical refinement, and sport-specific skill acquisition occur simultaneously. This completed observational study was designed to explore whether field-based measures of explosive strength, shoulder flexibility, sprint performance, and wind-up temporal organization were associated with pitch velocity in adolescent baseball pitchers.
The study used a quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive-correlational, longitudinal repeated-measures design. Six adolescent baseball pitchers were assessed once per week over approximately five weeks, yielding repeated observations nested within each athlete. The study did not involve an assigned intervention, randomization, treatment allocation, or modification of the athletes' usual training process.
The field-based assessment battery included rotational medicine-ball throw distance as an indicator of upper-body rotational explosive performance, countermovement jump height as an indicator of lower-body explosive performance, 30 m flying sprint time as an indicator of sprint performance, shoulder flexibility assessed through a behind-the-back shoulder mobility test, temporal analysis of two operational phases of the pitching wind-up using video, and pitch velocity measured with a sports radar. Wind-up phase 1 was operationally defined as the interval from maximal knee elevation to bilateral foot contact, whereas wind-up phase 2 was defined as the interval from bilateral foot contact to frontal orientation toward the target.
The main analytical purpose was to describe the magnitude and direction of the associations between the field-based measures and pitch velocity while accounting for the repeated-measures structure of the data. Analyses were planned using descriptive statistics and association models appropriate for repeated observations within participants, including mixed-effects models or exploratory correlation procedures when required by the sample size.
研究の種類
入学 (実際)
連絡先と場所
研究場所
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Antioquia
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Guarne、Antioquia、コロンビア、054080
- Tecnológico de Antioquia
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参加基準
適格基準
就学可能な年齢
- 子
健康ボランティアの受け入れ
サンプリング方法
調査対象母集団
説明
Inclusion Criteria:
- Male adolescent baseball players aged 13 to 14 years.
- Regular pitchers or players who performed regular pitching duties within an organized baseball training process.
- Regular participation in baseball training during the assessment period.
- Ability to complete field-based jumping, sprinting, shoulder flexibility, pitching, and video-based wind-up assessments.
- Parent or legal guardian consent and participant assent.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Active musculoskeletal injury, relevant pain, or medical restriction limiting participation in jumping, sprinting, or pitching assessments.
- Ongoing physical rehabilitation at the time of assessment.
- Medical contraindication for performing physical efforts consistent with regular baseball practice.
- Insufficient attendance to complete the minimum repeated-measures record required for analysis.
- Withdrawal of parent/legal guardian consent or participant assent.
研究計画
研究はどのように設計されていますか？
デザインの詳細
コホートと介入
グループ/コホート |
介入・治療 |
|---|---|
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Adolescent Baseball Pitchers
Adolescent baseball pitchers who completed repeated field-based assessments of explosive strength, sprint performance, shoulder flexibility, wind-up temporal characteristics, and pitch velocity over approximately five weeks.
No intervention or training modification was assigned by the investigators.
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Participants completed a field-based assessment battery including rotational medicine-ball throw, countermovement jump, 30 m flying sprint, shoulder flexibility assessment, video-based wind-up temporal analysis, and radar-based pitch velocity measurement.
These procedures were used only for observational assessment and did not constitute an assigned intervention.
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この研究は何を測定していますか？
主要な結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
|---|---|---|
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Pitch Velocity
時間枠：At each weekly assessment over 5 weeks
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Pitch velocity was measured in miles per hour using a sports radar during baseball pitches performed with the athlete's usual pitching technique.
The best valid attempt was recorded for each assessment session.
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At each weekly assessment over 5 weeks
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二次結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
|---|---|---|
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Rotational Medicine-Ball Throw Distance
時間枠：At each weekly assessment over 5 weeks
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Distance achieved in a rotational medicine-ball throw, used as a field-based indicator of upper-body rotational explosive performance.
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At each weekly assessment over 5 weeks
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Countermovement Jump Height
時間枠：At each weekly assessment over 5 weeks
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Jump height measured during a countermovement jump, used as a field-based indicator of lower-body explosive performance.
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At each weekly assessment over 5 weeks
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30 m Flying Sprint Time
時間枠：At each weekly assessment over 5 weeks
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Time recorded during a 30 m flying sprint test, used as a field-based indicator of sprint performance.
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At each weekly assessment over 5 weeks
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Shoulder Flexibility
時間枠：At each weekly assessment over 5 weeks
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Shoulder flexibility assessed through a behind-the-back shoulder mobility test, recording the distance or overlap between the middle fingers.
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At each weekly assessment over 5 weeks
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Wind-Up Phase 1 Duration
時間枠：At each weekly assessment over 5 weeks
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Duration of the first operational wind-up phase, defined as the time from maximal knee elevation to bilateral foot contact, assessed using video analysis.
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At each weekly assessment over 5 weeks
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Wind-Up Phase 2 Duration
時間枠：At each weekly assessment over 5 weeks
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Duration of the second operational wind-up phase, defined as the time from bilateral foot contact to frontal orientation toward the target, assessed using video analysis.
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At each weekly assessment over 5 weeks
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協力者と研究者
捜査官
- スタディディレクター：SAMUEL JOSE GAVIRIA ALZATE, PhD、Tecnológico de Antioquia
出版物と役立つリンク
一般刊行物
- Hernández Sampieri R, Mendoza Torres CP. Metodología de la investigación: las rutas cuantitativa, cualitativa y mixta. Ciudad de México: McGraw-Hill Education; 2018.
- Naclerio Ayllón F, Santos Leyva J, Pantoja García D. Relación entre los parámetros de fuerza, potencia y velocidad, en jugadores de softball. Kronos. 2004;3(6):13-20.
- Cañizares Arteaga R, Peña Malibran JD, Jiménez García R. Estudio del comportamiento de algunas características biomecánicas durante el lanzamiento, en lanzadores de béisbol del equipo de Sancti Spíritus. OLIMPIA. 2020;17:581-592.
- Pérez Martínez I, Martínez García M, Quintana Díaz A. Interrelación entre variables relacionadas con la velocidad del lanzamiento en el béisbol. PODIUM: Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología en la Cultura Física. 2021;16(3):743-756.
研究記録日
主要日程の研究
研究開始 (実際)
一次修了 (実際)
研究の完了 (実際)
試験登録日
最初に提出
QC基準を満たした最初の提出物
最初の投稿 (実際)
学習記録の更新
投稿された最後の更新 (実際)
QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました
最終確認日
詳しくは
本研究に関する用語
キーワード
その他の研究ID番号
- BASEBALL-PITCH-ANT-OBS-2026
個々の参加者データ (IPD) の計画
個々の参加者データ (IPD) を共有する予定はありますか?
IPD プランの説明
医薬品およびデバイス情報、研究文書
米国FDA規制医薬品の研究
米国FDA規制機器製品の研究
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