Community-Based Eye Screening With Structured Referral Tracking for Preventing Avoidable Blindness in Adults in Rawalpindi, Pakistan (SIGHT)
Community-Based Eye Screening With a Structured Referral Tracking Intervention for the Prevention of Avoidable Blindness Among Adults in Rawalpindi District, Pakistan
연구 개요
상세 설명
Avoidable blindness remains a major public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries, including Pakistan. Community-based eye screening camps are commonly used to identify individuals with visual impairment and eye diseases requiring treatment; however, referral completion to tertiary eye care facilities remains poor. Many patients fail to attend referral hospitals because of limited awareness, lack of follow-up, transportation barriers, and uncertainty regarding treatment procedures.
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of a Structured Referral Tracking (SRT) intervention in improving referral completion among adults identified with avoidable blindness during community-based eye screening camps in Rawalpindi District, Pakistan.
The study will use a cluster randomized controlled trial design. Ten community clusters (union councils) from five tehsils of Rawalpindi District will be selected using multistage random sampling. Clusters will be randomized into intervention and control arms. Participants attending eye screening camps who are diagnosed with eye conditions requiring referral to a tertiary eye hospital will be enrolled after informed consent.
Participants in the intervention arm will receive a multi-component Structured Referral Tracking intervention consisting of referral counseling, weekly reminder calls or mobile messages, visual educational material, and customized referral guidance regarding hospital location, estimated costs, and required documents. Participants in the control arm will receive standard referral procedures consisting of routine counseling and referral slips without structured follow-up.
The primary outcome will be referral completion at the tertiary eye hospital within eight weeks after screening, verified through hospital attendance records. Secondary outcomes will include knowledge regarding avoidable blindness, treatment satisfaction, feasibility and acceptability of the intervention, and barriers influencing referral completion.
The findings of this study are expected to provide evidence regarding the effectiveness and feasibility of structured referral tracking systems for improving eye care service utilization and reducing avoidable blindness in Pakistan.
연구 유형
등록 (추정된)
단계
- 해당 없음
연락처 및 위치
연구 연락처
- 이름: Khizar Nabeel, PHD (In progress)
- 전화번호: +923455096776
- 이메일: khizar@hsa.edu.pk
연구 장소
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Punjab Province
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Rawalpindi, Punjab Province, 파키스탄, 46600
- ACCO Department, Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi
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참여기준
자격 기준
공부할 수 있는 나이
- 성인
- 고령자
건강한 자원 봉사자를 받아들입니다
설명
Inclusion Criteria:
- Adults aged 18 years or above
- Individuals diagnosed with visual impairment or eye conditions requiring referral to a tertiary eye care facility
- Permanent residents of Rawalpindi District, Pakistan
- Willing and able to provide informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- Individuals already undergoing treatment for the identified eye condition
- Individuals requiring emergency ophthalmic care
- Severe systemic or physical illness limiting follow-up
- Individuals unable to provide informed consent
공부 계획
연구는 어떻게 설계됩니까?
디자인 세부사항
- 주 목적: 방지
- 할당: 무작위
- 중재 모델: 병렬 할당
- 마스킹: 하나의
무기와 개입
참가자 그룹 / 팔 |
개입 / 치료 |
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실험적: Structured Referral Tracking (SRT)
Participants will receive structured referral counseling, weekly reminder calls or messages, visual educational material, and customized referral guidance for eight weeks following community-based eye screening.
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A multi-component referral tracking intervention including referral counseling, weekly reminder calls or mobile messages, visual educational material, and customized referral guidance to improve referral completion after community eye screening.
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간섭 없음: Standard Referral Procedure
Participants will receive routine referral slips and standard counseling without structured follow-up or reminder communication.
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연구는 무엇을 측정합니까?
주요 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
|---|---|---|
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Referral Completion Rate Verified Through Hospital Records
기간: Within 8 weeks after community eye screening
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Proportion of referred participants who complete referral visits at the tertiary eye hospital, verified through hospital attendance records.
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Within 8 weeks after community eye screening
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2차 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
|---|---|---|
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Knowledge Score on Avoidable Blindness Questionnaire
기간: Baseline and 8 weeks after screening
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Participant knowledge regarding avoidable blindness and eye health assessed using a structured questionnaire developed for the study.
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Baseline and 8 weeks after screening
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Participant Acceptability of Structured Referral Tracking Assessed Using Structured Feedback Questionnaire
기간: Within 8 weeks after screening
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Participant acceptability of the Structured Referral Tracking intervention assessed using a structured feedback questionnaire regarding usefulness and satisfaction with reminder communication.
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Within 8 weeks after screening
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Barriers Influencing Referral Completion Assessed Using Structured Barrier Assessment Questionnaire
기간: Within 8 weeks after screening
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Barriers and facilitators influencing referral completion assessed using a structured questionnaire among referred participants.
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Within 8 weeks after screening
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기타 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
|---|---|---|
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Participant Treatment Satisfaction Score Using Structured Satisfaction Questionnaire
기간: Within 8 weeks after screening
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Participant-reported satisfaction regarding referral services and treatment received at the tertiary eye hospital assessed using a structured satisfaction questionnaire.
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Within 8 weeks after screening
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Feasibility of Structured Referral Tracking Assessed by Reminder Delivery and Follow-up Completion Rates
기간: Within 8 weeks after screening
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Feasibility of the intervention assessed through successful delivery of reminder messages/calls and completion of scheduled follow-up procedures.
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Within 8 weeks after screening
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공동 작업자 및 조사자
수사관
- 연구 책임자: Dr. Ahmad Abdullah, PHD, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad
간행물 및 유용한 링크
일반 간행물
- Harwood M, Cunningham W. Lessons from 2020 for equity in global eye health. Lancet Glob Health. 2021 Apr;9(4):e387-e388. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00036-X. Epub 2021 Feb 16. No abstract available.
- World Health Organization. Blindness and visual impairment. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2023
- Khan AA, Talpur KI, Awan Z, Arteaga SL, Bolster NM, Katibeh M, Watts E, Bastawrous A. Improving equity, efficiency and adherence to referral in Pakistan's eye health programmes: Pre- and post-pandemic onset. Front Public Health. 2022 Jul 22;10:873192. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.873192. eCollection 2022.
연구 기록 날짜
연구 주요 날짜
연구 시작 (추정된)
기본 완료 (추정된)
연구 완료 (추정된)
연구 등록 날짜
최초 제출
QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출
처음 게시됨 (실제)
연구 기록 업데이트
마지막 업데이트 게시됨 (실제)
QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출
마지막으로 확인됨
추가 정보
이 연구와 관련된 용어
키워드
기타 연구 ID 번호
- hsa2026135
개별 참가자 데이터(IPD) 계획
개별 참가자 데이터(IPD)를 공유할 계획입니까?
IPD 계획 설명
약물 및 장치 정보, 연구 문서
미국 FDA 규제 의약품 연구
미국 FDA 규제 기기 제품 연구
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