Ozone Versus Conventional Socket Disinfection for Primary Dental Implant Stability

Primary implant stability is a key determinant of successful osseointegration and long-term implant survival. Various implant site disinfection methods have been proposed to reduce the microbial load before implant placement. Ozone possesses antimicrobial and biostimulatory properties and may improve the biological environment for implant healing compared with conventional implant site disinfection.

The purpose of this randomized split-mouth controlled clinical trial is to compare ozone implant site disinfection with conventional implant site disinfection in terms of primary and early secondary implant stability.

Systemically healthy adults requiring at least two dental implants in symmetrical or contralateral edentulous sites will be enrolled. According to a randomized split-mouth design, one implant site will receive ozone disinfection before implant placement, whereas the paired implant site will receive conventional disinfection. This design allows each participant to serve as their own control, thereby minimizing inter-individual variability.

Primary implant stability will be assessed immediately after implant placement using insertion torque measurements and resonance frequency analysis (Implant Stability Quotient, ISQ). Secondary implant stability will be evaluated by resonance frequency analysis at the 3-month follow-up during healing abutment placement. All clinical procedures will be standardized and performed by experienced clinicians. The study aims to determine whether ozone implant site disinfection provides superior implant stability during the early osseointegration period compared with conventional implant site disinfection.