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Comparison of the Clinical and Microbiological Effects of CHX and HOCl Containing Mouthwashes

2 november 2026 bijgewerkt door: Mehtap Bilgin Çetin, Baskent University

This study compared two mouthwashes, containing hypochlorous acid (HOCl) or chlorhexidine (CHX), for their effects on dental plaque accumulation, gum bleeding, tooth staining, and bacteria in dental plaque. Participants used each mouthwash during a separate four-day period, with a washout period between treatments. Participants also evaluated their experience with each mouthwash using a questionnaire.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Voltooid

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

This single-center, randomized controlled crossover study compared mouthwashes containing 0.02% hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) using a four-day plaque regrowth model. Thirty participants were enrolled, and 26 completed both treatment periods.

Each mouthwash was used twice daily, with 10 mL rinsed for one minute, during a four-day period. The treatment periods were separated by a 14-day washout period. Professional prophylaxis was performed at the beginning of each treatment period. Participants refrained from toothbrushing and interdental cleaning during the treatment periods.

Clinical assessments included the Modified Plaque Index, bleeding on probing, and the Modified Stain Index. Supragingival plaque samples were collected at the end of each treatment period for microbiological analysis, including bacterial colony counts and identification by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Participants completed a questionnaire evaluating their experience with each mouthwash and indicated their final preference.

Studietype

Ingrijpend

Inschrijving (Werkelijk)

30

Fase

  • Niet toepasbaar

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studie Locaties

  • Turkije (Türkiye)
      • Ankara, Turkije (Türkiye), 06000
        • Baskent University Faculty of Dentistry

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

18 jaar tot 65 jaar (Volwassen, Oudere volwassene)

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Ja

Geslachten die in aanmerking komen voor studie

Allemaal

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Systemically healthy.
  • Aged 18-65 years.
  • Having at least 22 natural teeth.
  • Nonsmoker.
  • Willing to abstain from alcohol throughout the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Presence of periodontitis or gingivitis.
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
  • Use of medications that may affect periodontal status.
  • Antibiotic or anti-inflammatory medication use within the previous six months.
  • Use of antimicrobial mouth rinses, gels, or chewing gums within the previous three months.
  • Known allergy to any component of the study mouth rinses.
  • Presence of tongue conditions, such as geographic tongue or hairy tongue.
  • Periodontal probing depths of 4 mm or greater.
  • Gingival recession of 2 mm or greater.
  • Use of fixed or removable dental prostheses, including single crowns, or orthodontic appliances.

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Primair doel: Preventie
  • Toewijzing: Gerandomiseerd
  • Interventioneel model: Crossover-opdracht
  • Masker: Verviervoudigen

Wapens en interventies

Deelnemersgroep / Arm
Interventie / Behandeling
Experimenteel: HOCl followed by CHX

Participants used 0.02% hypochlorous acid mouthwash for four days, followed by a 14-day washout period, and then 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash for four days. Each mouthwash was used twice daily, with 10 mL rinsed for one minute.
Ander: Hypochlorous acid 0.02% mouthwash

Rinse with 10 mL for one minute, twice daily for four days.

Ander: Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% mouthwash

Rinse with 10 mL for one minute, twice daily for four days.
Experimenteel: CHX followed by HOCl

Participants used 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash for four days, followed by a 14-day washout period, and then 0.02% hypochlorous acid mouthwash for four days. Each mouthwash was used twice daily, with 10 mL rinsed for one minute.
Ander: Hypochlorous acid 0.02% mouthwash

Rinse with 10 mL for one minute, twice daily for four days.

Ander: Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% mouthwash

Rinse with 10 mL for one minute, twice daily for four days.

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Modified Plaque Index
Tijdsspanne: At the end of each four-day treatment period.

Dental plaque was assessed using the modified Silness and Löe Plaque Index at six sites per tooth. Each site was scored from 0 (no plaque) to 3 (abundant plaque). Mean scores were calculated for the full mouth and 12 anatomical regions and compared between the HOCl and CHX treatment periods. Mean scores range from 0 to 3; higher scores indicate greater plaque accumulation.
At the end of each four-day treatment period.

Secundaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Total culturable bacterial count in supragingival plaque
Tijdsspanne: At the end of each four-day treatment period.

Total culturable bacterial counts were measured in supragingival plaque samples collected from molar teeth and expressed as colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL). Counts were compared between the HOCl and CHX treatment periods.
At the end of each four-day treatment period.
Bleeding on Probing (BOP)
Tijdsspanne: At the end of each four-day treatment period.

Bleeding was assessed at six sites per tooth using a periodontal probe. Sites showing bleeding within 30 seconds after probing were recorded as positive. BOP was calculated as the number of bleeding sites divided by the total number of examined sites, multiplied by 100. Full-mouth and regional percentages were calculated. Scores range from 0% to 100%; higher values indicate more gingival bleeding.
At the end of each four-day treatment period.
Modified Stain Index (MSI)
Tijdsspanne: At the end of each four-day treatment period.

Extrinsic tooth staining was assessed in four regions on each buccal and lingual/palatal tooth surface. Intensity was scored from 0 to 3. Area was scored from 1 to 3 only when intensity was 2 or 3, using the region-specific criteria of Macpherson et al. (2000). For intensity scores of 1, the intensity × area value was defined as 1. The participant-level MSI was calculated by averaging these values across examined regions, with a range of 0-9. Higher scores indicate greater staining.
At the end of each four-day treatment period.

Andere uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Participant-reported experience with mouthwashes
Tijdsspanne: At the end of each four-day treatment period.

At the end of each treatment period, participants completed a five-item questionnaire assessing mouthwash taste, effects on taste perception, perceived tooth cleanliness, perceived tooth discoloration, and nausea associated with mouthwash use. Each item was rated as 1 (poor), 2 (moderate), or 3 (good). Higher scores indicate a more favorable participant rating. Each item was evaluated separately.
At the end of each four-day treatment period.
Final mouthwash preference
Tijdsspanne: After completion of both four-day treatment periods and the intervening 14-day washout period.

After completing both treatment periods, participants indicated which of the two mouthwashes they preferred. The number of participants preferring each mouthwash was recorded.
After completion of both four-day treatment periods and the intervening 14-day washout period.

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

Baskent University

Onderzoekers

  • Hoofdonderzoeker: Mehtap Bilgin Cetin, Associate Professor, Baskent University

Publicaties en nuttige links

De persoon die verantwoordelijk is voor het invoeren van informatie over het onderzoek stelt deze publicaties vrijwillig ter beschikking. Dit kan gaan over alles wat met het onderzoek te maken heeft.

Algemene publicaties

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Werkelijk)

28 maart 2022

Primaire voltooiing (Werkelijk)

19 april 2022

Studie voltooiing (Werkelijk)

19 april 2022

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

29 augustus 2024

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

5 september 2024

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

19 september 2024

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

4 november 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

2 november 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 november 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Trefwoorden

Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • MR1234

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

ONBESLIST

Beschrijving IPD-plan

A decision regarding sharing individual participant data has not yet been made.

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

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