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- Klinische proef NCT07765719
Effect of Chickpea Protein Hydrolysate Supplementation on Muscle Damage and Inflammatory Plasma Markers During a Football Tournament: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial (PROVERDE)
Evaluation of New Disruptive Technologies (Steam Explosion) in the Design of Tailor-made Plant Protein Hydrolysates Applied to Sport Nutrition (PROVERDE)
Studie Overzicht
Toestand
Conditie
Interventie / Behandeling
Gedetailleerde beschrijving
The study was designed as a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover nutritional intervention conducted in football players during the competitive season. Participants were randomly allocated to one of two intervention sequences, with allocation balanced according to playing position.
During the first four-week intervention period, one sequence received the experimental beverage containing chickpea protein hydrolysate, whereas the other sequence received a matched placebo beverage. This was followed by a two-week washout period. During the second four-week intervention period, the treatments were crossed over so that each participant received the alternative beverage. A further two-week washout period was included after the second intervention.
On training days, the experimental beverage was consumed 2-4 hours before training at a dose providing 0.2 g protein/kg body weight and approximately 30 minutes after training at a dose providing 0.3 g protein/kg body weight. The placebo beverage followed the same administration schedule and was designed to have a similar appearance and taste and the same protein content, but from a different protein source.
Blood sampling, dietary assessment, and anthropometric measurements were scheduled at baseline and during the intervention and washout periods. The study evaluated biochemical markers related to protein and hepatic metabolism, hematological parameters, glucose and insulin, antioxidant status, inflammatory biomarkers, lipid profile, lipid peroxidation, muscle damage markers, adverse events, dietary intake, and body composition.
Studietype
Inschrijving (Werkelijk)
Fase
- Niet toepasbaar
Contacten en locaties
Studie Locaties
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Andalusia
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Cadiz, Andalusia, Spanje
- Ciudad Deportiva Bahía de Cádiz
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Deelname Criteria
Geschiktheidscriteria
Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie
- Kind
- Volwassen
- Oudere volwassene
Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers
Beschrijving
Inclusion Criteria:
- Football player belonging to one of the participating professional, semiprofessional, or amateur football teams.
- Regular participation in the team's training sessions and matches.
- Considered healthy based on medical history, biochemical assessment, body composition, lifestyle assessment, and dietary evaluation.
- Ability and willingness to comply with the study procedures and beverage consumption schedule.
- Provision of written informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Presence of chronic disease, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, or metabolic syndrome.
- Overweight, renal impairment, or hepatic impairment.
- Abnormal biochemical test results considered clinically relevant by the research team.
- Known allergy to chickpea.
- Use of medication or nutritional supplements during the four weeks preceding enrollment.
- Current smoking.
- Participation in another similar study during the previous three months.
- Completion of less than 75% of the scheduled training sessions or matches during the study.
- Failure to consume 100% of the assigned study beverage.
- Any circumstance that, in the opinion of the research team, could impair participation or compliance with the study procedures.
Studie plan
Hoe is de studie opgezet?
Ontwerpdetails
- Primair doel: Ander
- Toewijzing: Gerandomiseerd
- Interventioneel model: Crossover-opdracht
- Masker: Dubbele
Wapens en interventies
Deelnemersgroep / Arm |
Interventie / Behandeling |
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Experimenteel: Chickpea Protein Hydrolysate Followed by Maltodextrin Placebo
Participants received the chickpea protein hydrolysate beverage for four weeks, followed by a two-week washout period.
They subsequently received the maltodextrin placebo beverage for four weeks, followed by a final two-week washout period.
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A powdered beverage containing chickpea protein hydrolysate was reconstituted in water before consumption.
On training days, participants consumed a dose providing 0.2 g protein/kg body weight 2-4 hours before training and 0.3 g protein/kg body weight approximately 30 minutes after training.
The intervention was administered for four weeks during the corresponding study period.
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Experimenteel: Maltodextrin Placebo Followed by Chickpea Protein Hydrolysate
Participants received the maltodextrin placebo beverage for four weeks, followed by a two-week washout period.
They subsequently received the chickpea protein hydrolysate beverage for four weeks, followed by a final two-week washout period.
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A maltodextrin-containing placebo beverage designed to resemble the chickpea protein hydrolysate beverage in appearance and taste.
The placebo was administered according to the same timing schedule as the experimental beverage for four weeks during the corresponding study period.
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Wat meet het onderzoek?
Primaire uitkomstmaten
Uitkomstmaat |
Maatregel Beschrijving |
Tijdsspanne |
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Number of Participants With Adverse Events During Each Intervention Period
Tijdsspanne: During the first 4-week intervention period and the second 4-week intervention period, up to Week 10
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The number of participants reporting one or more adverse events during consumption of the chickpea protein hydrolysate beverage or the maltodextrin placebo beverage was recorded.
Adverse events included any unfavorable symptom or clinical event reported by a participant or identified by the research team during the intervention periods.
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During the first 4-week intervention period and the second 4-week intervention period, up to Week 10
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Change in Circulating Interleukin-6 Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Interleukin-6 concentration was measured using a commercial immunoassay.
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Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Change in Circulating Interleukin-8 Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Interleukin-8 concentration was measured using a commercial immunoassay.
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Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Change in C-Reactive Protein Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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CRP concentration was measured using a commercial immunoassay.
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Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Change in Creatine Kinase Activity
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Kinase activity was measured in fasting blood samples.
For the crossover comparison, the change during each intervention phase was calculated as the value at the end of the 4-week phase minus the corresponding phase-specific baseline value.
Changes during the chickpea protein hydrolysate and maltodextrin placebo phases were compared within participants.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity was measured in fasting blood samples.
For the crossover comparison, the change during each intervention phase was calculated as the value at the end of the 4-week phase minus the corresponding phase-specific baseline value.
Changes during the chickpea protein hydrolysate and maltodextrin placebo phases were compared within participants.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Myoglobin Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Myoglobin Concentration was measured in fasting blood samples.
For the crossover comparison, the change during each intervention phase was calculated as the value at the end of the 4-week phase minus the corresponding phase-specific baseline value.
Changes during the chickpea protein hydrolysate and maltodextrin placebo phases were compared within participants.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Antioxidant Activity
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power, Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity, and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity was measured in fasting blood samples.
For the crossover comparison, the change during each intervention phase was calculated as the value at the end of the 4-week phase minus the corresponding phase-specific baseline value.
Changes during the chickpea protein hydrolysate and maltodextrin placebo phases were compared within participants.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Glutathione Peroxidase Activity
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Glutathione Peroxidase Activity was measured in fasting blood samples.
For the crossover comparison, the change during each intervention phase was calculated as the value at the end of the 4-week phase minus the corresponding phase-specific baseline value.
Changes during the chickpea protein hydrolysate and maltodextrin placebo phases were compared within participants.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Glutathione Reductase Activity
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Glutathione Reductase Activity was measured in fasting blood samples.
For the crossover comparison, the change during each intervention phase was calculated as the value at the end of the 4-week phase minus the corresponding phase-specific baseline value.
Changes during the chickpea protein hydrolysate and maltodextrin placebo phases were compared within participants.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Serum Creatinine Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Change in Alkaline Phosphatase Activity
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Change in Aspartate Aminotransferase Activity
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Alanine Aminotransferase Activity
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase Activity
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Secundaire uitkomstmaten
Uitkomstmaat |
Maatregel Beschrijving |
Tijdsspanne |
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Change in Red Blood Cell Count
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Red Blood Cell Count was measured in fasting blood samples as part of the predefined biochemical and hematological safety assessment.
For the crossover comparison, the change during each intervention phase was calculated as the end-of-phase value minus the corresponding phase-specific baseline value.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Hemoglobin Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Hematocrit
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Mean Corpuscular Volume
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Red Cell Distribution Width
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Total Leukocyte Count
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Neutrophil Count
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Lymphocyte Count
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Monocyte Count
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Eosinophil Count
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Basophil Count
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Change in Platelet Count
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Change in Mean Platelet Volume
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Change in Serum Urea Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Change in Blood Urea Nitrogen Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Change in Total Protein Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Change in Total Bilirubin Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Baseline and Weeks 4, 6, 10, and 12; the primary crossover comparison used the phase-specific changes from Weeks 0 to 4 and Weeks 6 to 10.
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Change in Fasting Glucose Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Fasting Insulin Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Total Cholesterol Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Triglyceride Concentration
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Andere uitkomstmaten
Uitkomstmaat |
Tijdsspanne |
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Change in Body Mass
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Body Mass Index
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Body Fat Percentage
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of each 4-week intervention period, corresponding to Weeks 0, 4, 6, and 10.
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Change in Daily Energy Intake
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of intervention period, corresponding to Week 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of intervention period, corresponding to Week 10.
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Change in Daily Carbohydrate Intake
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of intervention period, corresponding to Week 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of intervention period, corresponding to Week 10.
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Change in Daily Protein Intake
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of intervention period, corresponding to Week 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of intervention period, corresponding to Week 10.
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Change in Daily Fat Intake
Tijdsspanne: Phase-specific baseline and end of intervention period, corresponding to Week 10.
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Phase-specific baseline and end of intervention period, corresponding to Week 10.
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Medewerkers en onderzoekers
Sponsor
Medewerkers
Onderzoekers
- Hoofdonderzoeker: Justo Javier Pedroche Jiménez, PhD, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
- Hoofdonderzoeker: María Soledad MS Fernández Pachón, PhD, Universidad Pablo de Olavide
- Hoofdonderzoeker: José Antonio JA González Jurado, PhD, Universidad Pablo de Olavide
- Hoofdonderzoeker: Noelia María NM Rodríguez Martín, PhD, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
Publicaties en nuttige links
Algemene publicaties
- Alcala-Santiago A, Toscano-Sanchez R, Marquez-Lopez JC, Gonzalez-Jurado JA, Fernandez-Pachon MS, Garcia-Villanova B, Pedroche J, Rodriguez-Martin NM. The Synergic Immunomodulatory Effect of Vitamin D and Chickpea Protein Hydrolysate in THP-1 Cells: An In Vitro Approach. Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Nov 25;25(23):12628. doi: 10.3390/ijms252312628.
- Rodriguez-Martin NM, Marquez-Lopez JC, Gonzalez-Jurado JA, Millan F, Pedroche J, Fernandez-Pachon MS. The immunomodulatory potential of chickpea protein hydrolysate via ROS and NO pathways. Biomed Pharmacother. 2025 Jan;182:117794. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117794. Epub 2024 Dec 24.
- Rodriguez-Martin NM, Marquez-Lopez JC, Cerrillo I, Millan F, Gonzalez-Jurado JA, Fernandez-Pachon MS, Pedroche J. Production of chickpea protein hydrolysate at laboratory and pilot plant scales: Optimization using principal component analysis based on antioxidant activities. Food Chem. 2024 Mar 30;437(Pt 1):137707. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137707. Epub 2023 Oct 18.
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Studieregistratiedata
Eerst ingediend
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Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)
Updates van studierecords
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Meer informatie
Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie
Trefwoorden
Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden
Andere studie-ID-nummers
- PID2019-111368RB-I00 (Andere identificatie: Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Plan Nacional)
- IDI-20200562 (Andere identificatie: Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial (CDTI))
Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)
Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?
Beschrijving IPD-plan
Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten
Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel
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