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Immediate Effect of Lumbar Mobilization on Paraspinal Muscle Stiffness

11 september 2026 bijgewerkt door: Žiga Kozinc, University of Primorska

Immediate Effect of Maitland Grade III++ Central Posteroanterior Mobilization on Erector Spinae and Multifidus Muscle Stiffness in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Crossover Trial

This randomized controlled crossover study will investigate the immediate effect of central posteroanterior lumbar mobilization on the intrinsic stiffness of the erector spinae and multifidus muscles in healthy adults without low back pain. Twenty-four participants will complete two experimental visits in randomized order. During one visit, participants will receive Maitland Grade III++ central posteroanterior mobilization at the L4 vertebral level, while during the other visit they will receive a sham mobilization condition involving gentle rhythmic pressure. Muscle stiffness will be assessed using shear wave elastography immediately before and after each intervention.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Werving

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

The study will be designed as a randomized controlled crossover trial to investigate the immediate effects of manual spinal mobilization on lumbar paraspinal muscle stiffness in healthy adults without low back pain. Each participant will attend two separate study visits and will receive both experimental conditions in a randomized order.

In the experimental condition, Maitland Grade III++ central posteroanterior mobilization will be applied over the spinous process of L4. The intervention will consist of three 60-second sets of passive rhythmic oscillatory pressures performed at approximately 2 Hz, with 30-second rest periods between sets. In the control condition, participants will receive a sham mobilization presented as a Grade I mobilization technique. The sham intervention will follow the same timing structure but will consist of gentle rhythmic pressure over the L4 spinous process.

Intrinsic muscle stiffness of the right erector spinae and multifidus muscles will be assessed using shear wave elastography. Three measurements will be obtained immediately before and after each intervention, and the mean value will be expressed in kilopascals. Measurements will be performed in a standardized prone position at the L4-L5 level.

Studietype

Ingrijpend

Inschrijving (Geschat)

25

Fase

  • Niet toepasbaar

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studiecontact

Studie Locaties

  • Slovenië
      • Izola, Slovenië, 6310
        • Werving
        • University of Primorska, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izola
        • Contact:

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

  • Volwassen

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Ja

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Men and women aged 21 to 38 years.
  • Resident of the Republic of Slovenia.
  • No current low back pain.
  • No contraindications to lumbar manual mobilization.
  • Ability to assume and maintain the required prone testing position.
  • Provision of written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Current low back pain.
  • Spondylolisthesis.
  • Severe osteoporosis.
  • Spinal stenosis.
  • Lumboischialgia or other significant structural spinal deformity.
  • Fibromyalgia.
  • Recent spinal surgery or lumbar spinal fixation.
  • Cauda equina syndrome.
  • Nerve root compression associated with neurological deficits.
  • Malignancy.
  • Recent relevant trauma.
  • Joint instability.
  • Active rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Acute local or systemic infection.
  • Long-term local corticosteroid use.
  • Inability to assume or maintain the required testing position.

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Primair doel: Fundamentele wetenschap
  • Toewijzing: Gerandomiseerd
  • Interventioneel model: Crossover-opdracht
  • Masker: Enkel

Wapens en interventies

Deelnemersgroep / Arm
Interventie / Behandeling
Experimenteel: Mobilization-Sham Sequence
Participants receive Maitland Grade III++ central posteroanterior mobilization during the first study visit and sham mobilization during the second study visit.
Procedure: Maitland Grade III++ Central Posteroanterior Mobilization
Central posteroanterior mobilization is applied over the L4 spinous process with the participant in a prone position. The intervention consists of three 60-second sets of passive rhythmic oscillatory pressures performed at approximately 2 Hz, with 30-second rest periods between sets, resulting in approximately 360 oscillatory pressures in total.
Procedure: Sham Lumbar Mobilization
Sham mobilization is applied over the L4 spinous process with the participant in a prone position. The procedure consists of three 60-second sets of gentle rhythmic pressures with 30-second rest periods between sets. The timing and therapist contact are matched to the experimental condition, while substantial mobilization pressure is avoided.
Actieve vergelijker: Sham-Mobilization Sequence
Participants receive sham mobilization during the first study visit and Maitland Grade III++ central posteroanterior mobilization during the second study visit.
Procedure: Maitland Grade III++ Central Posteroanterior Mobilization
Central posteroanterior mobilization is applied over the L4 spinous process with the participant in a prone position. The intervention consists of three 60-second sets of passive rhythmic oscillatory pressures performed at approximately 2 Hz, with 30-second rest periods between sets, resulting in approximately 360 oscillatory pressures in total.
Procedure: Sham Lumbar Mobilization
Sham mobilization is applied over the L4 spinous process with the participant in a prone position. The procedure consists of three 60-second sets of gentle rhythmic pressures with 30-second rest periods between sets. The timing and therapist contact are matched to the experimental condition, while substantial mobilization pressure is avoided.

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Change in Erector Spinae Muscle Stiffness
Tijdsspanne: Immediately before and immediately after each intervention session
Intrinsic stiffness of the right erector spinae muscle is assessed using shear wave elastography and expressed as shear modulus in kilopascals (kPa). Three measurements are obtained at each time point and averaged. The outcome is the change from the pre-intervention to the immediate post-intervention measurement.
Immediately before and immediately after each intervention session
Change in Multifidus Muscle Stiffness
Tijdsspanne: Immediately before and immediately after each intervention session
Intrinsic stiffness of the right multifidus muscle is assessed using shear wave elastography and expressed as shear modulus in kilopascals (kPa). Three measurements are obtained at each time point and averaged. The outcome is the change from the pre-intervention to the immediate post-intervention measurement.
Immediately before and immediately after each intervention session

Secundaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Change in Erector Spinae Muscle Stiffness Assessed by Myotonometry
Tijdsspanne: Immediately before and immediately after each intervention session
Myotonometry will be used to assess mechanical muscle stiffness at the same measurement location used for the erector spinae shear wave elastography assessment. Measurements will be performed immediately before and after each intervention condition. The outcome will be the change in muscle stiffness from pre-intervention to immediate post-intervention.
Immediately before and immediately after each intervention session
Change in Multifidus Muscle Stiffness Assessed by Myotonometry
Tijdsspanne: Immediately before and immediately after each intervention session
Myotonometry will be used to assess mechanical muscle stiffness at the same measurement location used for the multifidus shear wave elastography assessment. Measurements will be performed immediately before and after each intervention condition. The outcome will be the change in muscle stiffness from pre-intervention to immediate post-intervention.
Immediately before and immediately after each intervention session

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

University of Primorska

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Geschat)

30 september 2026

Primaire voltooiing (Geschat)

26 november 2026

Studie voltooiing (Geschat)

30 november 2026

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

11 september 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

11 september 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

17 september 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

17 september 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

11 september 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 september 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Trefwoorden

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • UP-FHS-PA-SWE-2026

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

JA

Beschrijving IPD-plan

De-identified individual participant data underlying the results reported in subsequent publications may be made available upon reasonable request to the study investigators. Data will be shared for scientifically justified purposes following approval by the investigators and, where appropriate, completion of a data-sharing agreement.

IPD-tijdsbestek voor delen

Data will be available following publication of the main study results and will remain available for at least 5 years.

IPD-toegangscriteria voor delen

Researchers with a scientifically justified proposal may request access. Requests will be reviewed by the study investigators and data will be shared in de-identified form subject to applicable ethical and data-protection requirements.

IPD delen Ondersteunend informatietype

  • LEERPROTOCOOL
  • SAP
  • ICF

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

Deze informatie is zonder wijzigingen rechtstreeks van de website clinicaltrials.gov gehaald. Als u verzoeken heeft om uw onderzoeksgegevens te wijzigen, te verwijderen of bij te werken, neem dan contact op met register@clinicaltrials.gov. Zodra er een wijziging wordt doorgevoerd op clinicaltrials.gov, wordt deze ook automatisch bijgewerkt op onze website .

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