Personalized 3D Visualization for Oral Hygiene and Motivation in Adults With Gingivitis
14 september 2026 bijgewerkt door: Zeynep AKGÜL, Abant Izzet Baysal University
This study evaluated whether personalized three-dimensional images of possible future changes in the gums could improve oral hygiene and motivation in adults with gingivitis. Gingivitis is inflammation of the gums associated with dental plaque.
Eighty-four adults aged 18-60 years were randomly assigned to three groups of 28 participants. The groups received conventional oral hygiene education, general three-dimensional educational animations, or personalized three-dimensional visualization using models created from their own intraoral scans. All participants received the same nonsurgical periodontal treatment and instruction in toothbrushing and cleaning between the teeth.
The personalized images illustrated possible gum recession and tissue changes if periodontal care and daily plaque control were neglected. They were educational scenarios, not individual predictions of future disease. Personalized visualization was accompanied by a clinician-guided motivational discussion.
Dental plaque, gum inflammation, gum bleeding, and motivation toward dental treatment were assessed before treatment and six weeks later. The study compared these outcomes among the three educational approaches.
Studie Overzicht
Toestand
Voltooid
Conditie
Studietype
Ingrijpend
Inschrijving (Werkelijk)
88
Fase
- Niet toepasbaar
Contacten en locaties
In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.
Studie Locaties
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Central
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Bolu, Central, Turkije (Türkiye), 14100
- Faculty of Dentistry, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Department of Periodontics
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Deelname Criteria
Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.
Geschiktheidscriteria
Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie
- Volwassen
Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers
Ja
Beschrijving
Inclusion Criteria:
- Adults aged 18-60 years. Systemically healthy. Diagnosis of gingivitis according to the 2017 World Workshop classification. At least 20 natural teeth, excluding third molars. At least 12 years of formal education. Turkish as the native language. Probing depths ≤3 mm. Bleeding on probing at more than 10% of sites. Visible plaque at more than 50% of sites. Provision of written informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Dentists or dental students. Previous periodontal treatment or structured oral hygiene education. Use of antibiotics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs within the preceding 3 months.
Generalized gingival recession or dentin hypersensitivity. Full-arch fixed or removable prostheses. Acute odontogenic infections. Overhanging or defective restorations, or root caries that could affect oral hygiene practices.
Active orthodontic treatment. Communicable diseases such as hepatitis or HIV infection. Cognitive, systemic, or physical conditions that could interfere with understanding the educational content or performing oral hygiene practices.
Studie plan
Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.
Hoe is de studie opgezet?
Ontwerpdetails
- Primair doel: Behandeling
- Toewijzing: Gerandomiseerd
- Interventioneel model: Parallelle opdracht
- Masker: Dubbele
Wapens en interventies
Deelnemersgroep / Arm |
Interventie / Behandeling |
|---|---|
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Actieve vergelijker: Conventional Method (CM)
Participants received nonsurgical periodontal treatment and conventional face-to-face oral hygiene education supported by practical demonstrations using a dental model and a written information leaflet.
Education covered periodontal disease, dental plaque, and daily oral hygiene practices, including the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.
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Face-to-face education delivered by a clinician using a dental model and a written information leaflet.
The content covered the causes of periodontal diseases, the role of dental plaque, and daily oral hygiene practices.
Participants received instruction in the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.
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Actieve vergelijker: Three-Dimensional Animation (3DA)
Participants received nonsurgical periodontal treatment and clinician-guided oral hygiene education using DentalMaster three-dimensional educational software.
The educational content covered the causes and clinical signs of periodontal diseases, periodontal treatment, and daily oral care.
General three-dimensional animations illustrated potential gingival recession, periodontal tissue loss, and tooth loss associated with inadequate plaque control.
Participants were instructed in the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.
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Clinician-guided oral hygiene education using DentalMaster three-dimensional educational software.
The content covered the causes and clinical signs of periodontal diseases, periodontal treatment, and daily oral care.
General three-dimensional animations illustrated potential gingival recession, periodontal tissue loss, and tooth loss associated with inadequate plaque control.
Participants received instruction in the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.
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Actieve vergelijker: Periodontal Disease Prediction (PDP)
Participants received nonsurgical periodontal treatment and clinician-guided education on periodontal disease and daily oral care.
Personalized three-dimensional dentogingival models generated from their intraoral scans using the Periodontal Disease Prediction (PDP) system illustrated potential gingival recession and visible tissue changes if periodontal care and plaque control were neglected.
Images were presented as conditional educational scenarios, not individualized prognostic predictions.
Visualization was accompanied by a motivational discussion addressing personal goals and barriers to oral hygiene.
Participants were instructed in the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.
|
Participants viewed general educational animations about periodontal disease, treatment, and daily oral care, followed by personalized three-dimensional dentogingival models generated from their own intraoral scans using the Periodontal Disease Prediction (PDP) system.
The models illustrated potential gingival recession and visible periodontal tissue changes if periodontal care and daily plaque control were neglected.
These images were presented as conditional educational scenarios, not individualized prognostic predictions.
A clinician-guided motivational discussion addressed personal goals and barriers to oral hygiene.
Participants also received instruction in the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.
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Wat meet het onderzoek?
Primaire uitkomstmaten
Uitkomstmaat |
Maatregel Beschrijving |
Tijdsspanne |
|---|---|---|
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Change in Full-Mouth Rustogi Modified Navy Plaque Index From Baseline to Week 6
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and 6 weeks
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Dental plaque was assessed using the Rustogi Modified Navy Plaque Index (RMNPI) after application of a plaque-disclosing agent.
The facial and lingual/palatal surfaces of each eligible tooth were divided into nine areas, scored as 0 for absence of plaque or 1 for presence of plaque.
The full-mouth score was calculated as the proportion of assessed areas with plaque, ranging from 0 to 1, with higher scores indicating more plaque.
Third molars and teeth with crowns or cervical restorations were excluded.
Change was calculated as the week 6 score minus the baseline score; negative values indicate improvement.
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Baseline and 6 weeks
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Secundaire uitkomstmaten
Uitkomstmaat |
Maatregel Beschrijving |
Tijdsspanne |
|---|---|---|
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Change in Full-Mouth Gingival Index From Baseline to Week 6
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and 6 weeks
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Gingival inflammation was assessed using the Löe and Silness Gingival Index at four sites around each tooth.
Scores range from 0 to 3, with higher scores indicating more severe gingival inflammation.
A full-mouth mean score was calculated for each participant.
Change was calculated as the week 6 score minus the baseline score; negative values indicate improvement.
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Baseline and 6 weeks
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Change in Full-Mouth Papillary Bleeding Index From Baseline to Week 6
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and 6 weeks
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Interdental gingival bleeding was assessed using the Papillary Bleeding Index (PBI).
Interdental papillae were scored from 0 to 4 according to the severity of bleeding elicited after probing, with higher scores indicating more severe bleeding.
A full-mouth mean score was calculated for each participant.
Change was calculated as the week 6 score minus the baseline score; negative values indicate improvement.
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Baseline and 6 weeks
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Intrinsic Motivation Assessed by the Dental Treatment Motivation Scale
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and 6 weeks
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Intrinsic motivation was assessed using the seven-item intrinsic motivation subscale of the Dental Treatment Motivation Scale (DTMS).
Each item was rated on a five-point Likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree).
The mean item score was calculated, ranging from 1 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater intrinsic motivation.
Scores were assessed at baseline and week 6 and compared among the three study groups.
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Baseline and 6 weeks
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Extrinsic Motivation Assessed by the Dental Treatment Motivation Scale
Tijdsspanne: Baseline and 6 weeks
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Extrinsic motivation was assessed using the eight-item extrinsic motivation subscale of the Dental Treatment Motivation Scale (DTMS).
Each item was rated on a five-point Likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree).
The mean item score was calculated, ranging from 1 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater extrinsic motivation.
Scores were assessed at baseline and week 6 and compared among the three study groups.
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Baseline and 6 weeks
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Medewerkers en onderzoekers
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Sponsor
Studie record data
Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.
Bestudeer belangrijke data
Studie start (Werkelijk)
15 augustus 2021
Primaire voltooiing (Werkelijk)
15 november 2021
Studie voltooiing (Werkelijk)
15 december 2021
Studieregistratiedata
Eerst ingediend
14 september 2026
Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria
14 september 2026
Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)
17 september 2026
Updates van studierecords
Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)
17 september 2026
Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria
14 september 2026
Laatst geverifieerd
1 september 2026
Meer informatie
Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie
Trefwoorden
Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden
Andere studie-ID-nummers
- BAİBU-Perio-ZA-05
Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)
Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?
NEE
Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten
Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel
Nee
Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct
Nee
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