Personalized 3D Visualization for Oral Hygiene and Motivation in Adults With Gingivitis
14 de septiembre de 2026 actualizado por: Zeynep AKGÜL, Abant Izzet Baysal University
This study evaluated whether personalized three-dimensional images of possible future changes in the gums could improve oral hygiene and motivation in adults with gingivitis. Gingivitis is inflammation of the gums associated with dental plaque.
Eighty-four adults aged 18-60 years were randomly assigned to three groups of 28 participants. The groups received conventional oral hygiene education, general three-dimensional educational animations, or personalized three-dimensional visualization using models created from their own intraoral scans. All participants received the same nonsurgical periodontal treatment and instruction in toothbrushing and cleaning between the teeth.
The personalized images illustrated possible gum recession and tissue changes if periodontal care and daily plaque control were neglected. They were educational scenarios, not individual predictions of future disease. Personalized visualization was accompanied by a clinician-guided motivational discussion.
Dental plaque, gum inflammation, gum bleeding, and motivation toward dental treatment were assessed before treatment and six weeks later. The study compared these outcomes among the three educational approaches.
Descripción general del estudio
Estado
Terminado
Condiciones
Tipo de estudio
Intervencionista
Inscripción (Actual)
88
Fase
- No aplica
Contactos y Ubicaciones
Esta sección proporciona los datos de contacto de quienes realizan el estudio e información sobre dónde se lleva a cabo este estudio.
Ubicaciones de estudio
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Central
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Bolu, Central, Turquía (Türkiye), 14100
- Faculty of Dentistry, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Department of Periodontics
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Criterios de participación
Los investigadores buscan personas que se ajusten a una determinada descripción, denominada criterio de elegibilidad. Algunos ejemplos de estos criterios son el estado de salud general de una persona o tratamientos previos.
Criterio de elegibilidad
Edades elegibles para estudiar
- Adulto
Acepta Voluntarios Saludables
Sí
Descripción
Inclusion Criteria:
- Adults aged 18-60 years. Systemically healthy. Diagnosis of gingivitis according to the 2017 World Workshop classification. At least 20 natural teeth, excluding third molars. At least 12 years of formal education. Turkish as the native language. Probing depths ≤3 mm. Bleeding on probing at more than 10% of sites. Visible plaque at more than 50% of sites. Provision of written informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Dentists or dental students. Previous periodontal treatment or structured oral hygiene education. Use of antibiotics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs within the preceding 3 months.
Generalized gingival recession or dentin hypersensitivity. Full-arch fixed or removable prostheses. Acute odontogenic infections. Overhanging or defective restorations, or root caries that could affect oral hygiene practices.
Active orthodontic treatment. Communicable diseases such as hepatitis or HIV infection. Cognitive, systemic, or physical conditions that could interfere with understanding the educational content or performing oral hygiene practices.
Plan de estudios
Esta sección proporciona detalles del plan de estudio, incluido cómo está diseñado el estudio y qué mide el estudio.
¿Cómo está diseñado el estudio?
Detalles de diseño
- Propósito principal: Tratamiento
- Asignación: Aleatorizado
- Modelo Intervencionista: Asignación paralela
- Enmascaramiento: Doble
Armas e Intervenciones
Grupo de participantes/brazo |
Intervención / Tratamiento |
|---|---|
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Comparador activo: Conventional Method (CM)
Participants received nonsurgical periodontal treatment and conventional face-to-face oral hygiene education supported by practical demonstrations using a dental model and a written information leaflet.
Education covered periodontal disease, dental plaque, and daily oral hygiene practices, including the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.
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Face-to-face education delivered by a clinician using a dental model and a written information leaflet.
The content covered the causes of periodontal diseases, the role of dental plaque, and daily oral hygiene practices.
Participants received instruction in the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.
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Comparador activo: Three-Dimensional Animation (3DA)
Participants received nonsurgical periodontal treatment and clinician-guided oral hygiene education using DentalMaster three-dimensional educational software.
The educational content covered the causes and clinical signs of periodontal diseases, periodontal treatment, and daily oral care.
General three-dimensional animations illustrated potential gingival recession, periodontal tissue loss, and tooth loss associated with inadequate plaque control.
Participants were instructed in the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.
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Clinician-guided oral hygiene education using DentalMaster three-dimensional educational software.
The content covered the causes and clinical signs of periodontal diseases, periodontal treatment, and daily oral care.
General three-dimensional animations illustrated potential gingival recession, periodontal tissue loss, and tooth loss associated with inadequate plaque control.
Participants received instruction in the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.
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Comparador activo: Periodontal Disease Prediction (PDP)
Participants received nonsurgical periodontal treatment and clinician-guided education on periodontal disease and daily oral care.
Personalized three-dimensional dentogingival models generated from their intraoral scans using the Periodontal Disease Prediction (PDP) system illustrated potential gingival recession and visible tissue changes if periodontal care and plaque control were neglected.
Images were presented as conditional educational scenarios, not individualized prognostic predictions.
Visualization was accompanied by a motivational discussion addressing personal goals and barriers to oral hygiene.
Participants were instructed in the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.
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Participants viewed general educational animations about periodontal disease, treatment, and daily oral care, followed by personalized three-dimensional dentogingival models generated from their own intraoral scans using the Periodontal Disease Prediction (PDP) system.
The models illustrated potential gingival recession and visible periodontal tissue changes if periodontal care and daily plaque control were neglected.
These images were presented as conditional educational scenarios, not individualized prognostic predictions.
A clinician-guided motivational discussion addressed personal goals and barriers to oral hygiene.
Participants also received instruction in the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.
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¿Qué mide el estudio?
Medidas de resultado primarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
|---|---|---|
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Change in Full-Mouth Rustogi Modified Navy Plaque Index From Baseline to Week 6
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and 6 weeks
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Dental plaque was assessed using the Rustogi Modified Navy Plaque Index (RMNPI) after application of a plaque-disclosing agent.
The facial and lingual/palatal surfaces of each eligible tooth were divided into nine areas, scored as 0 for absence of plaque or 1 for presence of plaque.
The full-mouth score was calculated as the proportion of assessed areas with plaque, ranging from 0 to 1, with higher scores indicating more plaque.
Third molars and teeth with crowns or cervical restorations were excluded.
Change was calculated as the week 6 score minus the baseline score; negative values indicate improvement.
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Baseline and 6 weeks
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Medidas de resultado secundarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
|---|---|---|
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Change in Full-Mouth Gingival Index From Baseline to Week 6
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and 6 weeks
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Gingival inflammation was assessed using the Löe and Silness Gingival Index at four sites around each tooth.
Scores range from 0 to 3, with higher scores indicating more severe gingival inflammation.
A full-mouth mean score was calculated for each participant.
Change was calculated as the week 6 score minus the baseline score; negative values indicate improvement.
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Baseline and 6 weeks
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Change in Full-Mouth Papillary Bleeding Index From Baseline to Week 6
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and 6 weeks
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Interdental gingival bleeding was assessed using the Papillary Bleeding Index (PBI).
Interdental papillae were scored from 0 to 4 according to the severity of bleeding elicited after probing, with higher scores indicating more severe bleeding.
A full-mouth mean score was calculated for each participant.
Change was calculated as the week 6 score minus the baseline score; negative values indicate improvement.
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Baseline and 6 weeks
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Intrinsic Motivation Assessed by the Dental Treatment Motivation Scale
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and 6 weeks
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Intrinsic motivation was assessed using the seven-item intrinsic motivation subscale of the Dental Treatment Motivation Scale (DTMS).
Each item was rated on a five-point Likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree).
The mean item score was calculated, ranging from 1 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater intrinsic motivation.
Scores were assessed at baseline and week 6 and compared among the three study groups.
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Baseline and 6 weeks
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Extrinsic Motivation Assessed by the Dental Treatment Motivation Scale
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and 6 weeks
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Extrinsic motivation was assessed using the eight-item extrinsic motivation subscale of the Dental Treatment Motivation Scale (DTMS).
Each item was rated on a five-point Likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree).
The mean item score was calculated, ranging from 1 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater extrinsic motivation.
Scores were assessed at baseline and week 6 and compared among the three study groups.
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Baseline and 6 weeks
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Colaboradores e Investigadores
Aquí es donde encontrará personas y organizaciones involucradas en este estudio.
Patrocinador
Fechas de registro del estudio
Estas fechas rastrean el progreso del registro del estudio y los envíos de resultados resumidos a ClinicalTrials.gov. Los registros del estudio y los resultados informados son revisados por la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (NLM) para asegurarse de que cumplan con los estándares de control de calidad específicos antes de publicarlos en el sitio web público.
Fechas importantes del estudio
Inicio del estudio (Actual)
15 de agosto de 2021
Finalización primaria (Actual)
15 de noviembre de 2021
Finalización del estudio (Actual)
15 de diciembre de 2021
Fechas de registro del estudio
Enviado por primera vez
14 de septiembre de 2026
Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
14 de septiembre de 2026
Publicado por primera vez (Actual)
17 de septiembre de 2026
Actualizaciones de registros de estudio
Última actualización publicada (Actual)
17 de septiembre de 2026
Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
14 de septiembre de 2026
Última verificación
1 de septiembre de 2026
Más información
Términos relacionados con este estudio
Palabras clave
Términos MeSH relevantes adicionales
Otros números de identificación del estudio
- BAİBU-Perio-ZA-05
Plan de datos de participantes individuales (IPD)
¿Planea compartir datos de participantes individuales (IPD)?
NO
Información sobre medicamentos y dispositivos, documentos del estudio
Estudia un producto farmacéutico regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.
No
Estudia un producto de dispositivo regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.
No
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