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Acute Effects of Rhodiola Rosea and Caffeine on Mean Propulsive Velocity Loss in Resistance Training (Rhocaf2)

4 november 2026 bijgewerkt door: MARINA MEDINA CORRALES

The Acute Effects of 1,000 mg of Rhodiola Rosea and 3 mg/kg of Caffeine on Mean Propulsive Velocity Loss in Advanced Resistance-Trained Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate if combined acute supplementation with Rhodiola rosea and caffeine is superior to single-ingredient intake or placebo in attenuating neuromuscular fatigue in advanced resistance-trained subjects.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

Does combined supplementation attenuate mean propulsive velocity loss during heavy resistance exercise? Does combined supplementation reduce ratings of perceived exertion and increase repetitions performed to failure?

Researchers will compare four experimental conditions (placebo, caffeine alone, Rhodiola rosea alone, and combined supplementation) in a randomized crossover design to see if co-ingestion provides superior anti-fatigue benefits.

Participants will:

Complete a familiarization session to establish individual strength baselines. Attend 4 testing visits separated by a 72-hour washout period. Ingest the assigned treatment before testing. Perform a back squat fatigue protocol (3 sets at 70% 1RM) and complete perceptual evaluations.The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate if combined acute supplementation with Rhodiola rosea and caffeine is superior to single-ingredient intake or placebo in attenuating neuromuscular fatigue in advanced resistance-trained subjects.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

Does combined supplementation attenuate mean propulsive velocity loss during heavy resistance exercise? Does combined supplementation reduce ratings of perceived exertion and increase repetitions performed to failure?

Researchers will compare four experimental conditions (placebo, caffeine alone, Rhodiola rosea alone, and combined supplementation) in a randomized crossover design to see if co-ingestion provides superior anti-fatigue benefits.

Participants will:

Complete a familiarization session to establish individual strength baselines. Attend 4 testing visits separated by a 72-hour washout period. Ingest the assigned treatment before testing. Perform a back squat fatigue protocol (3 sets at 70% 1RM) and complete perceptual evaluations.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Nog niet aan het werven

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

This study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, four-arm crossover trial designed to investigate the acute neuromuscular and ergogenic effects of single and combined supplementation with Rhodiola rosea (1,000 mg) and caffeine (3 mg/kg) in advanced resistance-trained subjects.

Neuromuscular fatigue during heavy resistance training impairs movement velocity, power output, and overall volume performance. While caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant that enhances motor unit recruitment and reduces perceived exertion, Rhodiola rosea is an adaptogen proposed to modulate central monoamines and attenuate fatigue during high-intensity effort. This protocol evaluates whether co-ingestion provides a synergistic advantage over isolated administration or placebo in maintaining movement execution quality and accelerating acute recovery.

Study Procedures:

Familiarization Session: Prior to the experimental trials, participants complete a familiarization session to establish baseline measurements and estimate 1-repetition maximum (1RM) in the barbell back squat using a two-point load-velocity method (using loads corresponding to ~1.0 m/s and ~0.5 m/s) with a linear position transducer.

Experimental Trials (4 Visits): Participants complete four experimental testing visits in a randomized, counterbalanced order, separated by a 72-hour washout period.

During each of the 4 experimental visits, participants complete the following sequence:

Supplement Ingestion: Double-blind administration of the assigned treatment:

Rhodiola placebo consists of opaque cornstarch capsules. Caffeine placebo consists of a 60 mL liquid solution containing sweetener, 3 g of sugar, and 1 g of citric acid.

Active conditions consist of 1,000 mg of Rhodiola rosea and/or 3 mg/kg of caffeine.

Pre-Exercise Evaluation: Completion of baseline perceptual questionnaires. Velocity Determination: Identification of the exact load corresponding to a Mean Propulsive Velocity (MPV) of 1.0 ± 0.03 m/s in the back squat.

Acute Fatigue Protocol: Execution of 3 sets at 70% estimated 1RM in the back squat performed to muscular failure, recording total repetitions and velocity loss across sets.

Post-Fatigue Velocity Recovery: Re-assessment of MPV using the pre-determined 1.0 m/s load at exactly 1 minute and 2 minutes post-fatigue protocol to evaluate acute neuromuscular fatigue and velocity recovery.

Perceptual Evaluation: Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) recorded post-exercise.

Studietype

Ingrijpend

Inschrijving (Geschat)

20

Fase

  • Niet toepasbaar

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studiecontact

Studie Contact Back-up

Studie Locaties

  • Mexico
    • Nuevo León
      • San Nicolás, Nuevo León, Mexico, 66455
        • Faculty of Sports Organization, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon
        • Contact:

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

18 jaar tot 35 jaar (Volwassen)

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Ja

Geslachten die in aanmerking komen voor studie

Allemaal

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Healthy males and females.
  • Advanced resistance training experience (as defined by Santos et al., 2021): 1 to 3 years of consistent resistance training experience, demonstrating proper barbell back squat technique.
  • Relative maximum strength (estimated 1RM back squat): Minimum of 150% of body mass for men, and 130% of body mass for women.
  • Habitual caffeine consumers (e.g., daily intake via coffee, tea, sports gels, or energy drinks).
  • Commitment to maintaining current nutritional habits and training routines throughout the study period.
  • Ensured stable consumption of dietary supplements with cumulative effects (e.g., creatine, beta-alanine, nitrates, citrulline, betaine) for at least one month prior to and throughout the experimental protocol, with a commitment to not alter the dosage. Intake will be recorded and standardized.
  • Availability to attend all scheduled evaluations.
  • Provision of written informed consent validating full understanding of the study protocols.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Presence of cardiovascular diseases (e.g., arterial hypertension, arrhythmias) or metabolic disorders (e.g., type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus).
  • At least one affirmative response on the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire for Everyone (PAR-Q+).
  • History of anabolic steroid use (less than 4 years) or use of World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) prohibited performance-enhancing substances.
  • Consumption of supplements with acute ergogenic effects (e.g., coffee, energy drinks, pre-workout supplements) within 12 hours prior to testing sessions, or failure to comply with a minimum 4-hour fasting period prior to the experimental session. (Note: Subjects violating these criteria will have their session rescheduled).

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Primair doel: Fundamentele wetenschap
  • Toewijzing: Gerandomiseerd
  • Interventioneel model: Crossover-opdracht
  • Masker: Dubbele

Wapens en interventies

Deelnemersgroep / Arm
Interventie / Behandeling
Placebo-vergelijker: Placebo

Placebo condition consisting of opaque cornstarch capsules and a 60 mL placebo liquid solution.
Ander: Rhodiola Placebo

Opaque cornstarch capsules matching the active Rhodiola capsules.

Ander: Caffeine Placebo

60 mL liquid solution containing sweetener, 3 g of sugar, and 1 g of citric acid.
Experimenteel: Caffeine

Single administration of caffeine alongside placebo capsules.
Ander: Rhodiola Placebo

Opaque cornstarch capsules matching the active Rhodiola capsules.

Voedingssupplement: Caffeine

3 mg/kg of caffeine administered in a 60 mL liquid solution.
Experimenteel: Rhodiola rosea

Single administration of Rhodiola rosea alongside placebo liquid solution.
Ander: Caffeine Placebo

60 mL liquid solution containing sweetener, 3 g of sugar, and 1 g of citric acid.

Voedingssupplement: Rhodiola Rosea Capsules

1,000 mg of Rhodiola rosea administered in opaque capsules.
Experimenteel: Rhodiola rosea + Caffeine

Combined administration of Rhodiola rosea and caffeine.
Voedingssupplement: Caffeine

3 mg/kg of caffeine administered in a 60 mL liquid solution.

Voedingssupplement: Rhodiola Rosea Capsules

1,000 mg of Rhodiola rosea administered in opaque capsules.

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Percentage Loss in Mean Propulsive Velocity (MPV)
Tijdsspanne: Baseline (pre-fatigue), 1 minute, and 2 minutes post-fatiguing exercise protocol, up to 2 weeks.

Percentage loss in mean propulsive velocity (MPV) following the fatiguing protocol. MPV is assessed during the barbell back squat using an individualized load corresponding to an initial velocity of 1.0 ± 0.03 m/s, recorded via a linear position transducer. Percentage loss is calculated relative to pre-fatigue baseline as: [(baseline MPV - post-fatigue MPV) / baseline MPV] × 100. The fatiguing protocol consists of 3 sets to failure at 70% 1RM.
Baseline (pre-fatigue), 1 minute, and 2 minutes post-fatiguing exercise protocol, up to 2 weeks.

Secundaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Total Number of Repetitions to Failure
Tijdsspanne: Immediately upon completion of the fatiguing exercise protocol, up to 2 weeks

Cumulative number of successful repetitions completed across 3 sets at 70% 1RM performed to momentary muscular failure during the fatiguing protocol. Data are reported as the total number of repetitions completed per experimental condition.
Immediately upon completion of the fatiguing exercise protocol, up to 2 weeks
Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE)
Tijdsspanne: Immediately, 1 minute, and 2 minutes post-fatiguing exercise protocol, up to 2 weeks

Subjective perception of effort assessed using a standardized RPE scale immediately following the fatiguing protocol to quantify internal load.
Immediately, 1 minute, and 2 minutes post-fatiguing exercise protocol, up to 2 weeks

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

MARINA MEDINA CORRALES

Onderzoekers

  • Studie stoel: José Raúl Hoyos Flores, PhD, Faculty of Sports Organization, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon
  • Studie directeur: Marina Medina Corrales, PhD, Faculty of Sports Organization, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon
  • Studie stoel: Myriam Zaraí García Dávila, PhD, Faculty of Sports Organization, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Geschat)

12 oktober 2026

Primaire voltooiing (Geschat)

6 november 2026

Studie voltooiing (Geschat)

1 december 2026

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

26 september 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

4 november 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

9 november 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

9 november 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

4 november 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 november 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Trefwoorden

Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • CEIFOD 0125028

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

JA

IPD-tijdsbestek voor delen

Data will become available after publication of the main manuscript in a peer-reviewed journal and will remain accessible indefinitely.

IPD-toegangscriteria voor delen

Data and supporting materials will be publicly accessible via the Open Science Framework (OSF) repository to any researcher interested in secondary or meta-analysis.

IPD delen Ondersteunend informatietype

  • ICF
  • ANALYTIC_CODE

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

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