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Bone Deterioration After Kidney Transplantation Assessed by DXA and HR-pQCT (DXACT)

6 november 2026 bijgewerkt door: Medical University Innsbruck

Prospective Imaging-based Assessment of Skeletal Deterioration After Kidney Transplantation Using DXA and HR-pQCT (DXACT Study)

The goal of this observational study is to learn how bone health changes during the first year after kidney transplantation in adults receiving their first kidney transplant.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

  • How many patients show a clinically relevant decline in bone density or bone structure within 12 months after transplantation?
  • Does a standard bone density scan (DXA) detect these changes as well as a high-resolution scan of bone structure (HR-pQCT)?

Participants will:

  • Have a DXA scan of the lower spine, hip and forearm and an HR-pQCT scan of the forearm and lower leg shortly after transplantation and again after 12 months. Participants followed up in Innsbruck may also have these scans after 6 months.
  • Give blood and urine samples at the same visits, taken together with routine blood tests whenever possible, for bone and mineral markers and storage in a biobank.

The study does not change any treatment. All treatment decisions remain with the patients' physicians.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Werving

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

Bone mineral density declines rapidly during the first 6-12 months after kidney transplantation, driven by glucocorticoid exposure, persistent chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) and changes in bone turnover. This period coincides with the highest fracture risk. DXA-scans provide areal bone mineral density only and cannot distinguish cortical from trabecular bone or assess microarchitecture, so it may underestimate early cortical deterioration. HR-pQCT measures volumetric bone mineral density, cortical and trabecular microarchitecture and, by finite element analysis, estimated bone strength.

DXACT is an investigator-initiated, prospective, single-centre observational cohort study at the Medical University of Innsbruck. Baseline clinical and laboratory assessment is performed 7 +/- 2 days and imaging 10 +/- 7 days after transplantation; assessments are repeated at 12 months, with an optional 6-month visit for participants followed locally. HR-pQCT is performed at the distal radius and distal tibia of the dominant side (contralateral side if a vascular access or implant is present); DXA at the lumbar spine (L1-L4), hip and distal radius (33%).

Clinically relevant skeletal deterioration is defined as a change exceeding the least significant change (LSC = 2.77 x precision CV) of the respective modality and parameter. Laboratory assessments include parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxy- and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, calcium, phosphate, P1NP, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, TRAP5b, CTX, osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin. EDTA plasma and urine are stored in a pseudonymised biobank at -80 °C.

Analyses are primarily descriptive and exploratory. Planned analyses include agreement and discordance between DXA- and HR-pQCT-based classification, associations of imaging changes with biochemical markers and clinical factors (age, sex, dialysis vintage, cumulative glucocorticoid dose, rejection, graft function), and comparison by graft function at 12 months. Incident fragility fractures beyond 12 months may be retrieved from routine clinical records without further participant contact.

Studietype

Observationeel

Inschrijving (Geschat)

100

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studiecontact

Studie Contact Back-up

Studie Locaties

  • Oostenrijk
    • Tyrol
      • Innsbruck, Tyrol, Oostenrijk, 6020
        • Werving
        • Medical University of Innsbruck, Department of Internal Medicine IV, Nephrology and Hypertension
        • Contact:
        • Contact:
        • Hoofdonderzoeker:
          • Andreas Kronbichler, MD, PhD
        • Onderonderzoeker:
          • Clemens Untersulzner, MD

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

18 jaar en ouder (Volwassen, Oudere volwassene)

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Nee

Geslachten die in aanmerking komen voor studie

Allemaal

Bemonsteringsmethode

Niet-waarschijnlijkheidssteekproef

Studie Bevolking

Adult recipients of a first kidney transplant (living or deceased donor) treated at the Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria, who are approached by the study team within 10 days after transplantation.

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age 18 years or older at the time of kidney transplantation
  • First kidney transplantation (living or deceased donor)
  • Ability and willingness to provide written informed consent
  • Enrolment possible within 10 days after kidney transplantation
  • Clinical stability sufficient to undergo imaging procedures

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Previous kidney transplantation
  • Prior or ongoing treatment with antiresorptive or osteoanabolic therapies (e.g. bisphosphonates, denosumab, teriparatide) at the time of transplantation
  • Conditions precluding reliable bone imaging, including metal implants at the measurement sites
  • Contraindications to HR-pQCT or DXA
  • Inability to undergo imaging due to physical or technical limitations
  • Known metabolic bone diseases unrelated to chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD)
  • Any condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would interfere with study participation, data quality or protocol adherence

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Observatiemodellen: COHORT
  • Tijdsperspectieven: PROSPECTIVE

Cohorten en interventies

Groep / Cohort
Interventie / Behandeling
Kidney transplant recipients

Adults (18 years or older) who received a first kidney transplant (living or deceased donor) at the Medical University of Innsbruck and are enrolled within 10 days after transplantation.
Diagnostische toets: DXA and HR-pQCT

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry of the lumbar spine (L1-L4), hip and distal radius (33%) and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography of the distal radius and distal tibia, performed at baseline (10 +/- 7 days after kidney transplantation) and at 12 months, with an optional 6-month visit. Imaging is used for research only; no treatment is assigned.

Andere namen:
  • Röntgenabsorptiometrie met dubbele energie
  • High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography
Ander: Blood and urine sampling

Blood and urine samples at each study visit, taken together with routine blood draws, for markers of bone and mineral metabolism and storage in a biobank.

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Proportion of Participants With Clinically Relevant Skeletal Deterioration on HR-pQCT
Tijdsspanne: Baseline (10 +/- 7 days after transplantation) to 12 months

Deterioration exceeding the least significant change (LSC = 2.77 x precision CV) in at least one of cortical thickness, cortical porosity or finite element-derived failure load at the distal radius or distal tibia.
Baseline (10 +/- 7 days after transplantation) to 12 months
Proportion of Participants With Clinically Relevant Skeletal Deterioration on DXA
Tijdsspanne: Baseline (10 +/- 7 days after transplantation) to 12 months

Decrease in areal bone mineral density exceeding the site-specific least significant change at the lumbar spine (L1-L4), hip or distal radius (33%).
Baseline (10 +/- 7 days after transplantation) to 12 months

Secundaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Change in Cortical Thickness
Tijdsspanne: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute (mm) and relative (%) change in cortical thickness at the distal radius and distal tibia measured by HR-pQCT.
Baseline to 12 months
Change in Cortical Porosity
Tijdsspanne: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute (percentage points) and relative change in cortical porosity at the distal radius and distal tibia measured by HR-pQCT.
Baseline to 12 months
Change in Total Volumetric BMD
Tijdsspanne: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute (mg HA/cm³) and relative (%) change in total volumetric bone mineral density at the distal radius and distal tibia measured by HR-pQCT.
Baseline to 12 months
Change in Cortical Volumetric BMD
Tijdsspanne: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute (mg HA/cm³) and relative (%) change in cortical volumetric bone mineral density at the distal radius and distal tibia measured by HR-pQCT.
Baseline to 12 months
Change in Trabecular Volumetric BMD
Tijdsspanne: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute (mg HA/cm³) and relative (%) change in trabecular volumetric bone mineral density at the distal radius and distal tibia measured by HR-pQCT.
Baseline to 12 months
Change in Trabecular Number
Tijdsspanne: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute (1/mm) and relative (%) change in trabecular number at the distal radius and distal tibia measured by HR-pQCT.
Baseline to 12 months
Change in Trabecular Thickness
Tijdsspanne: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute (mm) and relative (%) change in trabecular thickness at the distal radius and distal tibia measured by HR-pQCT.
Baseline to 12 months
Change in Trabecular Separation
Tijdsspanne: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute (mm) and relative (%) change in trabecular separation at the distal radius and distal tibia measured by HR-pQCT.
Baseline to 12 months
Change in Biochemical Markers of Bone and Mineral Metabolism
Tijdsspanne: Baseline to 12 months

Change in parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, calcium, phosphate, P1NP, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, TRAP5b, CTX, osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin
Baseline to 12 months
Change in Estimated Bone Strength (Failure Load)
Tijdsspanne: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute and relative change in finite element-derived failure load (N) at the distal radius and distal tibia.
Baseline to 12 months
Change in Areal Bone Mineral Density
Tijdsspanne: Baseline to 12 months

Absolute and relative change in areal BMD (g/cm2) at the lumbar spine (L1-L4), total hip, femoral neck and distal radius (33%) measured by DXA.
Baseline to 12 months
Skeletal Changes by Graft Function
Tijdsspanne: 12 months

Comparison of HR-pQCT and DXA changes between participants with eGFR >= 60 and < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (CKD-EPI 2021) at 12 months.
12 months

Andere uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Discordance Between DXA and HR-pQCT Classification
Tijdsspanne: 12 months

Proportion of participants classified differently by DXA and HR-pQCT, in particular stable DXA with deterioration on HR-pQCT.
12 months
Association of Dialysis Vintage With Skeletal Deterioration
Tijdsspanne: Baseline to 12 months

Pre-transplant dialysis duration (continuous; pre-emptive, < 12, >= 12 months) as predictor of imaging-derived skeletal changes.
Baseline to 12 months
Incident Fragility Fractures
Tijdsspanne: Up to 5 years after transplantation

Fragility fractures retrieved from routine clinical records without participant contact.
Up to 5 years after transplantation

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

Medical University Innsbruck

Onderzoekers

  • Hoofdonderzoeker: Andreas Kronbichler, MD, PhD, Medical University Innsbruck

Publicaties en nuttige links

De persoon die verantwoordelijk is voor het invoeren van informatie over het onderzoek stelt deze publicaties vrijwillig ter beschikking. Dit kan gaan over alles wat met het onderzoek te maken heeft.

Algemene publicaties

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Werkelijk)

21 oktober 2026

Primaire voltooiing (Geschat)

31 december 2029

Studie voltooiing (Geschat)

31 december 2029

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

28 oktober 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

6 november 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

13 november 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

13 november 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

6 november 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 oktober 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Trefwoorden

Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • DXACT-003
  • 1140/2026 (Andere identificatie: Ethics Committee of the Medical University of Innsbruck)

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

NEE

Beschrijving IPD-plan

Individual participant data will not be shared publicly, as participant consent does not cover transfer to third parties. De-identified data may be made available by the study lead upon reasonable request, subject to approval by the ethics committee and data protection regulations.

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

Deze informatie is zonder wijzigingen rechtstreeks van de website clinicaltrials.gov gehaald. Als u verzoeken heeft om uw onderzoeksgegevens te wijzigen, te verwijderen of bij te werken, neem dan contact op met register@clinicaltrials.gov. Zodra er een wijziging wordt doorgevoerd op clinicaltrials.gov, wordt deze ook automatisch bijgewerkt op onze website .

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