Effectiveness of an Arabic CPIC-Based Pharmacogenomics Microlearning Program on Community Pharmacists' Clinical Decision-Making in Jordan

Participants allocated to the intervention group received an Arabic CPIC-based pharmacogenomics microlearning program delivered over a 10-day period. The intervention was brief, clinically focused, and suitable for community pharmacy practice. The intervention included four modules:

1. Introduction to pharmacogenomics and its relevance to medication safety.
2. CYP2C19-clopidogrel case-based module. The clopidogrel module was based on the CPIC guideline for CYP2C19 genotype and clopidogrel therapy, which provides recommendations for using CYP2C19 phenotype information when clopidogrel therapy is considered (Lee et al., 2022).
3. CYP2C9/VKORC1-warfarin case-based module. The warfarin module was based on the CPIC guideline for pharmacogenetics-guided warfarin dosing, which discusses the clinical use of CYP2C9, VKORC1, CYP4F2, and rs12777823 genotype information when available (Johnson et al., 2017).
4. Pharmacist communication, referral, and documentation module. Each module included a s

Participants allocated to the intervention group received an Arabic CPIC-based pharmacogenomics microlearning program delivered over a 10-day period. The intervention was brief, clinically focused, and suitable for community pharmacy practice. The intervention included four modules:

1. Introduction to pharmacogenomics and its relevance to medication safety.
2. CYP2C19-clopidogrel case-based module. The clopidogrel module was based on the CPIC guideline for CYP2C19 genotype and clopidogrel therapy, which provides recommendations for using CYP2C19 phenotype information when clopidogrel therapy is considered (Lee et al., 2022).
3. CYP2C9/VKORC1-warfarin case-based module. The warfarin module was based on the CPIC guideline for pharmacogenetics-guided warfarin dosing, which discusses the clinical use of CYP2C9, VKORC1, CYP4F2, and rs12777823 genotype information when available (Johnson et al., 2017).
4. Pharmacist communication, referral, and documentation module. Each module included a sh

Four-week retention outcomes evaluate the sustained effects of the intervention measured at the four-week follow-up. This composite outcome utilizes three separate questionnaire domains:

PGx Knowledge Assessment scale: Ranges from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 10, with higher scores indicating greater PGx knowledge.

Applied PGx Clinical Decision-Making scale (measured via 12 clinical vignettes): Ranges from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 12, with higher scores indicating better applied PGx decision-making.

Combined Confidence and Readiness scale: Ranges from a minimum of 1 to a maximum of 10, with higher scores indicating a greater level of confidence and readiness to interpret and use PGx information in practice.