Cognitive and Emotional Inoculation Against Nutrition-Related Misinformation in Young Adults
4 de setembro de 2026 atualizado por: Beijing Normal University
Cognitive and Emotional Inoculation Against Nutrition-Related Misinformation in Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
This study aims to examine the effects of cognitive and emotional inoculation interventions on young adults' ability to identify and respond to nutrition-related misinformation on social media.
The study will compare two game-based inoculation approaches-a cognitive inoculation intervention and an emotional inoculation intervention-with a control condition.
Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 2 weeks later.
Visão geral do estudo
Status
Ainda não está recrutando
Descrição detalhada
Nutrition-related misinformation is increasingly disseminated through social media and may influence how young adults perceive and make decisions about food, diet, and health. Such misinformation may rely not only on inaccurate or unsupported claims but also on persuasive communication techniques, including appeals to authority, unrealistic promises, fear appeals, conspiracy narratives, and absolute or dichotomous framing. These techniques may influence judgments by eliciting trust, desire, anxiety, anger, or decision-related pressure.
This three-arm randomized controlled trial will compare two game-based inoculation interventions-a cognitive inoculation intervention and an emotional inoculation intervention-with a control condition. Participants will encounter common persuasive techniques used in nutrition-related misinformation and receive condition-specific feedback. The cognitive intervention is designed to promote recognition of misleading techniques and verification of supporting evidence. The emotional intervention is designed to promote recognition of emotional cues associated with manipulative messages and reflection on how such cues may influence judgment. The study will assess participants' responses to nutrition-related social media posts at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 2 weeks later to examine both immediate and sustained effects.
Tipo de estudo
Intervencional
Inscrição (Estimado)
330
Estágio
- Não aplicável
Contactos e Locais
Esta seção fornece os detalhes de contato para aqueles que conduzem o estudo e informações sobre onde este estudo está sendo realizado.
Contato de estudo
- Nome: Xue Weng
- Número de telefone: 3621259
- E-mail: xueweng@bnu.edu.cn
Locais de estudo
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Guangdong
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Zhuhai, Guangdong, China, 519087
- Beijing Normal University
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Critérios de participação
Os pesquisadores procuram pessoas que se encaixem em uma determinada descrição, chamada de critérios de elegibilidade. Alguns exemplos desses critérios são a condição geral de saúde de uma pessoa ou tratamentos anteriores.
Critérios de elegibilidade
Idades elegíveis para estudo
- Adulto
Aceita Voluntários Saudáveis
Não
Descrição
Inclusion Criteria:
- Aged 18 to 30 years.
- Able to read and understand Chinese.
- Able to access and independently complete the online intervention game and study questionnaires.
- Has access to WeChat for study communication and follow-up reminders.
- Provides electronic informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Younger than 18 years or older than 30 years.
- Unable to read Chinese or independently complete the online study procedures.
- Does not provide electronic informed consent.
Plano de estudo
Esta seção fornece detalhes do plano de estudo, incluindo como o estudo é projetado e o que o estudo está medindo.
Como o estudo é projetado?
Detalhes do projeto
- Finalidade Principal: Prevenção
- Alocação: Randomizado
- Modelo Intervencional: Atribuição Paralela
- Mascaramento: Solteiro
Armas e Intervenções
Grupo de Participantes / Braço |
Intervenção / Tratamento |
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Experimental: Cognitive Inoculation
Cognitive Game-Based Inoculation
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Participants will complete a five-level interactive game designed to build resistance to nutrition-related misinformation on social media.
In each level, participants act as a health-content creator and choose between an original social media post and alternative titles that may use misleading persuasive techniques.
The game addresses five techniques: fake authority, impossible expectations, fear appeals, conspiracy framing, and false dichotomies.
After each decision, participants receive cognitive feedback explaining how the misleading technique operates, the linguistic cues that may indicate its use, and how to evaluate whether the claim is supported by verifiable evidence.
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Experimental: Affective Inoculation
Emotional Game-Based Inoculation
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Participants will complete a five-level interactive game designed to build resistance to nutrition-related misinformation on social media.
The game uses the same scenarios and addresses the same five misleading techniques as the cognitive inoculation intervention: fake authority, impossible expectations, fear appeals, conspiracy framing, and false dichotomies.
After each decision, participants receive emotional feedback designed to help them recognize and reflect on the emotional cues triggered by manipulative messages, including unwarranted reassurance, desire, anxiety, anger, and pressure to make extreme choices.
The feedback explains how these emotional responses may influence judgment of nutrition-related information.
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Comparador Ativo: General Nutrition Education
General Nutrition Health Education
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Participants will read eight brief sections of general nutrition health education adapted from the Chinese Dietary Guidelines (2022).
This condition provides credible healthy-diet information without instruction about nutrition-related misinformation, persuasive techniques, evidence verification, fact-checking, or emotional manipulation cues.
The sections cover dietary variety; energy balance and physical activity; fruit and vegetable intake; animal-source foods; limiting salt, oil, sugar, and alcohol; regular meals and adequate hydration; food selection, label reading, and food hygiene; and sustainable dietary practices.
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O que o estudo está medindo?
Medidas de resultados primários
Medida de resultado |
Descrição da medida |
Prazo |
|---|---|---|
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Manipulation-Technique Recognition Accuracy
Prazo: Baseline (T0), immediate post-intervention (T1), and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Change from baseline in the accuracy of recognizing manipulation techniques in nutrition-related social-media information will be assessed using simulated posts containing both misleading and accurate content.
Participants will identify the persuasion or manipulation technique used in each post, or indicate that no misleading technique is present.
Higher scores indicate better recognition accuracy.
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Baseline (T0), immediate post-intervention (T1), and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Perceived Credibility of Nutrition-Related Misinformation
Prazo: Baseline (T0), immediate post-intervention (T1), and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Change from baseline in perceived credibility of nutrition-related misinformation will be assessed using simulated social-media posts about diet and health.
Participants will rate the perceived credibility of each post using a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (not at all credible) to 7 (extremely credible).
Higher scores indicate greater perceived credibility of nutrition-related misinformation, representing a worse outcome.
Lower scores indicate lower perceived credibility of nutrition-related misinformation.
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Baseline (T0), immediate post-intervention (T1), and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Medidas de resultados secundários
Medida de resultado |
Descrição da medida |
Prazo |
|---|---|---|
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Intention to Share Nutrition-Related Misinformation
Prazo: Baseline (T0), immediate post-intervention (T1), and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Change from baseline in willingness to share nutrition-related misinformation will be assessed using simulated social-media posts about diet and health.
Participants will rate their willingness to share the information with others on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (very unlikely) to 7 (very likely).
Higher scores indicate greater intention to share nutrition-related misinformation and represent a worse outcome.
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Baseline (T0), immediate post-intervention (T1), and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Intention to Fact-Check Nutrition-Related Information
Prazo: Baseline (T0), immediate post-intervention (T1), and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Change from baseline in intention to verify nutrition-related information will be assessed using simulated social-media posts about diet and health.
Participants will rate the extent to which they would check whether the information is accurate or supported by reliable evidence on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (very unlikely) to 7 (very likely).
Higher scores indicate greater intention to fact-check nutrition-related information and represent a better outcome.
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Baseline (T0), immediate post-intervention (T1), and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Perceived Manipulativeness
Prazo: Baseline (T0), immediate post-intervention (T1), and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Change from baseline in perceived manipulativeness will be assessed by participants' ratings of the extent to which nutrition-related social-media posts are perceived as deliberately attempting to influence or guide their judgment.
Ratings will be made on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (not at all manipulative) to 7 (extremely manipulative).
Higher scores indicate greater perceived manipulativeness.
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Baseline (T0), immediate post-intervention (T1), and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Perceived Emotional Manipulation
Prazo: Baseline (T0), immediate post-intervention (T1), and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Change from baseline in perceived emotional manipulation will be assessed in response to nutrition-related social-media posts.
Participants will rate the extent to which the posts rely on emotional appeals rather than factual information.Ratings will be made on 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (not at all) to 7 (extremely).
Higher scores indicate greater perceived emotional manipulation.
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Baseline (T0), immediate post-intervention (T1), and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Perceived Threat
Prazo: Baseline (T0), immediate post-intervention (T1), and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Change from baseline in perceived threat will be assessed in response to nutrition-related social-media posts.
Participants will rate the extent to which the posts evoke concerns about personal health.Ratings will be made on 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (not at all) to 7 (extremely).Higher scores indicate greater perceived threat.
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Baseline (T0), immediate post-intervention (T1), and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Counterarguing in Response to Nutrition-Related Misinformation
Prazo: Baseline (T0), immediate post-intervention (T1), and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Change from baseline in counterarguing will be assessed by participants' self-reported tendency to generate thoughts that question, challenge, or critically evaluate the claims made in nutrition-related social-media posts.
Responses will be rated on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree).
Higher scores indicate greater counterarguing and represent a better outcome.
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Baseline (T0), immediate post-intervention (T1), and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Misinformation-Detection Self-Efficacy
Prazo: Baseline (T0) and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Change from baseline in confidence in detecting false, exaggerated, or insufficiently supported nutrition-related information and in verifying its source will be assessed using self-report items rated on 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (not at all confident) to 7 (extremely confident).
Higher scores indicate greater misinformation-detection self-efficacy.
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Baseline (T0) and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Outras medidas de resultado
Medida de resultado |
Descrição da medida |
Prazo |
|---|---|---|
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Critical and Electronic Health Literacy
Prazo: Baseline (T0) and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Change from baseline in critical and electronic health literacy will be assessed using self-report items addressing participants' ability to find, evaluate, and apply online diet- and health-related information, including the ability to identify omissions, exaggeration, or weak evidence.
Responses will be rated on 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree).
Higher scores indicate higher critical and electronic health literacy.
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Baseline (T0) and 2-week follow-up (T2).
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Colaboradores e Investigadores
É aqui que você encontrará pessoas e organizações envolvidas com este estudo.
Patrocinador
Investigadores
- Investigador principal: Xue Weng, Beijing Normal University
Datas de registro do estudo
Essas datas acompanham o progresso do registro do estudo e os envios de resumo dos resultados para ClinicalTrials.gov. Os registros do estudo e os resultados relatados são revisados pela National Library of Medicine (NLM) para garantir que atendam aos padrões específicos de controle de qualidade antes de serem publicados no site público.
Datas Principais do Estudo
Início do estudo (Estimado)
1 de setembro de 2026
Conclusão Primária (Estimado)
30 de dezembro de 2026
Conclusão do estudo (Estimado)
30 de junho de 2027
Datas de inscrição no estudo
Enviado pela primeira vez
31 de agosto de 2026
Enviado pela primeira vez que atendeu aos critérios de CQ
31 de agosto de 2026
Primeira postagem (Real)
3 de setembro de 2026
Atualizações de registro de estudo
Última Atualização Postada (Real)
9 de setembro de 2026
Última atualização enviada que atendeu aos critérios de controle de qualidade
4 de setembro de 2026
Última verificação
1 de setembro de 2026
Mais Informações
Termos relacionados a este estudo
Palavras-chave
Termos MeSH relevantes adicionais
Outros números de identificação do estudo
- Nutrition Misinformation Trial
Plano para dados de participantes individuais (IPD)
Planeja compartilhar dados de participantes individuais (IPD)?
NÃO
Informações sobre medicamentos e dispositivos, documentos de estudo
Estuda um medicamento regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA
Não
Estuda um produto de dispositivo regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA
Não
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