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The Effect of Virtual Reality Headset and Hand Massage on Pain, Anxiety, Patient Satisfaction, and Physiological Parameters in Patients Who Have Undergone Abdominal Surgery

7 de novembro de 2026 atualizado por: Gizem Göktuna, Dokuz Eylul University

The Effect of Virtual Reality Headset and Hand Massage on Pain, Anxiety, Patient Satisfaction, and Physiological Parameters in Patients Who Have Undergone Abdominal Surgery: A Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the effects of using a virtual reality headset and conventional hand massage on pain, anxiety, patient satisfaction, and physiological parameters in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Participants will be randomly assigned to three groups: the virtual reality group, the conventional hand massage group, and the control group. Pain levels, anxiety levels, satisfaction levels, and physiological parameters will be assessed both before and after the procedure. The study aims to determine whether these non-pharmacological methods improve postoperative pain, anxiety, patient satisfaction, and physiological parameters.

Visão geral do estudo

Status

Ainda não está recrutando

Condições

Intervenção / Tratamento

Tipo de estudo

Intervencional

Inscrição (Estimado)

66

Estágio

  • Não aplicável

Contactos e Locais

Esta seção fornece os detalhes de contato para aqueles que conduzem o estudo e informações sobre onde este estudo está sendo realizado.

Contato de estudo

Locais de estudo

Critérios de participação

Os pesquisadores procuram pessoas que se encaixem em uma determinada descrição, chamada de critérios de elegibilidade. Alguns exemplos desses critérios são a condição geral de saúde de uma pessoa ou tratamentos anteriores.

Critérios de elegibilidade

Idades elegíveis para estudo

18 anos e mais velhos (Adulto, Adulto mais velho)

Aceita Voluntários Saudáveis

Não

Gêneros Elegíveis para o Estudo

Tudo

Descrição

Inclusion Criteria:

  • • Aged 18 and older

    • Who have not previously undergone abdominal surgery
    • Who underwent elective surgery
    • Who had a numerical pain scale score of 3 or higher prior to the procedure
    • Possessing the cognitive ability to tolerate the virtual reality headset application
    • Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study
    • Patients on the second postoperative day
    • No history of chronic pain (e.g., arthritis)
    • Patients who are alert and oriented enough to communicate (Glasgow Coma Scale 15)
    • Patients with normal vision and hearing
    • Patients suitable for hand massage
    • Patients who are not addicted to alcohol or drugs
    • Patients not taking anxiolytics
    • Patients who can read and understand Turkish

Exclusion Criteria:

  • • Those under the age of 18

    • Those with vision or hearing loss
    • Those who are not clinically stable
    • Those who have undergone emergency surgery
    • Those with a known history of epilepsy, vertigo, or limited mobility
    • Those with surgical incisions or wounds in the facial area that prevent them from wearing VR goggles
    • Those using chronic opioids or psychiatric medications
    • Individuals with open wounds, burns, infections, phlebitis, ecchymosis, hematomas, or fractures on their hands
    • Patients with an intravenous catheter in their hand
    • Those who wish to withdraw from the study during the research period

Plano de estudo

Esta seção fornece detalhes do plano de estudo, incluindo como o estudo é projetado e o que o estudo está medindo.

Como o estudo é projetado?

Detalhes do projeto

  • Finalidade Principal: Cuidados de suporte
  • Alocação: Randomizado
  • Modelo Intervencional: Atribuição Paralela
  • Mascaramento: Dobro

Armas e Intervenções

Grupo de Participantes / Braço
Intervenção / Tratamento
Experimental: Virtual Reality Group

Immediately before the procedure, the fourth researcher will administer the Numerical Pain Scale, the State Anxiety Scale, the Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and the Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form to patients on the second postoperative day at the clinic. Next, the second researcher will fit the patient with a virtual reality headset, and the patient will watch nature-themed videos-such as forest scenes, beach walks, and parks-for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes, the virtual reality session will end. Immediately after the intervention and 30 minutes later, the fourth researcher will have the patients complete the Numerical Pain Scale, State Anxiety Scale, Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form.
Comportamental: Virtual Reality Glasses

Immediately before the procedure, the fourth researcher will administer the Numerical Pain Scale, the State Anxiety Scale, the Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and the Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form to patients on the second postoperative day at the clinic. Next, the second researcher will fit the patient with a virtual reality headset, and the patient will watch nature-themed videos-such as forest scenes, beach walks, and parks-for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes, the virtual reality session will end. Immediately after the intervention and 30 minutes later, the fourth researcher will have the patients complete the Numerical Pain Scale, State Anxiety Scale, Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form. This distraction technique aims to reduce pain perception and anxiety levels, increase patient satisfaction during the procedure, and improve physiological parameters.

Outros nomes:
  • Óculos de Realidade Virtual
Experimental: Classic Hand Massage Group

Immediately before the intervention, the fourth researcher will administer the Numerical Pain Scale, State Anxiety Scale, Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form to patients on the second postoperative day at the clinic. Next, the second researcher will perform a classic hand massage for a total of 15 minutes-7.5 minutes on the right hand followed by 7.5 minutes on the left hand. After 15 minutes, the classical hand massage will be discontinued. Immediately after the intervention and 30 minutes later, the fourth researcher will have the patients complete the Numerical Pain Scale, State Anxiety Scale, Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form.
Comportamental: Classic Hand Massage

Immediately before the intervention, the fourth researcher will administer the Numerical Pain Scale, State Anxiety Scale, Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form to patients on the second postoperative day at the clinic. Next, the second researcher will perform a classic hand massage for a total of 15 minutes-7.5 minutes on the right hand followed by 7.5 minutes on the left hand. After 15 minutes, the classical hand massage will be discontinued. Immediately after the intervention and 30 minutes later, the fourth researcher will have the patients complete the Numerical Pain Scale, State Anxiety Scale, Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form. This distraction technique aims to reduce pain perception and anxiety levels, increase patient satisfaction during the procedure, and improve physiological parameters.

Outros nomes:
  • Hand Massage
Sem intervenção: Control Group

During the initial patient encounter, the fourth researcher will administer the Numerical Pain Scale, the State Anxiety Scale, the Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and the Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form. In routine clinical practice, care will be continued by the nurse responsible for the patient's care. The second researcher will not perform any additional interventions. At the same time as the group receiving the virtual reality headset application and conventional hand massage, the fourth researcher will have the patients complete the Numerical Pain Scale, State Anxiety Scale, Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form.

O que o estudo está medindo?

Medidas de resultados primários

Medida de resultado
Descrição da medida
Prazo
Postoperative pain
Prazo: The second day after surgery, immediately before the procedure, immediately after the procedure, and 30 minutes later.

Pain intensity will be measured using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (the most severe pain possible). Measurements will be taken three times: on the second day after surgery, immediately before the procedure, immediately after the procedure, and 30 minutes later.
The second day after surgery, immediately before the procedure, immediately after the procedure, and 30 minutes later.

Medidas de resultados secundários

Medida de resultado
Descrição da medida
Prazo
Postoperative anxiety levels
Prazo: The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.

Anxiety levels will be assessed using the Situational Anxiety Inventory - Short Form (STAIS-S). This scale measures temporary anxiety levels. Scores range from 20 to 80. Measurements will be taken three times: on the second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure. Higher scores indicate higher (worse) anxiety levels.
The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.
Post-surgery satisfaction levels
Prazo: The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.

Patient satisfaction will be assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (not at all satisfied) to 10 (extremely satisfied). Measurements will be taken three times: on the second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure. Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction.
The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.
Systolic Blood Pressure
Prazo: The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.

Systolic blood pressure will be measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). Higher values indicate higher systolic blood pressure.
The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.
Diastolic Blood Pressure
Prazo: The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.

Diastolic blood pressure will be measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). Higher values indicate higher diastolic blood pressure.
The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.
Pulse Rate
Prazo: The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.

Pulse rate will be measured in beats per minute (beats/min).
The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.
Respiratory Rate
Prazo: The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.

Respiratory rate will be measured in breaths per minute (breaths/min).
The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.

Colaboradores e Investigadores

É aqui que você encontrará pessoas e organizações envolvidas com este estudo.

Patrocinador

Dokuz Eylul University

Datas de registro do estudo

Essas datas acompanham o progresso do registro do estudo e os envios de resumo dos resultados para ClinicalTrials.gov. Os registros do estudo e os resultados relatados são revisados ​​pela National Library of Medicine (NLM) para garantir que atendam aos padrões específicos de controle de qualidade antes de serem publicados no site público.

Datas Principais do Estudo

Início do estudo (Estimado)

5 de novembro de 2026

Conclusão Primária (Estimado)

1 de março de 2027

Conclusão do estudo (Estimado)

1 de março de 2027

Datas de inscrição no estudo

Enviado pela primeira vez

3 de novembro de 2026

Enviado pela primeira vez que atendeu aos critérios de CQ

7 de novembro de 2026

Primeira postagem (Real)

10 de novembro de 2026

Atualizações de registro de estudo

Última Atualização Postada (Real)

10 de novembro de 2026

Última atualização enviada que atendeu aos critérios de controle de qualidade

7 de novembro de 2026

Última verificação

1 de outubro de 2026

Mais Informações

Termos relacionados a este estudo

Palavras-chave

Termos MeSH relevantes adicionais

Outros números de identificação do estudo

  • 2026/37-04

Informações sobre medicamentos e dispositivos, documentos de estudo

Estuda um medicamento regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA

Não

Estuda um produto de dispositivo regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA

Não

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