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Exercise Metrics and Perfusion Indices in CoRonary Microvascular Dysfunction: A Multimodal Correlative Study in ANOCA and HFpEF Patients (EMPIRE-Trial)

8 de novembro de 2026 atualizado por: Muhammed Gerçek, Heart and Diabetes Center North-Rhine Westfalia

Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) has emerged as a key pathophysiological mechanism underlying symptoms in patients with angina and/or exertional dyspnea, particu-larly in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease. CMD is prevalent in both ANOCA (Angina with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries) and HFpEF (Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction), and is associated with poor clinical outcomes, including hospitalization and mortality. However, CMD remains frequently underdiagnosed due to the lack of simple, non-invasive diagnostic tools and the complexity of invasive assessment techniques such as the Index of Microcirculatory Resistance (IMR) and corrected Fractional Flow Reserve (cFR).

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and echocardiography are widely accessible and routinely used modalities that may reflect hemodynamic consequences of CMD. CPET pro-vides a comprehensive assessment of cardiopulmonary performance and exercise tolerance, while echocardiography allows for non-invasive evaluation of diastolic function, left atrial pressure, and right heart-pulmonary interactions. Nevertheless, the extent to which these measures correlate with invasive CMD parameters has not been systematically studied.

Visão geral do estudo

Status

Recrutamento

Condições

Intervenção / Tratamento

Tipo de estudo

Intervencional

Inscrição (Estimado)

120

Estágio

  • Não aplicável

Contactos e Locais

Esta seção fornece os detalhes de contato para aqueles que conduzem o estudo e informações sobre onde este estudo está sendo realizado.

Contato de estudo

Locais de estudo

  • Alemanha
    • North Rhine-Westphalia
      • Bad Oeynhausen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Alemanha, 32545

Critérios de participação

Os pesquisadores procuram pessoas que se encaixem em uma determinada descrição, chamada de critérios de elegibilidade. Alguns exemplos desses critérios são a condição geral de saúde de uma pessoa ou tratamentos anteriores.

Critérios de elegibilidade

Idades elegíveis para estudo

  • Filho
  • Adulto
  • Adulto mais velho

Aceita Voluntários Saudáveis

Não

Gêneros Elegíveis para o Estudo

Tudo

Descrição

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age ≥ 18 years
  • Absence of obstructive coronary artery disease (stenosis <50% or FFR >0.80)
  • No sign of HFpEF or microvascular dysfunction history of angina, dyspnea, or heart failure
  • Undergoing CPET and echocardiography
  • No structural or ischemic heart disease
  • Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • • Significant structural heart disease (e.g., severe valvular disease)

    • Severe pulmonary disease (e.g., COPD GOLD III-IV, interstitial lung disease)
    • Acute coronary syndrome within the past 3 months
    • Inability to perform exercise testing

Plano de estudo

Esta seção fornece detalhes do plano de estudo, incluindo como o estudo é projetado e o que o estudo está medindo.

Como o estudo é projetado?

Detalhes do projeto

  • Finalidade Principal: Diagnóstico
  • Alocação: Não randomizado
  • Modelo Intervencional: Atribuição Paralela
  • Mascaramento: Nenhum (rótulo aberto)

Armas e Intervenções

Grupo de Participantes / Braço
Intervenção / Tratamento
Outro: patients with ANOCA or HFpEF

Patients with angina and/or exertional dyspnea without obstructive coronary artery disease (ANOCA or HFpEF phenotype).
Teste de diagnostico: All participants will undergo cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), transthoracic echocardiography, and invasive coronary angiography with functional microvascular assessment (IMR, cFR, RFR). No in

This is a prospective, observational, controlled cohort study including patients with suspected coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) presenting as ANOCA or HFpEF and asymptomatic control individuals without evidence of coronary or myocardial disease, microvascular dysfunction or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. All participants will undergo cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), transthoracic echocardiography, and invasive coronary angiography with functional microvascular assessment (IMR, cFR, RFR). No interventions outside of standard clinical care will be performed. Comparative analyses will focus on correlations between CPET parameters, echocardiographic markers, and invasive microvascular indices, as well as differences between symptomatic patients and controls.

The study will include:

  • Patients with angina and/or exertional dyspnea without obstructive coronary artery disease (ANOCA or HFpEF phenotype).
  • Control individuals without evidence of coronary or my
Outro: control participants

Control individuals without evidence of coronary or myocardial disease, microvascular dysfunction or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Teste de diagnostico: All participants will undergo cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), transthoracic echocardiography, and invasive coronary angiography with functional microvascular assessment (IMR, cFR, RFR). No in

This is a prospective, observational, controlled cohort study including patients with suspected coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) presenting as ANOCA or HFpEF and asymptomatic control individuals without evidence of coronary or myocardial disease, microvascular dysfunction or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. All participants will undergo cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), transthoracic echocardiography, and invasive coronary angiography with functional microvascular assessment (IMR, cFR, RFR). No interventions outside of standard clinical care will be performed. Comparative analyses will focus on correlations between CPET parameters, echocardiographic markers, and invasive microvascular indices, as well as differences between symptomatic patients and controls.

The study will include:

  • Patients with angina and/or exertional dyspnea without obstructive coronary artery disease (ANOCA or HFpEF phenotype).
  • Control individuals without evidence of coronary or my

O que o estudo está medindo?

Medidas de resultados primários

Medida de resultado
Descrição da medida
Prazo
Correlation Between Peak Oxygen Uptake (VO₂peak) and Index of Microcirculatory Resistance (IMR)
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between peak oxygen uptake (VO₂peak), measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), and the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), measured during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)
Correlation Between Peak Oxygen Uptake (VO₂peak) and CFR
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between peak oxygen uptake (VO₂peak), measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), and CFR, assessed during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)
Correlation Between Peak Oxygen Uptake (VO₂peak) and Resting Full-Cycle Ratio (RFR)
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between peak oxygen uptake (VO₂peak), measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), and resting full-cycle ratio (RFR), assessed during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)
Correlation Between VE/VCO₂ Slope and Index of Microcirculatory Resistance (IMR)
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between the ventilatory efficiency parameter VE/VCO₂ slope, measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), and the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), assessed during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)
Correlation Between VE/VCO₂ Slope and CFR
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between the ventilatory efficiency parameter VE/VCO₂ slope, measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), and CFR, assessed during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)
Correlation Between VE/VCO₂ Slope and Resting Full-Cycle Ratio (RFR)
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between the ventilatory efficiency parameter VE/VCO₂ slope, measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), and resting full-cycle ratio (RFR), assessed during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)
Correlation Between Oxygen Pulse and Index of Microcirculatory Resistance (IMR)
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between oxygen pulse (O₂ pulse), measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), and the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), assessed during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)
Correlation Between Oxygen Pulse and CFR
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between oxygen pulse (O₂ pulse), measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), and cFR, assessed during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)
Correlation Between Oxygen Pulse and Resting Full-Cycle Ratio (RFR)
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between oxygen pulse (O₂ pulse), measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), and resting full-cycle ratio (RFR), assessed during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Medidas de resultados secundários

Medida de resultado
Descrição da medida
Prazo
Correlation Between E/e' Ratio and Index of Microcirculatory Resistance (IMR)
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between the echocardiographically assessed E/e' ratio, a marker of left ventricular filling pressure, and the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), measured during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)
Correlation Between E/e' Ratio and cFR
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between the echocardiographically assessed E/e' ratio and cFR, measured during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)
Correlation Between E/e' Ratio and Resting Full-Cycle Ratio (RFR)
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between the echocardiographically assessed E/e' ratio and resting full-cycle ratio (RFR), measured during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)
Correlation Between Left Atrial Volume Index (LAVI) and Index of Microcirculatory Resistance (IMR)
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between left atrial volume index (LAVI), assessed by transthoracic echocardiography and expressed in mL/m², and the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), measured during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)
Correlation Between Left Atrial Volume Index (LAVI) and cFR
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between left atrial volume index (LAVI), assessed by transthoracic echocardiography and expressed in mL/m², and cFR, measured during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)
Correlation Between Left Atrial Volume Index (LAVI) and Resting Full-Cycle Ratio (RFR)
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between left atrial volume index (LAVI), assessed by transthoracic echocardiography and expressed in mL/m², and resting full-cycle ratio (RFR), measured during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)
Correlation Between TAPSE/PASP Ratio and Index of Microcirculatory Resistance (IMR)
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between the ratio of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion to pulmonary artery systolic pressure (TAPSE/PASP), assessed by transthoracic echocardiography as an index of right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling, and the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), measured during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)
Correlation Between TAPSE/PASP Ratio and cFR
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between the echocardiographically assessed TAPSE/PASP ratio, an index of right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling, and cFR, measured during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)
Correlation Between TAPSE/PASP Ratio and Resting Full-Cycle Ratio (RFR)
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Correlation between the echocardiographically assessed TAPSE/PASP ratio, an index of right ventricular-pulmonary arterial coupling, and resting full-cycle ratio (RFR), measured during invasive coronary angiography. The association will be quantified using Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient, as appropriate. The correlation coefficient is dimensionless.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)
Number of Distinct Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction Phenotypes Identified by Cluster Analysis
Prazo: Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Number of distinct phenotypic clusters identified among symptomatic patients with ANOCA or HFpEF using unsupervised cluster analysis of baseline cardiopulmonary exercise testing parameters, echocardiographic markers, and invasive coronary physiological indices.
Baseline (during the initial diagnostic assessment)

Colaboradores e Investigadores

É aqui que você encontrará pessoas e organizações envolvidas com este estudo.

Patrocinador

Heart and Diabetes Center North-Rhine Westfalia

Datas de registro do estudo

Essas datas acompanham o progresso do registro do estudo e os envios de resumo dos resultados para ClinicalTrials.gov. Os registros do estudo e os resultados relatados são revisados ​​pela National Library of Medicine (NLM) para garantir que atendam aos padrões específicos de controle de qualidade antes de serem publicados no site público.

Datas Principais do Estudo

Início do estudo (Real)

11 de agosto de 2025

Conclusão Primária (Estimado)

1 de junho de 2029

Conclusão do estudo (Estimado)

1 de junho de 2029

Datas de inscrição no estudo

Enviado pela primeira vez

11 de agosto de 2025

Enviado pela primeira vez que atendeu aos critérios de CQ

8 de novembro de 2026

Primeira postagem (Real)

12 de novembro de 2026

Atualizações de registro de estudo

Última Atualização Postada (Real)

12 de novembro de 2026

Última atualização enviada que atendeu aos critérios de controle de qualidade

8 de novembro de 2026

Última verificação

1 de novembro de 2026

Mais Informações

Termos relacionados a este estudo

Termos MeSH relevantes adicionais

Outros números de identificação do estudo

  • HDZ-KA_0525_EMPIRE

Plano para dados de participantes individuais (IPD)

Planeja compartilhar dados de participantes individuais (IPD)?

NÃO

Informações sobre medicamentos e dispositivos, documentos de estudo

Estuda um medicamento regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA

Não

Estuda um produto de dispositivo regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA

Não

Essas informações foram obtidas diretamente do site clinicaltrials.gov sem nenhuma alteração. Se você tiver alguma solicitação para alterar, remover ou atualizar os detalhes do seu estudo, entre em contato com register@clinicaltrials.gov. Assim que uma alteração for implementada em clinicaltrials.gov, ela também será atualizada automaticamente em nosso site .

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