Walnut Consumption and Diabetes Risk
19 juli 2017 uppdaterad av: Lenore Arab, PhD, University of California, Los Angeles
Association Between Walnut Consumption and Diabetes Risk in NHANES May be Gender Sex Specific
Multiple NHANES surveys were combined and weighted to evaluate relationships between walnut consumption and type 2 diabetes mellitus using various independent measures of diabetes status and risk.
After risks were ascertained, interactions with gender were analyzed.
Studieöversikt
Status
Avslutad
Betingelser
Intervention / Behandling
Detaljerad beskrivning
Background.
Dietary interventions and cohort studies of tree nuts lowering glucose levels for diabetes suggest a possible effect with walnuts.
Objective.
To examine the associations between walnut consumption and diabetes risk through data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Methods.
NHANES survey data for 1999 through 2014 was pooled for adults with 24 hour recall dietary data.
Risk of diabetes was based on self-report, medication use, fasting plasma glucose levels, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels.
Individuals were characterized as reporting consumption of walnuts, mixed 'nuts', or no nuts.
Studietyp
Observationell
Inskrivning (Faktisk)
34121
Kontakter och platser
Det här avsnittet innehåller kontaktuppgifter för dem som genomför studien och information om var denna studie genomförs.
Studieorter
-
-
California
-
Los Angeles, California, Förenta staterna, 90095
- University of California Los Angeles
-
-
Deltagandekriterier
Forskare letar efter personer som passar en viss beskrivning, så kallade behörighetskriterier. Några exempel på dessa kriterier är en persons allmänna hälsotillstånd eller tidigare behandlingar.
Urvalskriterier
Åldrar som är berättigade till studier
18 år till 80 år (Vuxen, Äldre vuxen)
Tar emot friska volontärer
Ja
Kön som är behöriga för studier
Allt
Testmetod
Sannolikhetsprov
Studera befolkning
The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a cross-sectional, probability survey administered to the US civilian population aged from 0 to 85 years.
This study used continuous NHANES data collected from 1999 to 2014, covering eight cycles of data collection (N=82,091).
Participants were excluded from analysis for being under 18 (N=34,735) and not having data on either day of the 24-hour food intake (N=6,533).
In an attempt to have a control group free of nut consumers, individuals who consumed peanuts, but not other nuts on the day of recall, were excluded from the analysis (N=6,702).
After exclusions, our analytic sample N was 34,121, representing a population size of approximately 176 million individuals.
Beskrivning
Inclusion Criteria:
- NHANES data from 1999-2014 with food recalls and dietary food intake
Exclusion Criteria:
- not having data on either day of the 24-hour food intake
- individuals who consumed peanuts, but not other nuts on the day of recall, were excluded from the analysis
Studieplan
Det här avsnittet ger detaljer om studieplanen, inklusive hur studien är utformad och vad studien mäter.
Hur är studien utformad?
Designdetaljer
Kohorter och interventioner
Grupp / Kohort |
Intervention / Behandling |
|---|---|
|
No Nuts
All other foods that did not include walnuts or other nuts were classified as "no nuts" (NN).
|
based on self report definition, fasting plasma glucose, and hemoglobin A1c
|
|
Other Nuts
Foods codes describing nuts that are not walnuts (i.e.
cashew nuts, pistachios, etc.) or nut-containing foods that do not commonly contain walnuts (e.g.
granola) were classified as "other nuts" (ON).
|
based on self report definition, fasting plasma glucose, and hemoglobin A1c
|
|
Walnuts with other nuts
food codes describing nut mixes and foods that commonly include walnuts were classified as "walnuts with other nuts" (WwON)
|
based on self report definition, fasting plasma glucose, and hemoglobin A1c
|
|
Walnuts with high certainty
Foods consisting entirely or mostly of walnuts were classified as "walnuts with high certainty" (WwHC)
|
based on self report definition, fasting plasma glucose, and hemoglobin A1c
|
Vad mäter studien?
Primära resultatmått
Resultatmått |
Åtgärdsbeskrivning |
Tidsram |
|---|---|---|
|
Diabetes Outcome- self report
Tidsram: 1999-2014
|
Based on self-report as told by a doctor
|
1999-2014
|
|
Diabetes Outcome- Fasting Plasma Glucose
Tidsram: 1999-2014
|
Based on FPG levels
|
1999-2014
|
|
Diabetes Outcome- Hemoglobin A1c
Tidsram: 1999-2014
|
Based on HbA1c levels
|
1999-2014
|
|
Diabetes Outcome- Combined Definition
Tidsram: 1999-2014
|
Based on both FPG and HbA1c levels
|
1999-2014
|
Sekundära resultatmått
Resultatmått |
Åtgärdsbeskrivning |
Tidsram |
|---|---|---|
|
Sex Interaction
Tidsram: 1999-2014
|
based on the previously stated definition outcomes
|
1999-2014
|
Samarbetspartners och utredare
Det är här du hittar personer och organisationer som är involverade i denna studie.
Samarbetspartners
Utredare
- Huvudutredare: Lenore Arab, MSc, PhD, David Geffen School of Medicine
Publikationer och användbara länkar
Den som ansvarar för att lägga in information om studien tillhandahåller frivilligt dessa publikationer. Dessa kan handla om allt som har med studien att göra.
Allmänna publikationer
- Luo C, Zhang Y, Ding Y, Shan Z, Chen S, Yu M, Hu FB, Liu L. Nut consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jul;100(1):256-69. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.076109. Epub 2014 May 21.
- Ma Y, Njike VY, Millet J, Dutta S, Doughty K, Treu JA, Katz DL. Effects of walnut consumption on endothelial function in type 2 diabetic subjects: a randomized controlled crossover trial. Diabetes Care. 2010 Feb;33(2):227-32. doi: 10.2337/dc09-1156. Epub 2009 Oct 30.
- Katz DL, Davidhi A, Ma Y, Kavak Y, Bifulco L, Njike VY. Effects of walnuts on endothelial function in overweight adults with visceral obesity: a randomized, controlled, crossover trial. J Am Coll Nutr. 2012 Dec;31(6):415-23. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2012.10720468.
- Brennan AM, Sweeney LL, Liu X, Mantzoros CS. Walnut consumption increases satiation but has no effect on insulin resistance or the metabolic profile over a 4-day period. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010 Jun;18(6):1176-82. doi: 10.1038/oby.2009.409. Epub 2009 Nov 12.
- Kalgaonkar S, Almario RU, Gurusinghe D, Garamendi EM, Buchan W, Kim K, Karakas SE. Differential effects of walnuts vs almonds on improving metabolic and endocrine parameters in PCOS. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2011 Mar;65(3):386-93. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2010.266. Epub 2010 Dec 15.
- Mukuddem-Petersen J, Stonehouse Oosthuizen W, Jerling JC, Hanekom SM, White Z. Effects of a high walnut and high cashew nut diet on selected markers of the metabolic syndrome: a controlled feeding trial. Br J Nutr. 2007 Jun;97(6):1144-53. doi: 10.1017/S0007114507682944. Epub 2007 Mar 7.
- Tapsell LC, Batterham MJ, Teuss G, Tan SY, Dalton S, Quick CJ, Gillen LJ, Charlton KE. Long-term effects of increased dietary polyunsaturated fat from walnuts on metabolic parameters in type II diabetes. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 Aug;63(8):1008-15. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2009.19. Epub 2009 Apr 8.
- Tapsell LC, Gillen LJ, Patch CS, Batterham M, Owen A, Bare M, Kennedy M. Including walnuts in a low-fat/modified-fat diet improves HDL cholesterol-to-total cholesterol ratios in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004 Dec;27(12):2777-83. doi: 10.2337/diacare.27.12.2777.
- Wu L, Piotrowski K, Rau T, Waldmann E, Broedl UC, Demmelmair H, Koletzko B, Stark RG, Nagel JM, Mantzoros CS, Parhofer KG. Walnut-enriched diet reduces fasting non-HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein B in healthy Caucasian subjects: a randomized controlled cross-over clinical trial. Metabolism. 2014 Mar;63(3):382-91. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.11.005. Epub 2013 Nov 12.
- Moravej H, Salehi A, Razavi Z, Moein MR, Etemadfard H, Karami F, Ghahremani F. Chemical Composition and the Effect of Walnut Hydrosol on Glycemic Control of Patients With Type 1 Diabetes. Int J Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Jan 30;14(1):e34726. doi: 10.5812/ijem.34726. eCollection 2016 Jan.
- Bullard KM, Ali MK, Imperatore G, Geiss LS, Saydah SH, Albu JB, Cowie CC, Sohler N, Albright A, Gregg EW. Receipt of Glucose Testing and Performance of Two US Diabetes Screening Guidelines, 2007-2012. PLoS One. 2015 Apr 30;10(4):e0125249. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125249. eCollection 2015.
- Guo K, Zhou Z, Jiang Y, Li W, Li Y. Meta-analysis of prospective studies on the effects of nut consumption on hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes. 2015 Mar;7(2):202-12. doi: 10.1111/1753-0407.12173. Epub 2014 Jul 29.
- Zhou D, Yu H, He F, Reilly KH, Zhang J, Li S, Zhang T, Wang B, Ding Y, Xi B. Nut consumption in relation to cardiovascular disease risk and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jul;100(1):270-7. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.079152. Epub 2014 May 7.
- Pan A, Sun Q, Manson JE, Willett WC, Hu FB. Walnut consumption is associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes in women. J Nutr. 2013 Apr;143(4):512-8. doi: 10.3945/jn.112.172171. Epub 2013 Feb 20.
- Guo F, Moellering DR, Garvey WT. Use of HbA1c for diagnoses of diabetes and prediabetes: comparison with diagnoses based on fasting and 2-hr glucose values and effects of gender, race, and age. Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2014 Jun;12(5):258-68. doi: 10.1089/met.2013.0128. Epub 2014 Feb 10.
Studieavstämningsdatum
Dessa datum spårar framstegen för inlämningar av studieposter och sammanfattande resultat till ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter och rapporterade resultat granskas av National Library of Medicine (NLM) för att säkerställa att de uppfyller specifika kvalitetskontrollstandarder innan de publiceras på den offentliga webbplatsen.
Studera stora datum
Studiestart (Faktisk)
1 juni 2015
Primärt slutförande (Faktisk)
30 maj 2017
Avslutad studie (Faktisk)
30 maj 2017
Studieregistreringsdatum
Först inskickad
15 juli 2017
Först inskickad som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna
19 juli 2017
Första postat (Faktisk)
21 juli 2017
Uppdateringar av studier
Senaste uppdatering publicerad (Faktisk)
21 juli 2017
Senaste inskickade uppdateringen som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna
19 juli 2017
Senast verifierad
1 juli 2017
Mer information
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