Health Behavior Change During COVID-19 Pandemic
8 augusti 2021 uppdaterad av: University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw
Health Behavior Change During COVID-19 Pandemic: the Focus on Handwashing
This study aims at investigating handwashing behavior during COVID-19 pandemic.
It was hypothesized that social-cognitive and emotional predictors as well as COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates within the country would be associated with handwashing behavior in the general population of adults in 14 countries.
Studieöversikt
Detaljerad beskrivning
This observational study aims at testing the adherence to handwashing guidelines (the World Health Organization, WHO, 2020) at two measurement points, spanning 1 month.
Adults from the general population in 14 countries (Poland, Australia, Canada, China, France, Gambia, Germany, Israel, Italy, Malaysia, Portugal, Romania, Singapore, Switzerland) will provide self-report data on handwashing behavior and its social-cognitive predictors (perceived effectiveness of handwashing, risk perception, outcome expectancy, self-efficacy, intention, planning, and action control), anxiety, as well as COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates within the country.
Studietyp
Observationell
Inskrivning (Faktisk)
6079
Kontakter och platser
Det här avsnittet innehåller kontaktuppgifter för dem som genomför studien och information om var denna studie genomförs.
Studieorter
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Melbourne, Australien
- The University of Melbourne
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Bordeaux, Frankrike
- University of Bordeaux
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Fajara, Gambia
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (in collaboration with MRC Unit The Gambia at LSHTM)
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Ramat Gan, Israel
- Bar-Ilan University
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Padova, Italien
- University of Padova
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Fredericton, Kanada
- University of New Brunswick
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Beijing, Kina
- Peking University
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Serdang, Malaysia
- Perdana University
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Lower Silezia
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Wroclaw, Lower Silezia, Polen, 53-328
- SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities
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Lisbon, Portugal
- University of Lisbon
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Cluj-Napoca, Rumänien
- Babes-Bolyai Unversity
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Zürich, Schweiz
- University of Zurich
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Singapore, Singapore
- Nanyang Technological University
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Berlin, Tyskland
- Freie Universität Berlin
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Deltagandekriterier
Forskare letar efter personer som passar en viss beskrivning, så kallade behörighetskriterier. Några exempel på dessa kriterier är en persons allmänna hälsotillstånd eller tidigare behandlingar.
Urvalskriterier
Åldrar som är berättigade till studier
18 år och äldre (Vuxen, Äldre vuxen)
Tar emot friska volontärer
Ja
Kön som är behöriga för studier
Allt
Testmetod
Icke-sannolikhetsprov
Studera befolkning
Adults in 14 countries are recruited using the snowballing method.
Data are collected using an online platform (software: Qualtricts).
Beskrivning
Inclusion Criteria:
- adults (from general population) who provided informed consent to participate
Exclusion Criteria:
- younger than <18 years old
Studieplan
Det här avsnittet ger detaljer om studieplanen, inklusive hur studien är utformad och vad studien mäter.
Hur är studien utformad?
Designdetaljer
Kohorter och interventioner
Grupp / Kohort |
Intervention / Behandling |
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Poland
Adults, general population, N = 400
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Observational data collection only, accounting for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality levels within each country
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Australia
Adults, general population, N = 400
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Observational data collection only, accounting for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality levels within each country
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Canada
Adults, general population, N = 400
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Observational data collection only, accounting for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality levels within each country
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China
Adults, general population, N = 400
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Observational data collection only, accounting for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality levels within each country
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France
Adults, general population, N = 400
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Observational data collection only, accounting for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality levels within each country
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Gambia
Adults, general population, N = 400
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Observational data collection only, accounting for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality levels within each country
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Germany
Adults, general population, N = 400
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Observational data collection only, accounting for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality levels within each country
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Israel
Adults, general population, N = 400
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Observational data collection only, accounting for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality levels within each country
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Italy
Adults, general population, N = 400
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Observational data collection only, accounting for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality levels within each country
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Malaysia
Adults, general population, N = 400
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Observational data collection only, accounting for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality levels within each country
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Portugal
Adults, general population, N = 400
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Observational data collection only, accounting for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality levels within each country
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Romania
Adults, general population, N = 400
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Observational data collection only, accounting for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality levels within each country
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Singapore
Adults, general population, N = 400
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Observational data collection only, accounting for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality levels within each country
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Switzerland
Adults, general population, N = 400
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Observational data collection only, accounting for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality levels within each country
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Vad mäter studien?
Primära resultatmått
Resultatmått |
Åtgärdsbeskrivning |
Tidsram |
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Handwashing adherence
Tidsram: 1 month
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The 12-item self-report measure of adherence to handwashing guidelines across situations (e.g., after visiting public spaces, after touching garbage, etc.) based on the guidelines issued by the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
The responses are provided on a 4-point scale, ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree).
Higher scores indicate better outcomes (the higher level of adherence to handwashing guidelines).
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1 month
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Frequency of handwashing
Tidsram: 1 month
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The 1-item self-report measure of the frequency of handwashing (for at least 20 seconds, all surfaces of the hands) daily.
The responses are provided on a 4-point scale, ranging from 1 (less than once) to 5 (more than 10 times).
Higher scores indicate better outcomes (the higher frequency of handwashing).
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1 month
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Sekundära resultatmått
Resultatmått |
Åtgärdsbeskrivning |
Tidsram |
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Self-efficacy
Tidsram: 1 month
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4 self-efficacy questionnaire items; mean item score ranging from 1 to 4, higher scores indicate stronger self-efficacy
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1 month
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Risk perception
Tidsram: 1 month
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3 questionnaire items to assess risk perception; mean item score ranging from 1 to 5, higher scores indicate higher risk perception
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1 month
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Outcome expectancy
Tidsram: 1 month
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4 items assessing positive (1 item) and negative (1 items) outcome expectancies; mean item scores ranging from 1 to 4, higher scores indicate more positive outcome expectancies
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1 month
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Intention
Tidsram: 1 month
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2 questionnaire items assessing intention to adhere to handwashing recommendations; mean item scores ranging from 1 to 4, higher scores indicate stronger intention to wash hands (for at least 20 seconds, all surfaces of the hands)
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1 month
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Planning
Tidsram: 1 month
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2 questionnaire items assessing action planning (1 item) and coping planning (1 item); mean item scores ranging from 1 to 4, higher scores indicate a higher level of self-reported planning
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1 month
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Action control
Tidsram: 1 month
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3 questionnaire items assessing a facet of action control, namely self-monitoring; mean item scores ranging from 1 to 4, higher scores indicate a higher level of self-reported monitoring of handwashing behavior
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1 month
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Perceived effectiveness of hand hygiene
Tidsram: 1 month
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1 questionnaire item assessing perceptions of handwashing as an effective means of preventing coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection; item scores ranging from 1 to 4, higher scores indicate a higher level of perceived effectiveness of hand hygiene
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1 month
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Anxiety
Tidsram: 1 month
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7-item self-report scale (Generalized Anxiety Disorder, GAD-7) scale to assess anxiety symptoms; mean item scores ranging from 1 to 4, higher scores indicate a higher level of generalized anxiety
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1 month
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Country-level COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates
Tidsram: 60 days
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The daily cumulative numbers for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in the study countries.
Published daily as the Situation Report by World Health Organization, starting on 21 January 2020.
Higher numbers indicate the higher cumulative COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates in the country.
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60 days
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Samarbetspartners och utredare
Det är här du hittar personer och organisationer som är involverade i denna studie.
Utredare
- Huvudutredare: Aleksandra Luszczynska, PhD, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities
Publikationer och användbara länkar
Den som ansvarar för att lägga in information om studien tillhandahåller frivilligt dessa publikationer. Dessa kan handla om allt som har med studien att göra.
Allmänna publikationer
- Schwarzer R, Lippke S, Luszczynska A. Mechanisms of health behavior change in persons with chronic illness or disability: the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA). Rehabil Psychol. 2011 Aug;56(3):161-70. doi: 10.1037/a0024509.
- World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public. 2020. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. When and how to wash your hands. 2020. https://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/when-how-handwashing.html
- Reyes Fernandez B, Knoll N, Hamilton K, Schwarzer R. Social-cognitive antecedents of hand washing: Action control bridges the planning-behaviour gap. Psychol Health. 2016 Aug;31(8):993-1004. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2016.1174236. Epub 2016 Apr 26.
- Ruiter RAC, Abraham C, Kok G. Scary warnings and rational precautions: A review of the psychology of fear appeals. Psychol Health. 2011;11(1): 613-630. doi: 10.1080/08870440108405863
- Luszczynska A, Szczuka Z, Abraham C, Baban A, Brooks S, Cipolletta S, Danso E, Dombrowski SU, Gan Y, Gaspar T, de Matos MG, Griva K, Jongenelis MI, Keller J, Knoll N, Ma J, Miah MAA, Morgan K, Peraud W, Quintard B, Shah V, Schenkel K, Scholz U, Schwarzer R, Siwa M, Taut D, Tomaino SCM, Vilchinsky N, Wolf H. The Interplay Between Strictness of Policies and Individuals' Self-Regulatory Efforts: Associations with Handwashing During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Ann Behav Med. 2022 Apr 2;56(4):368-380. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaab102.
- Szczuka Z, Abraham C, Baban A, Brooks S, Cipolletta S, Danso E, Dombrowski SU, Gan Y, Gaspar T, de Matos MG, Griva K, Jongenelis M, Keller J, Knoll N, Ma J, Miah MAA, Morgan K, Peraud W, Quintard B, Shah V, Schenkel K, Scholz U, Schwarzer R, Siwa M, Szymanski K, Taut D, Tomaino SCM, Vilchinsky N, Wolf H, Luszczynska A. The trajectory of COVID-19 pandemic and handwashing adherence: findings from 14 countries. BMC Public Health. 2021 Oct 5;21(1):1791. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11822-5.
Studieavstämningsdatum
Dessa datum spårar framstegen för inlämningar av studieposter och sammanfattande resultat till ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter och rapporterade resultat granskas av National Library of Medicine (NLM) för att säkerställa att de uppfyller specifika kvalitetskontrollstandarder innan de publiceras på den offentliga webbplatsen.
Studera stora datum
Studiestart (Faktisk)
25 mars 2020
Primärt slutförande (Faktisk)
24 september 2020
Avslutad studie (Faktisk)
24 september 2020
Studieregistreringsdatum
Först inskickad
28 april 2020
Först inskickad som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna
28 april 2020
Första postat (Faktisk)
29 april 2020
Uppdateringar av studier
Senaste uppdatering publicerad (Faktisk)
10 augusti 2021
Senaste inskickade uppdateringen som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna
8 augusti 2021
Senast verifierad
1 augusti 2020
Mer information
Termer relaterade till denna studie
Ytterligare relevanta MeSH-villkor
Andra studie-ID-nummer
- 3228-1BPSYPSBEH-30
Plan för individuella deltagardata (IPD)
Planerar du att dela individuella deltagardata (IPD)?
OBESLUTSAM
IPD-planbeskrivning
The lead researchers in 14 countries will have full access to data collected across the countries.
In line with the Consortium Agreement (v2, 16th Jul 2020) data will be openly available under following conditions:
De-identified individual participant data that underline the results reported in publications; individual-level aggregated data (e.g., sum scores for scales) used for main analyses in respective publications; available following the publication, no end date of availability; available for analyses that are conducted to achieve aims in the approved proposal.
Due to local regulations, there are exceptions in terms of data sharing rules (stated above):
- AUSTRALIA: Data from Australia will be available for 5 years after collection.
- GERMANY, SWITZERLAND: Instead of individual-level sum scores, variance-covariance matrices will be shared.
- MALAYSIA: Data will not be shared.
Läkemedels- och apparatinformation, studiedokument
Studerar en amerikansk FDA-reglerad läkemedelsprodukt
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