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Machine Learning-Guided LIV Selection for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

19 juli 2026 uppdaterad av: The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School

A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial of the Drum Tower Rule Machine Learning Model for Lowest Instrumented Vertebra Selection in Lenke Type 1 and Type 5 Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

This study will evaluate whether a machine learning-based decision support model, called the Drum Tower Rule, can help surgeons select the lowest instrumented vertebra during corrective surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Patients with Lenke type 1 or Lenke type 5 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis who are scheduled for posterior spinal fusion will be randomly assigned to one of two groups. In the model-guided group, surgeons will receive the model-predicted risk of postoperative distal adding-on and a recommendation for lowest instrumented vertebra selection. In the conventional-experience group, surgeons will select the lowest instrumented vertebra according to routine clinical experience and existing surgical principles, without access to the model output.

All patients will receive standard posterior spinal fusion. The main outcome is the incidence of distal adding-on at 24 months after surgery, assessed by blinded radiographic reviewers.

Studieöversikt

Status

Har inte rekryterat ännu

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljerad beskrivning

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a common spinal deformity in children and adolescents. For patients requiring corrective surgery, selection of the lowest instrumented vertebra is a key surgical decision. An inappropriate distal fusion level may increase the risk of postoperative distal adding-on, coronal imbalance, unnecessary loss of spinal mobility, or revision surgery.

The Drum Tower Rule is a machine learning-based decision support model developed to estimate the risk of postoperative distal adding-on and assist with lowest instrumented vertebra selection in patients with Lenke type 1 and Lenke type 5 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Before the start of this trial, the model, input variables, risk threshold, and software version will be locked and will not be modified during the study.

This is a single-center, prospective, randomized, open-label, parallel-group controlled trial with blinded outcome assessment. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the model-guided group or the conventional-experience group. Randomization will be stratified by Lenke classification.

In the model-guided group, preoperative clinical and radiographic variables will be entered into the locked machine learning model. The model will generate a predicted risk of distal adding-on and a recommendation for lowest instrumented vertebra selection. For Lenke type 1 patients, the decision will focus on selection between one level proximal to the last substantially touching vertebra and the last substantially touching vertebra. For Lenke type 5 patients, the decision will focus on selection between L3 and L4. The surgeon will make the final decision after considering the model output and clinical judgment.

In the conventional-experience group, the surgeon will select the lowest instrumented vertebra based on routine clinical experience and existing surgical principles. The model output will not be provided to the surgeon for participants in this group.

Both groups will undergo standard posterior spinal fusion with an all-pedicle screw instrumentation system. Postoperative follow-up will be performed at 1 week and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery. The primary outcome is the incidence of distal adding-on at 24 months after surgery. Secondary outcomes include number of fused segments, Cobb angle correction rate, coronal balance, sagittal radiographic parameters, Scoliosis Research Society-22 score, visual analog scale score for low back pain, complications, instrumentation failure, revision surgery, and adoption of model recommendations.

The primary outcome will be assessed by independent radiographic reviewers who are blinded to treatment allocation.

Studietyp

Interventionell

Inskrivning (Beräknad)

300

Fas

  • Inte tillämpbar

Kontakter och platser

Det här avsnittet innehåller kontaktuppgifter för dem som genomför studien och information om var denna studie genomförs.

Studiekontakt

  • Namn: Xiaodong Qin, MD, PhD
  • Telefonnummer: 025-68182923
  • E-post: gyethics@163.com

Studieorter

  • Kina
    • Jiangsu
      • Nanjing, Jiangsu, Kina, 210008
        • Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School
        • Kontakt:

Deltagandekriterier

Forskare letar efter personer som passar en viss beskrivning, så kallade behörighetskriterier. Några exempel på dessa kriterier är en persons allmänna hälsotillstånd eller tidigare behandlingar.

Urvalskriterier

Åldrar som är berättigade till studier

  • Barn
  • Vuxen

Tar emot friska volontärer

Nej

Beskrivning

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Diagnosis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis classified as Lenke type 1A or Lenke type 5C.
  • Age 10 to 18 years, inclusive.
  • Scheduled to undergo posterior spinal fusion using an all-pedicle screw instrumentation system.
  • Planned selective thoracic fusion or selective lumbar fusion, with a clinical need for lowest instrumented vertebra decision-making.
  • Availability of required preoperative standing full-spine radiographs and bending radiographs.
  • Ability and willingness to complete the planned 24-month postoperative follow-up.
  • Written informed consent provided by the participant and legal guardian.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • - Congenital scoliosis, neuromuscular scoliosis, syndromic scoliosis, or other non-idiopathic scoliosis.
  • History of spinal trauma, spinal tumor, spinal tuberculosis, or spinal infection.
  • Previous spinal surgery.
  • Severe sagittal spinal deformity, such as Scheuermann disease, for which the study model is not applicable.
  • Neurological symptoms or signs.
  • Leg length discrepancy greater than 10 mm.
  • The surgeon determines that there is no clinical equipoise for lowest instrumented vertebra selection because one option is clearly contraindicated for safety or anatomical reasons.
  • Inability to complete follow-up or required study assessments.

Studieplan

Det här avsnittet ger detaljer om studieplanen, inklusive hur studien är utformad och vad studien mäter.

Hur är studien utformad?

Designdetaljer

  • Primärt syfte: Behandling
  • Tilldelning: Randomiserad
  • Interventionsmodell: Parallellt uppdrag
  • Maskning: Enda

Vapen och interventioner

Deltagargrupp / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Experimentell: Model-Guided Group
Participants in this group will undergo standard posterior spinal fusion. Before surgery, preoperative clinical and radiographic variables will be entered into the locked Drum Tower Rule machine learning model. The model will generate a predicted risk of distal adding-on and a recommendation for lowest instrumented vertebra selection. The surgeon will make the final decision after considering the model output and clinical judgment.
Övrig: Drum Tower Rule Machine Learning-Guided Decision Support
A locked machine learning-based decision support model will be used before surgery to estimate the risk of postoperative distal adding-on and provide a recommendation for lowest instrumented vertebra selection. The model output will be available to surgeons in the model-guided group only.
Procedur: Posterior Spinal Fusion
All participants will undergo standard posterior spinal fusion using an all-pedicle screw instrumentation system.
Aktiv komparator: Conventional-Experience Group
Participants in this group will undergo standard posterior spinal fusion. The surgeon will select the lowest instrumented vertebra according to routine clinical experience and existing surgical principles. The Drum Tower Rule model output will not be provided to the surgeon for participants in this group.
Procedur: Posterior Spinal Fusion
All participants will undergo standard posterior spinal fusion using an all-pedicle screw instrumentation system.
Övrig: Conventional LIV Decision-Making
The lowest instrumented vertebra will be selected by the surgeon according to routine clinical experience and existing surgical principles, without access to the Drum Tower Rule model output.

Vad mäter studien?

Primära resultatmått

Resultatmått
Åtgärdsbeskrivning
Tidsram
Incidence of Distal Adding-on
Tidsram: 24 months after surgery
Distal adding-on is defined as an increase of more than 5 degrees in the disc angle below the lowest instrumented vertebra compared with the immediate postoperative radiograph, or an increase of more than 5 mm in the translation of the vertebra below the lowest instrumented vertebra relative to the central sacral vertical line. The outcome will be assessed by blinded radiographic reviewers.
24 months after surgery

Sekundära resultatmått

Resultatmått
Åtgärdsbeskrivning
Tidsram
Scoliosis Research Society-22 Score
Tidsram: 24 months after surgery
Health-related quality of life will be assessed using the Scoliosis Research Society-22 questionnaire.
24 months after surgery

Andra resultatmått

Resultatmått
Åtgärdsbeskrivning
Tidsram
Incidence of Surgery-Related Complications
Tidsram: From surgery to 24 months after surgery
Surgery-related complications include perioperative complications, instrumentation failure, proximal junctional kyphosis, adjacent segment degeneration, pseudarthrosis, infection, and revision surgery.
From surgery to 24 months after surgery

Samarbetspartners och utredare

Det är här du hittar personer och organisationer som är involverade i denna studie.

Sponsor

The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School

Publikationer och användbara länkar

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Allmänna publikationer

Studieavstämningsdatum

Dessa datum spårar framstegen för inlämningar av studieposter och sammanfattande resultat till ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter och rapporterade resultat granskas av National Library of Medicine (NLM) för att säkerställa att de uppfyller specifika kvalitetskontrollstandarder innan de publiceras på den offentliga webbplatsen.

Studera stora datum

Studiestart (Beräknad)

1 juli 2026

Primärt slutförande (Beräknad)

1 juni 2027

Avslutad studie (Beräknad)

1 september 2030

Studieregistreringsdatum

Först inskickad

19 juli 2026

Först inskickad som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

19 juli 2026

Första postat (Faktisk)

23 juli 2026

Uppdateringar av studier

Senaste uppdatering publicerad (Faktisk)

23 juli 2026

Senaste inskickade uppdateringen som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

19 juli 2026

Senast verifierad

1 maj 2026

Mer information

Termer relaterade till denna studie

Nyckelord

Andra studie-ID-nummer

  • NDTH-20260578

Plan för individuella deltagardata (IPD)

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NEJ

Läkemedels- och apparatinformation, studiedokument

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