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Is Routine Dental Clearance or Antibiotic Prophylaxis Before Dental Procedures Necessary in Total Joint Arthroplasty? A Randomized Controlled Noninferiority Trial

29 oktober 2026 uppdaterad av: Jennifer Larsen, Creighton University

This study is a prospective, randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial with parallel assignment that will afford simultaneous assessment of the omission of dental clearance and the omission of post-operative antibiotics for dental procedures.

Studieöversikt

Status

Har inte rekryterat ännu

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljerad beskrivning

A noninferiority design is chosen because elimination of a preoperative requirement may offer substantial benefits in cost, access, and timeliness of care; provided infection risk is not meaningfully increased.

Study Questions

  1. Is omission of routine preoperative dental clearance non-inferior to mandatory dental clearance with respect to prosthetic joint infection risk following elective primary hip or knee arthroplasty?
  2. Is omission of routine postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis non-inferior to prescription of routine antibiotic prophylaxis with respect to prosthetic joint infection risk following elective primary hip or knee arthroplasty?

Studietyp

Interventionell

Inskrivning (Beräknad)

3048

Fas

  • Inte tillämpbar

Kontakter och platser

Det här avsnittet innehåller kontaktuppgifter för dem som genomför studien och information om var denna studie genomförs.

Studiekontakt

Deltagandekriterier

Forskare letar efter personer som passar en viss beskrivning, så kallade behörighetskriterier. Några exempel på dessa kriterier är en persons allmänna hälsotillstånd eller tidigare behandlingar.

Urvalskriterier

Åldrar som är berättigade till studier

19 år och äldre (Vuxen, Äldre vuxen)

Tar emot friska volontärer

Nej

Kön som är behöriga för studier

Allt

Beskrivning

Inclusion Criteria

  • Age ≥19 years (19 is age of majority in Nebraska)
  • Scheduled for elective primary THA or TKA (i.e. no revision or conversion procedures)
  • Ability to provide informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

  • Revision arthroplasty
  • Arthroplasty for fracture or performed urgently (i.e. incomplete work up)
  • Active or previous infection of the operative joint
  • Active systemic infection
  • On chronic antibiotic therapy

All patients who meet the above criteria will be offered inclusion in the study either at their pre-operative clinic visit or over the phone.

Studieplan

Det här avsnittet ger detaljer om studieplanen, inklusive hur studien är utformad och vad studien mäter.

Hur är studien utformad?

Designdetaljer

  • Primärt syfte: Övrig
  • Tilldelning: Randomiserad
  • Interventionsmodell: Parallellt uppdrag
  • Maskning: Enda

Vapen och interventioner

Deltagargrupp / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Inget ingripande: 1. Obtains dental clearance and undergoes routine antibiotic prophylaxis
  1. This is the current standard of care.
  2. Dental clearance involves a dental exam. If any abnormalities are noted, then additional procedures are performed at the dentist's discretion before proceeding with hip or knee arthroplasty.
  3. Once dental clearance is obtained, then patient proceeds to surgery
  4. Post-operatively, the patients receive antibiotic prophylaxis prior to any dental
Experimentell: 2. Omits dental clearance and undergoes routine antibiotic prophylaxis
  1. Routine dental clearance will be omitted and the patient will proceed to surgery without dental clearance.
  2. The joint arthroplasty will otherwise be performed according to the standard practice of the surgeon, already designed to minimize risk to the patient, including risk of PJI.
  3. Post-operatively, the patients receive antibiotic prophylaxis prior to any dental procedures/cleanings for a duration of 2 years.
Övrig: Dental Clearance and Routine Antibiotic Prophylaxis

Dental Clearance Group Participants will undergo standardized preoperative dental evaluation. Any dental treatment recommended by the treating dental provider must be completed prior to surgery, with written clearance documented before proceeding.

No Dental Clearance Group Participants will proceed directly to arthroplasty without mandatory dental evaluation. Acute dental symptoms arising preoperatively will be managed according to standard clinical practice.

Routine Antibiotic Prophylaxis Group

Participants will receive antibiotic prophylaxis before every dental procedure, including routine cleanings:

  • Amoxicillin 2 g orally 30-60 minutes prior
  • Clindamycin 600 mg orally for penicillin allergy

No Antibiotic Prophylaxis Group Participants will receive no routine antibiotic prophylaxis prior to any dental procedure, including cleanings. All other dental care will proceed per standard practice.
Experimentell: 3. Obtains dental clearance and omits routine antibiotic prophylaxis
  1. Dental clearance involves a dental exam. If any abnormalities are noted, then additional procedures are performed at the dentist's discretion before proceeding with hip or knee arthroplasty.
  2. Once dental clearance is obtained, then patient proceeds to surgery
  3. Post-operatively, the patient does not receive routine antibiotic prophylaxis before dental procedures.
Övrig: Dental Clearance and Routine Antibiotic Prophylaxis

Dental Clearance Group Participants will undergo standardized preoperative dental evaluation. Any dental treatment recommended by the treating dental provider must be completed prior to surgery, with written clearance documented before proceeding.

No Dental Clearance Group Participants will proceed directly to arthroplasty without mandatory dental evaluation. Acute dental symptoms arising preoperatively will be managed according to standard clinical practice.

Routine Antibiotic Prophylaxis Group

Participants will receive antibiotic prophylaxis before every dental procedure, including routine cleanings:

  • Amoxicillin 2 g orally 30-60 minutes prior
  • Clindamycin 600 mg orally for penicillin allergy

No Antibiotic Prophylaxis Group Participants will receive no routine antibiotic prophylaxis prior to any dental procedure, including cleanings. All other dental care will proceed per standard practice.
Experimentell: 4. Omits dental clearance and routine antibiotic prophylaxis
  1. Routine dental clearance will be omitted and the patient will proceed to surgery without dental clearance.
  2. The joint arthroplasty will otherwise be performed according to the standard practice of the surgeon, already designed to minimize risk to the patient, including risk of PJI.
  3. Post-operatively, the patient does not receive routine antibiotic prophylaxis before dental procedures.
Övrig: Dental Clearance and Routine Antibiotic Prophylaxis

Dental Clearance Group Participants will undergo standardized preoperative dental evaluation. Any dental treatment recommended by the treating dental provider must be completed prior to surgery, with written clearance documented before proceeding.

No Dental Clearance Group Participants will proceed directly to arthroplasty without mandatory dental evaluation. Acute dental symptoms arising preoperatively will be managed according to standard clinical practice.

Routine Antibiotic Prophylaxis Group

Participants will receive antibiotic prophylaxis before every dental procedure, including routine cleanings:

  • Amoxicillin 2 g orally 30-60 minutes prior
  • Clindamycin 600 mg orally for penicillin allergy

No Antibiotic Prophylaxis Group Participants will receive no routine antibiotic prophylaxis prior to any dental procedure, including cleanings. All other dental care will proceed per standard practice.

Vad mäter studien?

Primära resultatmått

Resultatmått
Åtgärdsbeskrivning
Tidsram
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) within 12 months, defined using Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria (Parvizi, et al).
Tidsram: 12 Months

1. To determine whether omission of routine preoperative dental clearance is non-inferior to mandatory dental clearance in preventing periprosthetic joint infection within 12 months following primary TJA.
12 Months

Sekundära resultatmått

Resultatmått
Åtgärdsbeskrivning
Tidsram
• Periprosthetic joint infection at 24, 36, 48, 60 and 120 months, defined using Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria (Parvizi, et al).
Tidsram: 120 months

5. To determine whether the omission of dental clearance or omission of routine dental clearance is non-inferior to routine use of these perioperatively at longer term follow up (2, 5 and 10 years).
120 months
• Time from scheduling to surgery (i.e. delay caused by dental clearance)
Tidsram: 3-5 years

1. To compare time from surgical scheduling to operative date.
3-5 years
• Rate of patients requiring dental procedure before getting dental clearance
Tidsram: 3-5 years

2. To determine the rate of dental intervention in patients requiring clearance.
3-5 years
• Number of reoperations and which procedure is performed for PJI.
Tidsram: 3-5 years

3. To compare reoperation and revision arthroplasty rates for infection.
3-5 years
• Causative organisms of PJI
Tidsram: 3-5 years

4. To characterize microbiologic profiles of PJIs.
3-5 years

Samarbetspartners och utredare

Det är här du hittar personer och organisationer som är involverade i denna studie.

Sponsor

Creighton University

Samarbetspartners

CommonSpirit Health

Studieavstämningsdatum

Dessa datum spårar framstegen för inlämningar av studieposter och sammanfattande resultat till ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter och rapporterade resultat granskas av National Library of Medicine (NLM) för att säkerställa att de uppfyller specifika kvalitetskontrollstandarder innan de publiceras på den offentliga webbplatsen.

Studera stora datum

Studiestart (Beräknad)

15 december 2026

Primärt slutförande (Beräknad)

1 januari 2031

Avslutad studie (Beräknad)

1 juli 2032

Studieregistreringsdatum

Först inskickad

29 oktober 2026

Först inskickad som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

29 oktober 2026

Första postat (Faktisk)

4 november 2026

Uppdateringar av studier

Senaste uppdatering publicerad (Faktisk)

4 november 2026

Senaste inskickade uppdateringen som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

29 oktober 2026

Senast verifierad

1 oktober 2026

Mer information

Termer relaterade till denna studie

Andra studie-ID-nummer

  • CommonSpirit IRB 2447281-1

Plan för individuella deltagardata (IPD)

Planerar du att dela individuella deltagardata (IPD)?

JA

IPD-planbeskrivning

Results will otherwise be disseminated through academic journals as well as poster or podium presentations at academic meetings.

IPD-delning som stöder informationstyp

  • SAV

Läkemedels- och apparatinformation, studiedokument

Studerar en amerikansk FDA-reglerad läkemedelsprodukt

Nej

Studerar en amerikansk FDA-reglerad produktprodukt

Nej

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