Efficacy of Multigrain Supplementation in Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Inclusion Criteria:

Inclusion criteria for the clinical trial are:

• Clinical diagnosis with Type II DM for at least 6 months' duration without clinically manifest complications (retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, vascular diseases, foot ulcer - as diagnosed by the physician/recorded in database)
• Male or female
• Pharmacological treatment with metformin or insulin, or a combination of metformin and glibenclamide.
• Chronological age: 18 years and above
• Metabolically stable (current laboratory results for A1C 6.0-8.5%; or fasting plasma glucose 6.4-8.5 mmol/l)
• Not taking antioxidant/anti-inflammatory supplements (Example of antioxidant: vitamin C, vitamin E, grape seed extract, garlic capsule, ginkgo biloba) (Example of anti-inflammatory supplement: fish oil, curcumin extract, ginger extract, spirulina)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Having liver (chronic liver failure, cirrhosis, all types of hepatitis), kidney (chronic kidney disease, haemodialysis) or haematological (anaemia, thalassemia, haemophilia) disorders
• Active gastric/duodenal ulcer
• Psychiatric disease/mental retardation (bipolar disorder, depression, schizophrenia)
• Cancer (all types), and endocrine disorders (Cushing's disease, gigantism and hyperthyroidism).
• Alcohol and drug abuse (self-mentioned or as recorded in the medical card)
• Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
• Pregnancy/lactation
• Hormone replacement therapy (for at least 3 months prior to entering the study)
• Herbal remedies (any parts from the plants such as flowers, rhizome, seeds, roots, leaves, fruits, stems)
• Use of steroids, chemotherapy, immunosuppressant or radiotherapy.
• Vegetarian patient (pure vegan)
• Gluten intolerance
• Participations currently under another supplementary program