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S-Acetyl Glutathione and Performance Recovery in Soccer

2026年7月1日 更新者：Dimitrios Draganidis、University of Thessaly

Pharmacodynamics & Pharmacokinetics Study of S-Acetyl Glutathione in Highly Trained Soccer Players

Soccer players display elevated inflammatory and oxidative stress markers combined with reduced soccer specific performance over a 72-hour period. However, in modern soccer, players participate very often in 2 or 3 matches within a week, with a recovery period of 72 hours between successive matches, that is insufficient to restore skeletal muscle homeostasis and performance. Of note, reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, a tripeptide consisting of the amino acids cysteine, glycine and glutamic acid, are substantially reduced during the 72-hour recovery period after a match because of the trauma-related acute inflammatory and oxidative stress response. GSH availability is a crucial regulator of cellular redox status, affecting numerous intracellular and physiological processes such as redox signalling, immunoregulation and muscle metabolism. Indeed, enhanced GSH availability following muscle damaging exercise has been shown to be beneficial for skeletal muscle and performance recovery by mitigating the inflammatory and oxidative stress response. Thus, the enhancement of GSH availability through dietary interventions would be a promising strategy to accelerate skeletal muscle and performance recovery following a soccer game. S-Acetyl Glutathione (SAG) is a glutathione precursor with enhanced absorption kinetics due to chemical S-acetylation of the thiol group on the cysteinyl amino acid of GSH and oral administration of SAG has been shown to be more effective in restoring intracellular glutathione levels compared to oral glutathione. The aim of this study is to (i) perform a pharmacokinetic assessment of 200 mg/day vs 500 mg/day of SAG during a 7-day supplementation period (pre-loading) and (ii) to establish the pharmacodynamic effect of the two dosages at 24, 48 and 72h following a 90-minute official soccer match.

研究概览

地位

尚未招聘

条件

干预/治疗

详细说明

Following baseline testing [including assessment of anthropometrics, body composition (via DXA instrumentation) and physical performance (cardiorespiratory fitness, drop jump and countermovement jump performance, repeated sprint anility, isokinetic peak torque)], 20 well-trained, soccer players will participate in three trials, receiving daily (i) 200 mg SAG, (ii) 500 mg SAG or (iii) Placebo, according to a randomized, double-blind, crossover, repeated-measures design. The duration of each trial will be 11 days, including a 7-day pre-loading period (days 1 -7), a match day (day 8) and 3 consecutive recovery days after the match (days 9-11). Between trials a 3-week washout period will be implemented.

Pre-loading period: During the 7-day pre-loading period players will participate daily in training sessions according to a soccer-specific weekly training schedule, while receiving the respective supplement. Blood samples will be collected on day 1 and day 7 while daily nutrient intake (via 7-day diet recalls), physical activity level (via accelerometry) and training load (via global positioning system instrumentation during training sessions) will be monitored daily.

Match day: On match day, players will participate in an official 90-min soccer match. Field activity (total distance, average and maximum speed, high intensity running, high speed running, accelerations, decelerations) and heart rate (mean and maximum heart rate) will be continuously monitored using global positioning system (GPS) and heart rate monitors, respectively.

Recovery days: During the 3-day recovery period after the match, players will participate daily in (i) morning testing sessions and (ii) training sessions in the evening. Testing sessions will include blood sampling and performance measurements including drop jump and countermovement jump performance, repeated sprint anility, isokinetic peak torque and muscle soreness (DOMS). Dietary intake (via a 3-day diet recalls), physical activity level (via accelerometry) and training load (via GPS instrumentation during training sessions) will be monitored daily.

研究类型

介入性

注册 (估计的)

20

阶段

  • 不适用

联系人和位置

本节提供了进行研究的人员的详细联系信息，以及有关进行该研究的地点的信息。

学习联系方式

  • 姓名：Dimitrios Draganidis, PhD
  • 电话号码：+30 2431047078
  • 邮箱：ddraganidis@uth.gr

研究联系人备份

学习地点

  • 希腊
    • Karies
      • Trikala、Karies、希腊、42100
        • Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly
        • 接触：
          • Ioannis G Fatouros, PhD
          • 电话号码：+30 2431047047
          • 邮箱：ifatouros@uth.gr
        • 接触：
          • Athanasios Z Jamurtas, PhD
          • 电话号码：+30 24310 47054
          • 邮箱：ajamurt@uth.gr

参与标准

研究人员寻找符合特定描述的人，称为资格标准。这些标准的一些例子是一个人的一般健康状况或先前的治疗。

资格标准

适合学习的年龄

  • 成人

接受健康志愿者

是的

描述

Inclusion Criteria:

  • participation at elite (top three division leagues) for ≥ 4 years
  • no recent history of febrile illness, musculoskeletal problems and metabolic diseases
  • no consumption of medications and performance-enhancing supplements (including anti-inflammatory, antioxidants, vitamins and multivitamin supplements) for at least 6 months prior to the study
  • participation in at least 5 training sessions and 1 match per week
  • non-smokers

Exclusion Criteria:

  • musculoskeletal injury
  • consumption of medication and performance-enhancing supplements
  • illness during the course of the study
  • loss of follow-up measurements

学习计划

本节提供研究计划的详细信息，包括研究的设计方式和研究的衡量标准。

研究是如何设计的？

设计细节

  • 主要用途：其他
  • 分配：随机化
  • 介入模型：交叉作业
  • 屏蔽：三倍

武器和干预

参与者组/臂
干预/治疗
实验性的：SAG-200 Trial
Oral administration of S-Acetyl Glutathione (SAG)
膳食补充剂：200 mg S-Acetyl Glutathione
Participants will be supplemented daily with 200 mg of S-acetyl glutathione, orally, over the 11-day experimental period.
实验性的：SAG-500 Trial
Oral administration of S-Acetyl Glutathione (SAG)
膳食补充剂：500 mg S-Acetyl Glutathione
Participants will be supplemented daily with 500 mg of S-acetyl glutathione, orally, over the 11-day experimental period.
安慰剂比较：Placebo Trial
Oral administration of placebo
膳食补充剂：Placebo Supplementation
Participants will be supplemented daily with placebo, orally, over the 11-day experimental period.

研究衡量的是什么？

主要结果指标

结果测量
措施说明
大体时间
Change in creatine kinase levels
大体时间：Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Creatine kinase concentration will be measured in serum using a Clinical Chemistry Analyzer
Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Change in myoglobin levels
大体时间：Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Myoglobin concentration will be measured in serum using a Clinical Chemistry Analyzer
Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Change in reduced glutathione
大体时间：Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Reduced glutathione will be photometrically determined in red blood cell lysates using a spectrophotometer
Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Change in oxidized glutathione
大体时间：Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Oxidized glutathione will be photometrically determined in red blood cell lysates using a spectrophotometer
Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Change in glutathione reductase activity
大体时间：Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Glutathione reductase activity will be photometrically determined in red blood cell lysates using a spectrophotometer
Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Change in glutathione peroxidase activity
大体时间：Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11.
Glutathione peroxidase activity will be photometrically determined in red blood cell lysates using a spectrophotometer
Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11.
Change in catalase activity
大体时间：Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Catalase activity will be photometrically determined in red blood cell lysates using a spectrophotometer
Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Change in superoxide dismutase activity
大体时间：Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Superoxide dismutase activity will be photometrically determined in red blood cell lysates using a spectrophotometer
Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Change in maximal voluntary isometric contraction
大体时间：Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Maximal voluntary isometric contraction will be assessed at a 60o knee joint angle, in both dominant and non-dominant limb, using an isokinetic dynamometer
Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Change in maximal peak torque
大体时间：Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Maximal concentric and eccentric peak torque at 60o/s of the knee extensors and flexors in both dominant and non-dominant limb, will be assessed on an isokinetic dynamometer
Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Change in jumping performance
大体时间：Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day11
Countermovement jump and drop jump performance will be tested using an optical measurement system consisting of a transmitting and receiving bar
Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day11
Change in repeated sprint ability
大体时间：Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Repeated sprint ability will be assessed by performing 5x25 m sprints interspersed by a 25-seconds recovery period using infrared photocells
Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day 11
Change in delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS)
大体时间：Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day 11
DOMS will be assessed using a 10-scale visual analogue scale
Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day 11

次要结果测量

结果测量
措施说明
大体时间
Change in total distance covered
大体时间：Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
Total distance (km) covered during training and match play will be monitored using Global Positioning System (GPS)
Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
Change in internal load
大体时间：Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
Heart rate during training sessions and the match will be monitored using heart rate monitors
Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
Change in dietary intake
大体时间：Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
Dietary intake will be assessed using diet recalls
Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
Change in time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity
大体时间：Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
The time (minutes) spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on a daily basis will be monitored using accelerometers
Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
Change in distance covered with high-intensity running
大体时间：Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
Distance (km) covered with high-intensity running during training and match play will be monitored using Global Positioning System (GPS)
Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
Change in distance covered with sprinting
大体时间：Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
Distance (km) covered with high-intensity sprinting during training and match play will be monitored using Global Positioning System (GPS)
Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
Change in accelerations
大体时间：Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
The number of accelerations performed during training and match play will be monitored using Global Positioning System (GPS)
Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
Change in decelerations
大体时间：Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
The number of decelerations performed during training and match play will be monitored using Global Positioning System (GPS)
Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
Change in total step count
大体时间：Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
The total number of steps performed daily will be monitored using accelerometers
Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
Change in physical activity-related energy expenditure
大体时间：Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
Energy expenditure (kcal) related to habitual physical activity will be assessed using accelerometers
Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period

合作者和调查者

在这里您可以找到参与这项研究的人员和组织。

赞助

University of Thessaly

合作者

Lesaffre International

调查人员

  • 首席研究员：Dimitrios Draganidis, PhD、University of Thessaly, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science

研究记录日期

这些日期跟踪向 ClinicalTrials.gov 提交研究记录和摘要结果的进度。研究记录和报告的结果由国家医学图书馆 (NLM) 审查，以确保它们在发布到公共网站之前符合特定的质量控制标准。

研究主要日期

学习开始 (估计的)

2026年9月1日

初级完成 (估计的)

2026年12月20日

研究完成 (估计的)

2027年1月20日

研究注册日期

首次提交

2026年6月9日

首先提交符合 QC 标准的

2026年7月1日

首次发布 (实际的)

2026年7月8日

研究记录更新

最后更新发布 (实际的)

2026年7月8日

上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新

2026年7月1日

最后验证

2026年5月1日

更多信息

与本研究相关的术语

关键字

其他研究编号

  • UTH-06/13.02.2026

计划个人参与者数据 (IPD)

计划共享个人参与者数据 (IPD)？

不

药物和器械信息、研究文件

研究美国 FDA 监管的药品

不

研究美国 FDA 监管的设备产品

不

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