S-Acetyl Glutathione and Performance Recovery in Soccer
1 июля 2026 г. обновлено: Dimitrios Draganidis, University of Thessaly
Pharmacodynamics & Pharmacokinetics Study of S-Acetyl Glutathione in Highly Trained Soccer Players
Soccer players display elevated inflammatory and oxidative stress markers combined with reduced soccer specific performance over a 72-hour period.
However, in modern soccer, players participate very often in 2 or 3 matches within a week, with a recovery period of 72 hours between successive matches, that is insufficient to restore skeletal muscle homeostasis and performance.
Of note, reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, a tripeptide consisting of the amino acids cysteine, glycine and glutamic acid, are substantially reduced during the 72-hour recovery period after a match because of the trauma-related acute inflammatory and oxidative stress response.
GSH availability is a crucial regulator of cellular redox status, affecting numerous intracellular and physiological processes such as redox signalling, immunoregulation and muscle metabolism.
Indeed, enhanced GSH availability following muscle damaging exercise has been shown to be beneficial for skeletal muscle and performance recovery by mitigating the inflammatory and oxidative stress response.
Thus, the enhancement of GSH availability through dietary interventions would be a promising strategy to accelerate skeletal muscle and performance recovery following a soccer game.
S-Acetyl Glutathione (SAG) is a glutathione precursor with enhanced absorption kinetics due to chemical S-acetylation of the thiol group on the cysteinyl amino acid of GSH and oral administration of SAG has been shown to be more effective in restoring intracellular glutathione levels compared to oral glutathione.
The aim of this study is to (i) perform a pharmacokinetic assessment of 200 mg/day vs 500 mg/day of SAG during a 7-day supplementation period (pre-loading) and (ii) to establish the pharmacodynamic effect of the two dosages at 24, 48 and 72h following a 90-minute official soccer match.
Обзор исследования
Статус
Еще не набирают
Условия
Подробное описание
Following baseline testing [including assessment of anthropometrics, body composition (via DXA instrumentation) and physical performance (cardiorespiratory fitness, drop jump and countermovement jump performance, repeated sprint anility, isokinetic peak torque)], 20 well-trained, soccer players will participate in three trials, receiving daily (i) 200 mg SAG, (ii) 500 mg SAG or (iii) Placebo, according to a randomized, double-blind, crossover, repeated-measures design. The duration of each trial will be 11 days, including a 7-day pre-loading period (days 1 -7), a match day (day 8) and 3 consecutive recovery days after the match (days 9-11). Between trials a 3-week washout period will be implemented.
Pre-loading period: During the 7-day pre-loading period players will participate daily in training sessions according to a soccer-specific weekly training schedule, while receiving the respective supplement. Blood samples will be collected on day 1 and day 7 while daily nutrient intake (via 7-day diet recalls), physical activity level (via accelerometry) and training load (via global positioning system instrumentation during training sessions) will be monitored daily.
Match day: On match day, players will participate in an official 90-min soccer match. Field activity (total distance, average and maximum speed, high intensity running, high speed running, accelerations, decelerations) and heart rate (mean and maximum heart rate) will be continuously monitored using global positioning system (GPS) and heart rate monitors, respectively.
Recovery days: During the 3-day recovery period after the match, players will participate daily in (i) morning testing sessions and (ii) training sessions in the evening. Testing sessions will include blood sampling and performance measurements including drop jump and countermovement jump performance, repeated sprint anility, isokinetic peak torque and muscle soreness (DOMS). Dietary intake (via a 3-day diet recalls), physical activity level (via accelerometry) and training load (via GPS instrumentation during training sessions) will be monitored daily.
Тип исследования
Интервенционный
Регистрация (Оцененный)
20
Фаза
- Непригодный
Контакты и местонахождение
В этом разделе приведены контактные данные лиц, проводящих исследование, и информация о том, где проводится это исследование.
Контакты исследования
- Имя: Dimitrios Draganidis, PhD
- Номер телефона: +30 2431047078
- Электронная почта: ddraganidis@uth.gr
Учебное резервное копирование контактов
- Имя: Athanasios Poulios, PhD
- Номер телефона: +30 2431047053
- Электронная почта: athanpoul@gmail.com
Места учебы
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Karies
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Trikala, Karies, Греция, 42100
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly
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Контакт:
- Ioannis G Fatouros, PhD
- Номер телефона: +30 2431047047
- Электронная почта: ifatouros@uth.gr
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Контакт:
- Athanasios Z Jamurtas, PhD
- Номер телефона: +30 24310 47054
- Электронная почта: ajamurt@uth.gr
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Критерии участия
Исследователи ищут людей, которые соответствуют определенному описанию, называемому критериям приемлемости. Некоторыми примерами этих критериев являются общее состояние здоровья человека или предшествующее лечение.
Критерии приемлемости
Возраст, подходящий для обучения
- Взрослый
Принимает здоровых добровольцев
Да
Описание
Inclusion Criteria:
- participation at elite (top three division leagues) for ≥ 4 years
- no recent history of febrile illness, musculoskeletal problems and metabolic diseases
- no consumption of medications and performance-enhancing supplements (including anti-inflammatory, antioxidants, vitamins and multivitamin supplements) for at least 6 months prior to the study
- participation in at least 5 training sessions and 1 match per week
- non-smokers
Exclusion Criteria:
- musculoskeletal injury
- consumption of medication and performance-enhancing supplements
- illness during the course of the study
- loss of follow-up measurements
Учебный план
В этом разделе представлена подробная информация о плане исследования, в том числе о том, как планируется исследование и что оно измеряет.
Как устроено исследование?
Детали дизайна
- Основная цель: Другой
- Распределение: Рандомизированный
- Интервенционная модель: Назначение кроссовера
- Маскировка: Тройной
Оружие и интервенции
Группа участников / Армия |
Вмешательство/лечение |
|---|---|
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Экспериментальный: SAG-200 Trial
Oral administration of S-Acetyl Glutathione (SAG)
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Participants will be supplemented daily with 200 mg of S-acetyl glutathione, orally, over the 11-day experimental period.
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Экспериментальный: SAG-500 Trial
Oral administration of S-Acetyl Glutathione (SAG)
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Participants will be supplemented daily with 500 mg of S-acetyl glutathione, orally, over the 11-day experimental period.
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Плацебо Компаратор: Placebo Trial
Oral administration of placebo
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Participants will be supplemented daily with placebo, orally, over the 11-day experimental period.
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Что измеряет исследование?
Первичные показатели результатов
Мера результата |
Мера Описание |
Временное ограничение |
|---|---|---|
|
Change in creatine kinase levels
Временное ограничение: Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
|
Creatine kinase concentration will be measured in serum using a Clinical Chemistry Analyzer
|
Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
|
|
Change in myoglobin levels
Временное ограничение: Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
|
Myoglobin concentration will be measured in serum using a Clinical Chemistry Analyzer
|
Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
|
|
Change in reduced glutathione
Временное ограничение: Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
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Reduced glutathione will be photometrically determined in red blood cell lysates using a spectrophotometer
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Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
|
|
Change in oxidized glutathione
Временное ограничение: Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
|
Oxidized glutathione will be photometrically determined in red blood cell lysates using a spectrophotometer
|
Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
|
|
Change in glutathione reductase activity
Временное ограничение: Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
|
Glutathione reductase activity will be photometrically determined in red blood cell lysates using a spectrophotometer
|
Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
|
|
Change in glutathione peroxidase activity
Временное ограничение: Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11.
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Glutathione peroxidase activity will be photometrically determined in red blood cell lysates using a spectrophotometer
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Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11.
|
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Change in catalase activity
Временное ограничение: Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
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Catalase activity will be photometrically determined in red blood cell lysates using a spectrophotometer
|
Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
|
|
Change in superoxide dismutase activity
Временное ограничение: Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
|
Superoxide dismutase activity will be photometrically determined in red blood cell lysates using a spectrophotometer
|
Day 1, day 7, day 9, day 10 and day 11
|
|
Change in maximal voluntary isometric contraction
Временное ограничение: Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day 11
|
Maximal voluntary isometric contraction will be assessed at a 60o knee joint angle, in both dominant and non-dominant limb, using an isokinetic dynamometer
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Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day 11
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Change in maximal peak torque
Временное ограничение: Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day 11
|
Maximal concentric and eccentric peak torque at 60o/s of the knee extensors and flexors in both dominant and non-dominant limb, will be assessed on an isokinetic dynamometer
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Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day 11
|
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Change in jumping performance
Временное ограничение: Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day11
|
Countermovement jump and drop jump performance will be tested using an optical measurement system consisting of a transmitting and receiving bar
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Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day11
|
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Change in repeated sprint ability
Временное ограничение: Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day 11
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Repeated sprint ability will be assessed by performing 5x25 m sprints interspersed by a 25-seconds recovery period using infrared photocells
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Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day 11
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Change in delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS)
Временное ограничение: Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day 11
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DOMS will be assessed using a 10-scale visual analogue scale
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Day 1, day 9, day 10 and day 11
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Вторичные показатели результатов
Мера результата |
Мера Описание |
Временное ограничение |
|---|---|---|
|
Change in total distance covered
Временное ограничение: Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
Total distance (km) covered during training and match play will be monitored using Global Positioning System (GPS)
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Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
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Change in internal load
Временное ограничение: Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
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Heart rate during training sessions and the match will be monitored using heart rate monitors
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Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
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Change in dietary intake
Временное ограничение: Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
Dietary intake will be assessed using diet recalls
|
Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
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Change in time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity
Временное ограничение: Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
The time (minutes) spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on a daily basis will be monitored using accelerometers
|
Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
|
Change in distance covered with high-intensity running
Временное ограничение: Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
Distance (km) covered with high-intensity running during training and match play will be monitored using Global Positioning System (GPS)
|
Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
|
Change in distance covered with sprinting
Временное ограничение: Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
Distance (km) covered with high-intensity sprinting during training and match play will be monitored using Global Positioning System (GPS)
|
Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
|
Change in accelerations
Временное ограничение: Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
The number of accelerations performed during training and match play will be monitored using Global Positioning System (GPS)
|
Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
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Change in decelerations
Временное ограничение: Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
The number of decelerations performed during training and match play will be monitored using Global Positioning System (GPS)
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Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
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Change in total step count
Временное ограничение: Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
The total number of steps performed daily will be monitored using accelerometers
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Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
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Change in physical activity-related energy expenditure
Временное ограничение: Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
Energy expenditure (kcal) related to habitual physical activity will be assessed using accelerometers
|
Daily throughout the 11-day experimental period
|
Соавторы и исследователи
Здесь вы найдете людей и организации, участвующие в этом исследовании.
Спонсор
Соавторы
Следователи
- Главный следователь: Dimitrios Draganidis, PhD, University of Thessaly, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science
Даты записи исследования
Эти даты отслеживают ход отправки отчетов об исследованиях и сводных результатов на сайт ClinicalTrials.gov. Записи исследований и сообщаемые результаты проверяются Национальной медицинской библиотекой (NLM), чтобы убедиться, что они соответствуют определенным стандартам контроля качества, прежде чем публиковать их на общедоступном веб-сайте.
Изучение основных дат
Начало исследования (Оцененный)
1 сентября 2026 г.
Первичное завершение (Оцененный)
20 декабря 2026 г.
Завершение исследования (Оцененный)
20 января 2027 г.
Даты регистрации исследования
Первый отправленный
9 июня 2026 г.
Впервые представлено, что соответствует критериям контроля качества
1 июля 2026 г.
Первый опубликованный (Действительный)
8 июля 2026 г.
Обновления учебных записей
Последнее опубликованное обновление (Действительный)
8 июля 2026 г.
Последнее отправленное обновление, отвечающее критериям контроля качества
1 июля 2026 г.
Последняя проверка
1 мая 2026 г.
Дополнительная информация
Термины, связанные с этим исследованием
Ключевые слова
Другие идентификационные номера исследования
- UTH-06/13.02.2026
Планирование данных отдельных участников (IPD)
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НЕТ
Информация о лекарствах и устройствах, исследовательские документы
Изучает лекарственный продукт, регулируемый FDA США.
Нет
Изучает продукт устройства, регулируемый Управлением по санитарному надзору за качеством пищевых продуктов и медикаментов США.
Нет
Эта информация была получена непосредственно с веб-сайта clinicaltrials.gov без каких-либо изменений. Если у вас есть запросы на изменение, удаление или обновление сведений об исследовании, обращайтесь по адресу register@clinicaltrials.gov. Как только изменение будет реализовано на clinicaltrials.gov, оно будет автоматически обновлено и на нашем веб-сайте. .