Ultrasound Evaluation of Tongue Movements in Speech and Swallowing

Exploration of the Diagnostic Capabilities of Ultrasound of the Oropharynx and Larynx

This study will assess the use of ultrasound-a test that uses sound waves to produce images-as a diagnostic tool for evaluating speech and swallowing.

The following categories of individuals may be eligible for this study: 1) healthy volunteers between 20 and 85 years old with normal speech and hearing, 2) patients 6 to 85 years old with developmental neurological deficits in speech or swallowing, and 3) patients with tumors of the oral cavity, pharynx or larynx being treated at the Greater Baltimore Medical Center.

Participants will undergo a 30-minute speech and oral motion evaluation, in which they imitate sounds, words and oral movements while a speech pathologist evaluates their lip, tongue and palate movements. They may also be asked to drink a small amount of water for examination of swallowing function.

For the ultrasound examination, a 3/4-inch transducer (device for transmitting and receiving sound waves) is placed under the participant's chin. While the transducer is in place, the subject 1) repeats sounds and a series of syllables in several sequences, 2) swallows three times with and without a small amount of water, and 3) swallows 3 teaspoons of non-fat pudding. The ultrasound images are recorded on tape for later analysis.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Polymyositis; Pharyngeal Neoplasm; Speech Disorder; Otorhinolaryngologic Disease; Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasm

Detailed Description

Studies conducted using ultrasound imaging at the NIH, Departments of Rehabilitation Medicine and Diagnostic Radiology, have demonstrated that ultrasound imaging can be used reliably to study speech and swallowing impairments in a variety of conditions and diseases. Since ultrasound is non-invasive with no reported bioeffects, it can be used repeatedly to follow the progression of a disease. Ultrasound imaging of the oral cavity during speech and swallowing allows easy visualization of the tongue/hyoid bone motion and transport of the bolus during swallowing and tongue surface configuration during speech. Images can be obtained in several planes for viewing muscular coordination and timing and specific measures can be obtained from digitized video images. Thus it has widespread clinical research implications for patients with disorders affecting the oral peripheral muscles, salivary gland flow and the central nervous system control of speech and swallowing. While ultrasound technology has been used extensively in Europe to evaluate tumors of the head and neck, its use in this country has been marginal. We plan to compare ultrasound evaluation of tumor staging, tumor volume, and tumor recurrence in patients with tumors of the larynx, oral cavity and hypopharynx. Currently, this is accomplished by CT or MRI scanning procedures. We plan to compare CT/MRI results with ultrasound to determine if this non-invasive technique can be utilized reliably for diagnosis and tracking of oropharyngeal tumors.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment: 570

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Maryland
    • Bethesda, Maryland, United States, 20892
      • Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center (CC)

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Child; Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

INCLUSION CRITERIA:

Normal volunteers:

Normal volunteers ages 21 to 85 may be asked to participate in a study of speech and swallowing utilizing a traditional clinical examination of oral-motor performance. If the subjects are without deficits in dental occlusion, speech articulation, tongue and lip strength, tongue and lip mobility, palatal function and oral sensation they will be asked to participate in an ultrasonic evaluation of tongue/hyoid interaction during swallowing and speech.

Children will be included if they are referred with a medical condition that affects the oral pharyngeal phase of swallowing, voice production or laryngeal function and the investigator needs to evaluate functional performance and safety for oral feeding.

Neurological Group:

Subjects aged 6 to 85 with diagnosed developmental, neuromotor, systemic, genetic, neurologic, structural and post surgical dysfunction who have deficits in speech (dysarthria) and/or swallow (dysphagia) may be asked to participate in this study of ultrasonic imaging. Aging patients with and without dementia may also be studied. Patients with Post Polio Syndrome, Polymyositis, Dermatomyositis, Toricollis, Cerebellar Degeneration, Parkinson's disease, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, ALS, Cystinosis, are among the conditions of interest. Subjects with complaints of oral dryness, and patients who have undergone mandibular and oral surgery may also be studied during swallowing.

Oropharyngeal/Laryngeal Tumors:

Patients will be seen who are enrolled in NCI and NIDCD protocols for head and neck tumors.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA

Normal Subjects:

Hearing impairment reported (above 40 db, bilaterally)

Dentures

Oral Prosthesis

Palatal surgery or other restorative dental surgery

Radial neck dissection, glossectomy

Tumor or masses in neck or tongue

Cerebral vascular attack

Stuttering

Non-English speaker

Childhood articulation impairment

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Sonies BC, Dalakas MC. Dysphagia in patients with the post-polio syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1991 Apr 25;324(17):1162-7. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199104253241703.
• Sonies BC, Ekman EF, Andersson HC, Adamson MD, Kaler SG, Markello TC, Gahl WA. Swallowing dysfunction in nephropathic cystinosis. N Engl J Med. 1990 Aug 30;323(9):565-70. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199008303230903.
• Shawker TH, Sonies B, Hall TE, Baum BF. Ultrasound analysis of tongue, hyoid, and larynx activity during swallowing. Invest Radiol. 1984 Mar-Apr;19(2):82-6. doi: 10.1097/00004424-198403000-00003.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: August 1, 1979
• Study Completion: November 1, 2004

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 3, 1999
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 3, 1999
• First Posted (Estimate): November 4, 1999

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): March 4, 2008
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 3, 2008
• Last Verified: November 1, 2004

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Ultrasound; Dysphagia; Xerostomia; Speech; Polymyositis; Swallowing; Dysarthria; Speech Disorders; Tongue Motion; Oral-Facial Paralysis
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Nervous System Diseases; Neoplasms by Site; Neurologic Manifestations; Neurobehavioral Manifestations; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Muscular Diseases; Neuromuscular Diseases; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Pharyngeal Diseases; Stomatognathic Diseases; Language Disorders; Communication Disorders; Myositis; Neoplasms; Polymyositis; Pharyngeal Neoplasms; Speech Disorders; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases; Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms
• Other Study ID Numbers: 790101; 79-CC-0101