HIV-1 Infection Study of Once a Day Versus Twice a Day Protease Inhibitor in Antiretroviral Treatment Naive Adults

Study of Once-Daily Versus Twice-Daily Fosamprenavir Plus Ritonavir, Administered With Abacavir/Lamivudine Once-Daily in Antiretroviral-Naive HIV-1 Infected Adult Subjects.

This is a Phase IIIB, 48 Week, multicentre, randomized, open-label, parallel group study comparing the safety and efficacy of fosamprenavir plus ritonavir 1400mg/100mg once-daily to fosamprenavir plus ritonavir 700mg/100mg twice-daily, both administered with abacavir/lamivudine 600mg/300mg once-daily in antiretroviral-naive HIV-1 infected adults. This study utilizes a group-sequential design with two stages: 1) an interim 24 week cohort analysis of approximately 200 subjects and 2) if study continuation criteria are met at this interim analysis, further enrolment of an additional 528 subjects, followed over a minimum of 48 weeks. The objectives of the study are to demonstrate 1) non-inferior antiviral activity of fosamprenavir/ritonavir 1400mg/100mg QD compared to fosamprenavir/ritonavir 700mg/100mg BID and 2) a superior fasting non-HDL lipid profile in subjects receiving fosamprenavir/ritonavir 1400mg/100mg QD.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: HIV-1 Infection; Infection, Human Immunodeficiency Virus I
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: fosamprenavir/ritonavir

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 212
• Phase: Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Belgium
  • Antwerpen, Belgium, 2000
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Brussel, Belgium, 1090
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Gent, Belgium, 9000
    • GSK Investigational Site
• France
  • Besançon, France, 25030
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Bordeaux, France, 33000
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Clamart, France, 92140
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • La Roche Sur Yon cedex 9, France, 85025
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Levallois-Perret, France, 92300
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Lyon Cedex 03, France, 69437
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Nantes, France, 44093
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Nice, France, 06202
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Orléans, France, 45100
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Paris, France, 75018
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Paris, France, 75010
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Paris Cedex 10, France, 75475
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Paris Cedex 13, France, 75651
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Saint Denis Cedex 01, France, 93205
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Strasbourg, France, 67000
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Suresnes Cedex, France, 92151
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Tourcoing, France, 59208
    • GSK Investigational Site
• Germany
  • Hamburg, Germany, 20246
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Hamburg, Germany, 20146
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Baden-Wuerttemberg
    • Freiburg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany, 79106
      • GSK Investigational Site
    • Freiburg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany, 79098
      • GSK Investigational Site
    • Stuttgart, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany, 70197
      • GSK Investigational Site
  • Bayern
    • Fuerth, Bayern, Germany, 90762
      • GSK Investigational Site
    • Muenchen, Bayern, Germany, 80801
      • GSK Investigational Site
  • Hessen
    • Frankfurt, Hessen, Germany, 60596
      • GSK Investigational Site
    • Frankfurt, Hessen, Germany, 60590
      • GSK Investigational Site
    • Frankfurt, Hessen, Germany, 60311
      • GSK Investigational Site
  • Niedersachsen
    • Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany, 30159
      • GSK Investigational Site
    • Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany, 30625
      • GSK Investigational Site
    • Osnabrueck, Niedersachsen, Germany, 49090
      • GSK Investigational Site
  • Nordrhein-Westfalen
    • Dortmund, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany, 44137
      • GSK Investigational Site
    • Koeln, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany, 50937
      • GSK Investigational Site
• Italy
  • Calabria
    • Catanzaro, Calabria, Italy, 88100
      • GSK Investigational Site
  • Lazio
    • Roma, Lazio, Italy, 00161
      • GSK Investigational Site
    • Roma, Lazio, Italy, 00185
      • GSK Investigational Site
  • Lombardia
    • Brescia, Lombardia, Italy, 25125
      • GSK Investigational Site
    • Busto Arsizio (VA), Lombardia, Italy, 21052
      • GSK Investigational Site
    • Milano, Lombardia, Italy, 20127
      • GSK Investigational Site
    • Milano, Lombardia, Italy, 20142
      • GSK Investigational Site
  • Toscana
    • Grosseto, Toscana, Italy, 58100
      • GSK Investigational Site
• Romania
  • Bucharest, Romania, 021105
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Bucharest, Romania, 030303
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Constanta, Romania, 900709
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Iasi, Romania, 700116
    • GSK Investigational Site
• Russian Federation
  • St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, 196645
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Volgograd, Russian Federation, 400040
    • GSK Investigational Site
• Spain
  • Barcelona, Spain, 08025
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Barcelona, Spain, 08036
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Barcelona, Spain, 08907
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Barcelona, Spain, 8400
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Elche (Alicante), Spain, 03202
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • La Coruña, Spain, 15006
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Madrid, Spain, 28041
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Madrid, Spain, 28040
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Madrid, Spain, 28046
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Madrid, Spain, 28029
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Malaga, Spain, 29010
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Marid, Spain, 28040
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Mataro, Spain, 08034
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Santiago de Compostela, Spain, 15706
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Sevilla, Spain, 41013
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • Valencia, Spain, 46015
    • GSK Investigational Site
• Switzerland
  • St Gallen, Switzerland, 9007
    • GSK Investigational Site
• United Kingdom
  • London, United Kingdom, SE1 7EH
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • London, United Kingdom, SW10 9TH
    • GSK Investigational Site
  • London, United Kingdom, NW3 2QG
    • GSK Investigational Site

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Subject is ≥18 years of age.
• Subject is antiretroviral-naïve (defined as having ≤14 days of prior therapy with any antiretroviral agent).
• Subject has plasma HIV-1 RNA ≥1,000 copies/mL at screening.
• Subject is willing and able to understand and provide written informed consent prior to participation in this study.

• A female is eligible to enter and participate in the study if she is of:

  1. Non-childbearing potential (i.e., physiologically incapable of becoming pregnant, including any female who is post-menopausal); or,

  2. Child-bearing potential, has a negative pregnancy test (serum b-HCG) at screen and agrees to one of the following methods of contraception (any contraception method must be used consistently and correctly, i.e., in accordance with both the approved product label and the instructions of a physician):

     • Complete abstinence from intercourse from 2 weeks prior to administration of the investigational products, throughout the study, and for at least 2 weeks after discontinuation of all study medications
     • Double barrier method (male condom/spermicide, male condom/diaphragm, diaphragm/spermicide). Hormonal contraception will not be permitted in this study
     • Any intrauterine device (IUD) with published data showing that the expected failure rate is <1% per year.
     • Sterilization (female subject or male partner of female subject). All subjects participating in the study should be counselled on the practice of safer sex.
• Prior to randomization, subjects entering Stage 2 must have been screened and be negative for the HLA-B*5701 allele. Test may be performed by local laboratory and results must be available for source document verification according to local practices.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Subject is in the initial acute phase of a CDC Clinical Category C infection at Baseline. Subjects may be enrolled provided they are receiving treatment for such infections and are clinically improving at the Baseline visit.
• Subject is enrolled in one or more investigational drug protocols, which may impact HIV RNA suppression.
• Subject is, in the opinion of the Investigator, unable to complete the study dosing period and protocol evaluations and assessments.
• Subject is either pregnant or breastfeeding.
• Subject suffers from any serious medical condition (such as pancreatitis, diabetes, congestive heart failure, cardiomyopathy or other cardiac dysfunction) which in the opinion of the Investigator would compromise the safety of the subject.
• Subject has a pre-existing mental, physical, or substance abuse disorder which, in the opinion of the Investigator, may interfere with the subject's ability to comply with the dosing schedule and protocol evaluations and assessments.
• Subject has a history of inflammatory bowel disease or intestinal malignancy, intestinal ischemia, malabsorption, or other gastrointestinal dysfunction, which, in the opinion of the Investigator, may interfere with drug absorption or render the subject unable to take oral medication.
• Subject has any acute laboratory abnormality at screening, which, in the opinion of the Investigator, would preclude the subject's participation in the study of an investigational compound. If subjects are found to have an acute Grade 4 laboratory abnormality at screening, this test may be repeated once within the 45-day screening window. Any verified Grade 4 laboratory abnormality would exclude a subject from study participation.
• Subject has an estimated creatinine clearance < 50 mL/min via the Cockcroft-Gault method [Cockcroft, 1976]. This test may be repeated once within the 45-day screening window.

NOTE: Creatinine clearance should be estimated using the following formula:

For serum creatinine concentration in mg/dL:

For serum creatinine concentration in µmol/L:

• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) or hepatic impairment as determined by Child-Pugh Score ≥ 5.
• Subject is receiving, or has received within 90 days prior to screen, any lipid lowering agent, including drugs from the following classes: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), niacin, fibrates, bile acid sequestrants, and/or fish oil supplements. Subjects anticipated to require initiation of therapy with these agents within 12 weeks of Baseline are not eligible to participate.
• Subject has received treatment with radiation therapy or cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents within 28 days prior to Screening, or has an anticipated need for these agents within the study period.
• Subject has received treatment with an HIV-1 immunotherapeutic vaccine or any agents with documented activity against HIV-1 in vitro within 28 days prior Screening, or an anticipated need during the study.

• Subjects who require treatment with any of the following medications within 28 days of commencement of investigational product, or an anticipated need during the study:

  • Amiodarone, astemizole, bepridil, cisapride, dihydroergotamine, ergonovine, ergotamine, flecainide, halofantrine, lidocaine, lovastatin, methylergonovine, midazolam, pimozide, propafenone, quinidine, simvastatin, terfenadine, triazolam.
  • Carbamazepine, dexamethasone, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, rifampin, St Johns Wort (Hypericum perforatum), troglitazone.
  • Systemic interleukins or interferons.
• Subject has a history of allergy to any of the investigational products or any excipients therein.
• Subject has evidence of genotypic (as defined by the current ANRS AC-11 algorithm) resistance at screening or prior documented evidence of genotypic and/or phenotypic (above threshold for reduced susceptibility) resistance to amprenavir/ritonavir, abacavir or lamivudine.

• Subjects recruited at sites in France will be excluded if:

  • The subject is not affiliated with or a beneficiary of a social security.
  • The subject has previously participated in an experimental drug and/or vaccine trial(s) within 60 days or 5 half-lives, or twice the duration of the biological effect of the experimental drug or vaccine - whichever is longer, prior to screening for the study.
  • The subject will participate simultaneously in another clinical study. Notwithstanding these minimum inclusion and exclusion criteria, investigators are urged to follow country specific guidelines where they exist when making decisions about subjects who are eligible for study participation.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Arm A; Fosamprenavir/ritonavir 1400mg/100mg QD + ABC/3TC FDC 600/300mg QD	Drug: fosamprenavir/ritonavir; Fosamprenavir (FPV, TELZIR) is currently licensed in Europe for twice daily (BID) dosing in combination with ritonavir (RTV, Norvir) as a boosting agent
Active Comparator: Arm B; Fosamprenavir/ritonavir 700mg/100mg BID + ABC/3TC FDC 600/300mg QD	Drug: fosamprenavir/ritonavir; Fosamprenavir (FPV, TELZIR) is currently licensed in Europe for twice daily (BID) dosing in combination with ritonavir (RTV, Norvir) as a boosting agent

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Percentage of Participants With HIV-1 RNA <400 and >=400 Copies/mL Over 48 Weeks	A blood sample was drawn to determine the amount of HIV-1 RNA virus in copies/mL at week 48. The percentage of participants with HIV-1 RNA <400 copies/mL at Week 48 was determined by the Time to Loss Of Virologic Response (TLOVR) algorithm.	Week 48

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Percentage of Participants With HIV-1 RNA <50 and >=50 Copies/mL by Visit Over 48 Weeks	A blood sample was drawn to determine the amount of HIV-1 RNA virus in copies/mL at week 48. The percentage of participants with HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL at Week 48 was determined by the TLOVR algorithm	Week 48
Number of Participants With HIV-1 RNA <400 Copies/mL (Primary Endpoint) at Week 48 Categorised by Baseline Viral Load, TLOVR Analysis	The number of participants with HIV-1 RNA <400 copies/mL at Week 48 was determined (by analysis of blood draw) and categorised by baseline viral load (BVL).	Week 48
Number of Participants With HIV-1 RNA <400 Copies/mL (Primary Endpoint) at Week 48 Categorised by Baseline CD4+ Count, TLOVR Analysis	The number of participants with HIV-1 RNA <400 copies/mL at week 48 was determined (by analysis of blood draw) and categorised by baseline CD4+ count.	Week 48
Change From Baseline in Non-HDL Cholesterol at Week 48	Blood samples were drawn to determine the non-HDL cholesterol levels at Week 48. The mean absolute change in non-HDL cholesterol was defined as the Week 48 levels minus levels at baseline.	Week 48
Number of Protocol-defined Virological Failures With Genotypic and Phenotypic Resistance Changes	A blood sample was drawn at the time of confirmation of virological failure, and mutations present in the virus were identified and compared to those found in the blood sample at baseline. New mutations were tabulated by drug class. RT, reverse transcriptase. Virological failure could occur anytime from Week 4 to Week 48.	Time to virologic failure; Week 4 up to Week 48
Steady-state Levels of Amprenavir (APV) and Ritonavir (RTV) Ctau at Weeks 4, 12, and 24	Blood samples were drawn at Weeks 4, 12, and 24 to determine plasma concentrations (Ctau) of APV and RTV	Weeks 4, 12, and 24
Study Endpoints for a Subset of Subjects Receiving Study Drug Beyond 48 Weeks	Adaptive two-stage design study up to 48 weeks. N=200, expanding to 728 if continuation criteria were achieved based on a 24-week interim analysis. The initial 200 participants would continue until the last subject of the expanded cohort reached 48 weeks and would constitute the subset. As continuation criteria were not achieved, the study did not proceed to the second stage, and full analysis was performed on the initial 200 participants only.	Up to 60 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: ViiV Healthcare
• Collaborators: GlaxoSmithKline

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Ross LL, Robinson MD, Carosi G, et al. Impact of HIV subtype on response and resistance in antiretroviral-naïve adults comparing treatment with once daily versus twice daily Ritonavir boosted Fosamprenavir in combination with Abacavir/Lamivudine. [Drugs Ther Stud]. 2012;2(e1):
• Carosi G, Lazzarin A, Stellbrink H, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Fosamprenavir + Ritonavir (FPV/RTV) 700mg/100mg Twice Daily (BID) Versus FPV/RTV 1400mg/100mg Once Daily (QD) with ABC/3TC QD over 24 Weeks. Abstract H-1244, 48th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Washington, DC, 2008.
• Carosi, Lazzarin, Stellbrink, Moyle, Rugina, Staszewski, Givens, Ross, Granier, Ait-Khaled, Leather, Nichols. Study of once-daily versus twice-daily fosamprenavir plus ritonavir administered with abacavir/lamivudine once daily in antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-infected adult subjects. HIV Clin Trials. 2009 Nov-Dec;10(6):356-67. doi: 10.1310/hct1006-356.
• Hughes S, Cuffe RL, Lieftucht A, Garrett Nichols W. Informing the selection of futility stopping thresholds: case study from a late-phase clinical trial. Pharm Stat. 2009 Jan-Mar;8(1):25-37. doi: 10.1002/pst.323.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: March 1, 2007
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 1, 2008
• Study Completion (Actual): August 1, 2008

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 21, 2007
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 21, 2007
• First Posted (Estimate): March 22, 2007

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): June 7, 2012
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 31, 2012
• Last Verified: April 1, 2012

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: HIV-1,; non-HDL cholesterol; protease inhibitor,; Fosamprenavir,; ritonavir,; naive,
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; RNA Virus Infections; Virus Diseases; Blood-Borne Infections; Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Lentivirus Infections; Retroviridae Infections; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Immune System Diseases; Disease Attributes; Slow Virus Diseases; HIV Infections; Infections; Communicable Diseases; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Anti-Infective Agents; Antiviral Agents; Enzyme Inhibitors; Anti-HIV Agents; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Protease Inhibitors; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; HIV Protease Inhibitors; Viral Protease Inhibitors; Ritonavir; Fosamprenavir
• Other Study ID Numbers: APV109141