Evaluating the Effects of a Diet and Exercise Program in People With Type 2 Diabetes or Prediabetes: (The SHAPE3 Study) (SHAPE3)

April 1, 2013 updated by: Kerry Stewart, Johns Hopkins University

Diet and Exercise in Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes

Type 2 diabetes and prediabetes, which are mainly caused by a lack of physical activity and excess weight, put people at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. This study will compare the effects of a weight loss diet versus a weight loss diet plus an exercise program on body composition and cardiovascular factors that are early predictors of future cardiovascular disease in overweight and obese people with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Type 2 diabetes and prediabetes are conditions that are largely caused by excess weight and physical inactivity. These conditions have adverse effects on heart and blood vessel structure and function, including left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, endothelial vasodilator dysfunction, and increased vascular stiffness, each of which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Reducing the amount of calories consumed and increasing physical activity are both important factors for losing weight, increasing fitness, and improving blood glucose control. However, little research has been conducted on the combined effects of diet and exercise on general and abdominal obesity, fitness, heart and blood vessel structure and function, and heart disease risk factors. The purpose of this study is to determine whether people who follow a diet program plus an exercise program experience better improvements in body composition and cardiovascular health than people who follow only a diet program.

This study will enroll people who are overweight or obese and have type 2 diabetes or prediabetes. Participants will attend a baseline study visit and complete blood pressure measurements; muscle strength measurements; a treadmill test to evaluate cardiovascular fitness; an echocardiogram to obtain images of the heart; tests to measure blood vessel function; a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan to measure body fat, muscle tissue, and bone density; questionnaires to assess physical activity levels, quality of life, and mood; and a blood collection. A portion of blood will be stored for future genetic testing. Women will also provide a urine sample for pregnancy testing. Participants will also keep a food diary for 3 days. Participants will then be randomly assigned to either a weight loss diet group or a weight loss diet plus exercise group. All participants will attend study visits with a dietitian for weight loss counseling once a week during Months 1 and 2, and every other week in Months 3 through 6. At each of these visits, participants' weight will be measured. Blood pressure measurements will also occur at least once a month.

Participants who are assigned to the diet plus exercise group will also attend a supervised exercise session three times a week for 6 months. Each session will last 1 to 1 ½ hours and will include aerobic exercise and weight training. Participants who have diabetes or who are receiving medication to control their blood sugar will have their blood sugar measured before and after exercising, based on study staff recommendations. At the end of Month 6, all participants will attend a study visit for repeat baseline testing.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

77

Phase

  • Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Maryland
      • Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21224
        • Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

30 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Body mass index (BMI) 25-42kg/m^2
  • Type 2 diabetes or prediabetes

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Currently smokes
  • History or evidence of cardiovascular disease or other major chronic illness
  • Currently exercising regularly or following a weight loss diet
  • Uncontrolled high blood pressure
  • Any illness that would prevent participation in a moderate-intense exercise program
  • Pregnant
  • Substance abuse
  • Use of insulin

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Weight loss diet
Participants will follow a low-calorie, low-fat weight loss diet for 6 months.
Behavioral: Weight loss diet
The weight loss diet will follow the American Diabetes Association guidelines and be nutritionally balanced with a reduced saturated fat content.
Active Comparator: Weight loss diet plus exercise
Participants will follow a low-calorie, low-fat weight loss diet plus participate in a supervised exercise training program for 6 months.
Behavioral: Weight loss diet plus exercise
The supervised exercise training sessions will take place three times a week for 6 months. Each session will last 1 to 1 ½ hours and will include aerobic exercise and weight training.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Cardiovascular structure and function
Time Frame: Measured at 6 months
Measured at 6 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Body composition
Time Frame: Measured at 6 months
Measured at 6 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Johns Hopkins University

Collaborators

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Kerry J Stewart, EdD, Johns Hopkins University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

July 1, 2009

Primary Completion (Actual)

October 1, 2011

Study Completion (Actual)

October 1, 2011

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

June 23, 2009

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 23, 2009

First Posted (Estimate)

June 25, 2009

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

April 4, 2013

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 1, 2013

Last Verified

April 1, 2013

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 666
  • 1R01HL086026-01A2 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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