Quality of Life in Pulmonary Rehabilitation: A Social Identity Based Intervention

A Pilot Study to Assess the Feasibility and Efficacy of a Social Identity Theory Based Intervention to Improve the Quality of Life of Patients Attending Pulmonary Rehabilitation.

The main aim of pulmonary rehabilitation is to improve the quality of life of patients that have been diagnosed with chronic lung disease. The challenge for pulmonary rehabilitation is that many patients do not complete their agreed or prescribed training targets which may be related to the way pulmonary rehabilitation is delivered. There is a belief among doctors and other healthcare professionals delivering pulmonary rehabilitation care that patients who are working together as part of a group may better accomplish their agreed training targets (intervention). The intervention aims to encourage members of the group to interact and support each other during the rehabilitation sessions in order to attain agreed pulmonary rehabilitation goals

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Social Identity goal-based Intervention

Detailed Description

Previous research indicates that self-management interventions vary, comprising of patient education, action planning, goal setting, cognitive behavioural therapy and motivational interviewing. The delivery of these interventions was largely conducted through individual sessions either face-to-face or telephone conversations, or through the individual distribution of booklet information. As such, research has heavily focused on individual-focused self-management interventions in order to facilitate QoL in COPD patients. It is not surprising that interventions have largely taken an individualistic approach given that sufferers of COPD are diagnosed and treated as individuals (e.g., in hospital, or when visiting the doctor). However, at times COPD management is delivered in groups (e.g., exercise/ education rehabilitation sessions). Indeed, the group-management of COPD treatment for improving the QoL of COPD patients has largely remained unexplored. Therefore, a significant limitation of self-management approaches used to-date concerns the lack of consideration given to group-management interventions. The proposed study therefore aims to address this limitation by investigating the a group-based psychological intervention.

Participants will be assigned to one of two groups: 1) the control group containing standard care; and 2) the intervention group containing standard care plus the intervention. Participants will attend weekly rehabilitation classes for 8 weeks, regardless of the rehabilitation group assigned. In addition, participants will complete a quality of life questionnaire that will ask questions about subjective feelings. The questionnaire will take about 20 minutes to complete. The questionnaire will be completed at the start of the 8-week rehabilitation programme, at the mid-point, and at the end of the rehabilitation programme.

In the intervention arm of the study participants will take part in three focus group discussions. The focus group discussions will be with members of the research team and the rest of your rehabilitation group. The first two sessions help participants plan strategies in order to get the most benefit from the rehabilitation programme. The third session will entail some reflection regarding how well participants thought the programme had addressed their rehabilitation needs. Finally, all participants will complete the quality of life questionnaire again at 3 months after completing the 8-week rehabilitation programme by return stamp-addressed envelope.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 84
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United Kingdom
  • Liverpool, United Kingdom, L14 3PE
    • Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 75 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Inclusion criteria are that patients score between 1 and 4 on the Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnoea Scale and have not previously been enrolled on a pulmonary rehabilitation programme

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients excluded from the study based on these criteria will be assigned to a rehabilitation group not involved in the study.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Social Identity Goal-Based Intervention; Participants will receive collaborative goal-setting	Other: Social Identity goal-based Intervention; Phase 1: collaborative group discussion in order to establish what group members want to achieve by the end of their 8-week pulmonary rehabilitation programme. Phase 2: further collaborative group discussion with the emphasis on evaluating, monitoring, and providing feedback on goal attainment. Phase 3: focus group interviews with an emphasis on reviewing the goal setting process that patients have engaged with.
No Intervention: Standard Care; Participants will receive usual standard treatment

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in Health-related Quality of Life (QoL) scores from baseline	QoL measured using Euroquol EQ-5D-3L and 5L questionnaires	Baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in magnitude of social identification score measured using a standardised scale from baseline	The intervention fidelity will be assessed through determining whether social identification has been achieved. This will be measured with four items (from Doosje, Ellemers, & Spears, 1995; e.g. 'Do you see yourself as part of the [COPD exercise group]', 'Are you pleased to be part of the [COPD group]', 'Do you feel strong ties with others in the [COPD exercise group]?', 'Do you identify with others in the [COPD exercise group]. These scales are widely used and amended in this form and are generally found to provide a good index of the theoretical construct of social identification (e.g. see Haslam et al., 2004).	Baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks
Change in disease-specific quality of life (QoL) scores from baseline	This will be determined using the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire and the St George's Respiratory Questionnaires. Additionally, the Survey Short Form (SF-36) will also be administered	Baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in anxiety and depression scores from baseline	These will be determined using the Hospital and Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaire	Baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks
Change in exercise adherence rates from baseline	This is defined as the number of prescribed exercise sessions performed	Baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks
Change in functional capacity score from baseline	This is defined as total distance covered in a 6 minutes walk test.	Baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks
Healthcare resources use	We will assess the use of healthcare resources. We will specifically examine the issue of staff time in association with the delivery of the social identity intervention.	12 weeks
Cost-effectiveness	and conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis. We will assess the incremental costs per QALY both from the NHS and societal perspectives.	12 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
• Collaborators: Edge Hill University
• Investigators: Study Director: Bashir Matata, PhD, Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Iyer A, Jetten J, Tsivrikos D, Postmes T, Haslam SA. The more (and the more compatible) the merrier: multiple group memberships and identity compatibility as predictors of adjustment after life transitions. Br J Soc Psychol. 2009 Dec;48(Pt 4):707-33. doi: 10.1348/014466608X397628. Epub 2009 Feb 5.
• Haslam SA, O'Brien A, Jetten J, Vormedal K, Penna S. Taking the strain: social identity, social support, and the experience of stress. Br J Soc Psychol. 2005 Sep;44(Pt 3):355-70. doi: 10.1348/014466605X37468.
• Veenstra K, Haslam SA, Reynolds KJ. The psychology of casualization: evidence for the mediating roles of security, status and social identification. Br J Soc Psychol. 2004 Dec;43(Pt 4):499-514. doi: 10.1348/0144666042565380.
• Levy AR, Matata B, Pilsworth S, Mcgonigle A, Wigelsworth L, Jones L, Pott N, Bettany M, Midgley AW. An intervention for pulmonary rehabilitators to develop a social identity for patients attending exercise rehabilitation: a feasibility and pilot randomised control trial protocol. Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2018 Jan 27;4:40. doi: 10.1186/s40814-018-0238-z. eCollection 2018.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 1, 2015
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 1, 2016
• Study Completion (Actual): September 1, 2016

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 31, 2014
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 10, 2014
• First Posted (Estimate): November 11, 2014

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 9, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 7, 2017
• Last Verified: March 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Pulmonary
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Respiratory Tract Diseases; Lung Diseases; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
• Other Study ID Numbers: 1132

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No