Rare Cystic Benign Adrenal Incidentalomas

Complex Cystic Benign Adrenal Incidentalomas Mimicking Non-adenomatous Masses; Rare Pathologies: Clinical Features and Outcomes. Case Series With Short Review of Literature.

Benign complex cystic and vascular adrenal tumors comprise a group of lesions characterized by significant rarity. But, their detection is increasing due to improved radiologic imaging techniques. Nevertheless, they are still conflicting with other lesions. the investigators reviewed their experience with complex cystic benign adrenal tumors in adults, review previous reports to determine the appropriate diagnosis and management of these tumors.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Urologic Diseases; Adrenal Tumor

Detailed Description

Adrenal masses are incidentally found on computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen (so-called "incidentaloma") (AIs) approximately 4% of the time and in 8% in autopsy series. It is important to distinguish benign from malignant. Also, differentiating functioning vs nonfunctioning tumors. The majority of AIs are nonfunctioning , benign lesions account for 82.5% of cases including adenomas (61%), myelolipomas (10%), adrenal cysts (6%), and ganglioneuromas (5.5%), cortisol-secreting adenomas (5.3%), pheochromocytomas (5.1%), adrenocortical carcinomas (4.7%), metastatic lesions (2.5%), and aldosteronomas (1%).

The frequency of adrenal incidentaloma reported in the radiology literature varies according to imaging modality with computed tomography (CT) scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it ranges from 0.3 to 7%, whereas with ultrasound, it is 0.4-2 %. The evaluation and classification of adrenal vascular tumors and cysts remain a challenging, in spite of, the frequency of detection over the past years has been facilitated by advances in imaging and molecular histopathology. This overlap not only because of their scarcity but because these lesions are often obscured by the extensive hemorrhage. As a result, surgical excision of these lesions has to trend in the last decades.

Because of that, we retrieved our data to determine the clinical features, histopathological pathognomonic features and the long term outcomes for these lesions.

The computerized dedicated database of patients who were treated for adrenal tumors between January 2010 and December 2017 was reviewed. Only patients aged >18 years were included in the study and their files were fully evaluated. The data collected were the age at the time of presentation, clinical features, medical history, adrenal metabolic profile, radiological tumor characteristics, treatment methods, and histopathological characteristics. In all cases, CT with contrast was performed unless contraindicated and MRI was performed. Also, basic hormonal assay including 24-hour urinary cortisol and plasma metanephrines were requested for all cases. Under general anesthesia with fixation of intra-arterial line, patients were explored laparoscopically or via the lumbar incision. Three days postoperative, the patient was discharged unless hormonal replacement therapy is required for a longer period of time. The patients were followed up by metabolic profile and radiologically after 6 and 12 months postoperatively then annually.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 291

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Egypt
  • Aldakahlia
    • Mansourah, Aldakahlia, Egypt, 35516
      • Urology and nephrology center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: N/A
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

291 cases diagnosed with adrenal tumors were treated. Demographic criteria of studied cases and different types of pathologies identified . Three cases were diagnosed to have rare cystic and vascular histopathological variant including: cavernous haemangioma, capillary haemangioma and adrenal teratoma.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• cases with adrenal tumors above 18 years old with rare histopathology

Exclusion Criteria:

• age less than 18 years

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
patients with adrenal masses; patients with adrenal mass managed by adrenalectomy

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Number of patients with rare pathologies and correlation with demographic and radiological data	collection of rare pathologies ,correlation with other review of literature	7 years

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Mansoura University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): February 28, 2018
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 30, 2018
• Study Completion (Actual): June 30, 2018

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 8, 2018
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 9, 2018
• First Posted (Actual): November 14, 2018

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 14, 2018
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 9, 2018
• Last Verified: November 1, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Benign; Cystic; Adrenal; Vascular; Incidentaloma
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Endocrine System Diseases; Endocrine Gland Neoplasms; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Adrenal Cortex Diseases; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Urologic Diseases; Adrenocortical Adenoma
• Other Study ID Numbers: adrenal incidentalomas

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No