Effect of Smartphone Addiction on Manual Coordination, Strength and Hand Pain in Normal Teenage Students

Statement of the problem:

• Does addiction of smart phone affect upper limb coordination, manual dexterity, hand grip and pinch strength?

Null Hypotheses:

• Addiction of smart phone does not affect upper limb coordination, manual dexterity, hand grip and pinch strength in normal teenage students.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Smart Phone Addiction, Manual Coordination, Hand Grip Strength, Pinch Strength, Teenage Students

Detailed Description

Subjects:

The survey targets the normal teenage students from both sexes. Sample size estimation will be carried out to determine the recruited number of students, selected randomly from both governmental and private preparatory and secondary schools at Ashmoon educational administration, Menofia Governorate to participate in this study.

Study design:

Cross sectional observational study. Sample design will be a cluster sample,

A. Inclusion criteria:

1. The students' age will range from 12 to 18 years.
2. Normal students including both boys and girls.
3. Participants have a range score from 31 to 60 points for boys and from 33 to 60 points for girls on smartphone addiction scale according to Kwon et al (2013).
4. Their body mass index will be within the normal range according to WHO indices .
5. Cooperative students who wish to participate in the current study.
6. The students will represent different socioeconomic levels.

B. Exclusion criteria:

The students will be excluded from the study if they have one of the following:

1. Congenital abnormalities or medical conditions, which may affect the study.
2. Musculoskeletal problems such as previous or recent orthopedic surgery, fractures, prostheses, inflammation of the fingers, arms, or shoulder.
3. Visual or hearing defects.
4. Motor, behavioral, or neurologic disorders and learning disabilities. • Participants have a range score from 31 to 60 points for boys and from 33 to 60 points for girls on smartphone addiction scale, then participants will be divided into 2 levels of addiction.

Assessment of manual dexterity and upper extremity coordination will be carried out by using The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition (BOT-2) (Bruininks and Bruininks, 2005). Hand grip strength and pinch strength will be assessed by hand dynamometer and pinch meter.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 44

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Egypt
  • Cairo, Egypt, 34518
    • outpatient clinic, faculty of physical therapy, Cairo university

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 12 years to 18 years (ADULT, CHILD)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

community sample

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. The students' age will range from 12 to 18 years.
2. Normal students including both boys and girls.
3. Participants have a range score from 31 to 60 points for boys and from 33 to 60 points for girls on smartphone addiction scale according to Kwon et al (2013).
4. Their body mass index will be within the normal range according to WHO indices .
5. Cooperative students who wish to participate in the current study.
6. The students will represent different socioeconomic levels.

Exclusion Criteria:

The students will be excluded from the study if they have one of the following:

1. Congenital abnormalities or medical conditions, which may affect the study.
2. Musculoskeletal problems such as previous or recent orthopedic surgery, fractures, prostheses, inflammation of the fingers, arms, or shoulder.
3. Visual or hearing defects.

4. Motor, behavioral, or neurologic disorders and learning disabilities

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Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

2

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
no intervention
2 groups

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Assessment of Manual coordination	Assessment of change in manual dexterity and upper extremity coordination will be carried out by using The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition (BOT-2) (Bruininks and Bruininks, 2005).	Baseline - one hour for each participant
Assessment of hand grip strength	Assessment of change in Hand grip strength will be assessed by hand dynamometer device.	Baseline - one hour for each participant
Assessment of pinch strength	Assessment of change in pinch strength by pinchmeter device.	Baseline - one hour for each participant

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Cairo University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Amira Mohamed, Cairo University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (ACTUAL): December 15, 2021
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): February 15, 2022
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): February 15, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 19, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 19, 2022
• First Posted (ACTUAL): March 2, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): March 2, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 19, 2022
• Last Verified: February 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Compulsive Behavior; Impulsive Behavior; Behavior, Addictive; Internet Addiction Disorder
• Other Study ID Numbers: P.T.REC/012/003440

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No