Clinical Evaluation of Bulk-Fill Flowable Composite Versus Submicron Hybrid Composite in Class I Carious Cavities.

May 9, 2026 updated by: Hoda Mohamed Elsayed Ahmed, Cairo University

Clinical Evaluation of Bulk-Fill Flowable Resin-Based Composite Versus Submicron Hybrid Resin-Based Composite in Class I Carious Cavities Over 18-Month: Randomized Controlled Trial.

The study aims to evaluate the clinical performance of Bulk-fill flowable resin-based composite versus submicron hybrid resin-based composite restoration in patients with posterior class I carious cavities.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Resin-based composites are now the preferred material for posterior tooth restoration Silva et al.,2023. To combat the polymerization shrinkage of resin-based composites, an incremental method for placing composite resin was created. Nevertheless, this method takes a lot of time and could cause air to become trapped between successive composite resin layers. Some structural and chemical modifications to the composite resin composition have been suggested in an attempt to lessen the undesirable consequences of the composites, such as the tension produced on the tooth or restoration interface Arbildo-Vega et al.,2020.

Newer resin formulations that combine small particles (0.1 μm-1.0 μm) and submicron particles (0.04 μm) with larger filler loading percentages are referred to as submicron hybrid composites. They exhibit enhanced polishability and gloss retention, as well as greater mechanical and physical properties Vishwanath et al.,2021.

Bulk-fill resin-based composites (BF-RBCs) were introduced to the dental market in the past decade to address challenges related to the incremental placement of conventional resin-based composites in posterior teeth. Originally, the term "bulk-fill" referred to resin composites that could be used in increments of 4-5mm, making them suitable for both full-body and base bulk-fill techniques. Current commercial bulk-fill resin-based composites (BF-RBCs) can be categorized based on their viscosity into flowable (low viscosity) and sculptable (high viscosity) types. In the past, flowable bulk-fill RBCs were known to have lower mechanical properties compared to high-viscosity RBCs. However, the addition of nanofillers in the latest generation of flowable BF-RBCs has improved their mechanical properties while preserving their low viscosity Gatica et al.,2023.

For the majority of commercially available flowable BF-RBCs, the manufacturer advises applying a top layer of conventional resin composite over the restoration. This makes it possible to partially offset its decreased flexural strength and prevent the restoration from wearing out too quickly Gatica et al.,2023. However according to the manufacturer's instructions for (Brilliant Bulk-Fill Flow, Coltene/Whaledent) it can be used for fillings in the posterior region even without an additional covering layer. It is composed of pre-polymerized fillers that include dental glass with nanosilica particles and silanized fillers to enhance bonding strength within the resin matrix, along with larger dental glass fillers to minimize polymerization shrinkage.

This project will be designed to test the null hypothesis that bulk-fill flowable resin-based composite will have the same clinical performance as the submicron hybrid resin-based composite in restoring class I carious cavities according to the Modified United State Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

25

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Co-operative patients approving to participate in the trial
  2. Simple class I carious lesion scored based on the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) is code 2 or 3
  3. Vital upper or lower molar
  4. Presence of favorable occlusion.
  5. Presence of opposing teeth.
  6. Proper teeth aligment.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients with poor oral hygiene
  2. Bruxism or occlusion abnormalities.
  3. Allergic reaction to the materials used.
  4. Disabilities
  5. Pregnancy
  6. Heavy smoking
  7. Xerostomia
  8. Lack of Compliance
  9. TMJ disorders
  10. Unwillingness or inability to attend follow-ups.
  11. Deep caries close to pulp.
  12. Teeth with signs/symptoms of irreversible pulpitis or necrosis.
  13. Endodontically treated teeth.
  14. Extensive occlusal destruction
  15. Periodontal affection

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: control group
patients with simple class I cavities to be restored with Submicron hybrid resin- based composite.
Other: Submicron hybrid resin- based composite.
Patients with simple class I cavities to be restored with Submicron hybrid resin- based composite.
Experimental: Intervention group
patients with simple class I cavities to be restored with Bulk-fill flowable resin-based composite.
Other: Bulk-fill flowable resin-based composite.
patients with simple class I cavities to be restored with Bulk-fill flowable resin-based composite.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Clinical performance of the restoration by Modified US Public Health Service Criteria (USPHS).(Mechanical performance) (Anatomic contour).
Time Frame: 18 months (baseline,6,12,18 months)
The scoring will be: Alpha (means ideal), Bravo (means acceptable), Charlie (means unacceptable) and Delta (means severe failure).
18 months (baseline,6,12,18 months)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Clinical performance of the restoration by Modified US Public Health Service Criteria (USPHS). (Esthetic and sensitivity).
Time Frame: 18 months (baseline,6,12,18 month)
The scoring will be: Alpha (means ideal), Bravo (means acceptable), Charlie (means unacceptable) and Delta (means severe failure).
18 months (baseline,6,12,18 month)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Cairo University

Investigators

  • Study Director: Rania Sayed Mosallam, professor, Prof. Dr. Rania Sayed Mosallam

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

August 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

February 1, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

March 1, 2028

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

May 2, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 2, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

May 8, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

May 13, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 9, 2026

Last Verified

May 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

  • BFFCs in Class I cavities

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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