Kinesiophobia and Functional Outcomes in Hand Injuries

June 19, 2026 updated by: Ebru Aloğlu Çiftçi

The Effect of Kinesiophobia Level on Functional Outcomes in Surgically Performed Hand Injuries

Hand and forearm injuries are among the most common traumatic injuries and may result in substantial functional limitations, reduced work capacity, and decreased quality of life. Despite advances in surgical repair techniques, recovery outcomes vary considerably among individuals with similar injury characteristics. Psychological factors, particularly fear of movement or reinjury (kinesiophobia), may influence rehabilitation participation and functional recovery after injury.

The aim of this prospective observational study is to investigate the relationship between early kinesiophobia levels and functional outcomes in adults who undergo surgical treatment for traumatic hand or forearm lacerations. Kinesiophobia will be assessed during the acute post-injury period (within 1-5 days after injury) using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia. Injury severity will be evaluated using the Modified Hand Injury Severity Classification (MHISC/MEYCS).

Participants will be followed for 12 weeks after injury. Functional recovery will be assessed at the 8th week using the Buck-Gramcko Score and the Sollerman Hand Function Test, and at the 12th week using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire and hand grip strength measurements.

The study will examine whether higher levels of early kinesiophobia are associated with greater injury severity and poorer functional recovery. Findings from this study may help identify patients at risk for delayed recovery and support the development of early rehabilitation strategies targeting psychological as well as physical aspects of hand injury recovery.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

100

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Adults aged 18 years and older. Patients presenting to the emergency department with traumatic hand or forearm lacerations requiring surgical treatment.

Injury involving one or more anatomical structures of the hand or forearm (skin, tendon, nerve, vessel, or combined injuries).

Assessment within 1-5 days following injury. Ability to understand and complete study questionnaires and functional assessments.

Provision of written informed consent. Willingness to participate in follow-up assessments at 8 and 12 weeks after injury.

Exclusion Criteria:

Age younger than 18 years. Cognitive impairment, severe psychiatric disorder, or communication problems preventing completion of questionnaires.

Previous major injury, surgery, or permanent functional impairment of the affected upper extremity.

Polytrauma or additional injuries that may substantially affect upper extremity function or rehabilitation outcomes.

Neurological disorders affecting upper extremity function (e.g., stroke, peripheral neuropathy, spinal cord injury).

Severe musculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremity unrelated to the index injury.

Inability or unwillingness to attend follow-up evaluations. Refusal to provide informed consent

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Minor Injury Group
Participants with traumatic hand or forearm injuries classified as minor according to the Modified Hand Injury Severity Classification (MHISC/MEYCS) score (MEYCS <20). Patients will undergo standard surgical treatment and routine postoperative care and will be followed for assessment of kinesiophobia and functional outcomes.
Other: Standard Surgical Treatment and Routine Postoperative Care
Participants with traumatic hand or forearm injuries will receive surgical treatment and postoperative management according to routine clinical practice and the treating surgeon's decision. No experimental treatment, device, medication, or rehabilitation protocol will be administered as part of the study. The study is observational in nature and aims to evaluate the relationship between early kinesiophobia levels, injury severity, and subsequent functional outcomes following standard surgical care.
Other Names:
  • Routine Clinical Management
Experimental: Moderate Injury Group
Participants with traumatic hand or forearm injuries classified as moderate according to the Modified Hand Injury Severity Classification (MHISC/MEYCS) score (MEYCS 21-50). Patients will undergo standard surgical treatment and routine postoperative care and will be followed for assessment of kinesiophobia and functional outcomes.
Other: Standard Surgical Treatment and Routine Postoperative Care
Participants with traumatic hand or forearm injuries will receive surgical treatment and postoperative management according to routine clinical practice and the treating surgeon's decision. No experimental treatment, device, medication, or rehabilitation protocol will be administered as part of the study. The study is observational in nature and aims to evaluate the relationship between early kinesiophobia levels, injury severity, and subsequent functional outcomes following standard surgical care.
Other Names:
  • Routine Clinical Management
Experimental: Severe Injury Group
Participants with traumatic hand or forearm injuries classified as severe according to the Modified Hand Injury Severity Classification (MHISC/MEYCS) score (MEYCS 51-100). Patients will undergo standard surgical treatment and routine postoperative care and will be followed for assessment of kinesiophobia and functional outcomes.
Other: Standard Surgical Treatment and Routine Postoperative Care
Participants with traumatic hand or forearm injuries will receive surgical treatment and postoperative management according to routine clinical practice and the treating surgeon's decision. No experimental treatment, device, medication, or rehabilitation protocol will be administered as part of the study. The study is observational in nature and aims to evaluate the relationship between early kinesiophobia levels, injury severity, and subsequent functional outcomes following standard surgical care.
Other Names:
  • Routine Clinical Management
Experimental: Major Injury Group
Participants with traumatic hand or forearm injuries classified as major according to the Modified Hand Injury Severity Classification (MHISC/MEYCS) score (MEYCS >101). Patients will undergo standard surgical treatment and routine postoperative care and will be followed for assessment of kinesiophobia and functional outcomes.
Other: Standard Surgical Treatment and Routine Postoperative Care
Participants with traumatic hand or forearm injuries will receive surgical treatment and postoperative management according to routine clinical practice and the treating surgeon's decision. No experimental treatment, device, medication, or rehabilitation protocol will be administered as part of the study. The study is observational in nature and aims to evaluate the relationship between early kinesiophobia levels, injury severity, and subsequent functional outcomes following standard surgical care.
Other Names:
  • Routine Clinical Management

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) Score
Time Frame: 12 weeks after injury
Functional disability and symptoms of the upper extremity assessed using the Turkish version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire. The study will evaluate the association between early kinesiophobia levels measured within 1-5 days after injury and functional outcomes at 12 weeks following surgically treated hand and forearm injuries.
12 weeks after injury

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Hand Grip Strength
Time Frame: 12 weeks after injury
Grip strength of the injured hand measured using a standard hand dynamometer. Three measurements will be obtained and the mean value will be recorded.
12 weeks after injury
Buck-Gramcko Functional Score
Time Frame: 8 weeks after injury
Hand function, pain, and range of motion assessed using the Buck-Gramcko scoring system to evaluate intermediate-term functional recovery.
8 weeks after injury
Sollerman Hand Function Test Score
Time Frame: 8 weeks after injury
Hand function during activities of daily living assessed using the Sollerman Hand Function Test.
8 weeks after injury
Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) Score
Time Frame: Within 1-5 days after injury
Fear of movement and reinjury assessed using the Turkish version of the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia during the acute post-injury period.
Within 1-5 days after injury
Modified Hand Injury Severity Classification (MHISC/MEYCS) Score
Time Frame: Within 1-5 days after injury
Injury severity assessed using the Modified Hand Injury Severity Classification (MEYCS) at the time of initial evaluation.
Within 1-5 days after injury

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Ebru Aloğlu Çiftçi

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

June 19, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

December 20, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

March 17, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

June 19, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 19, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

June 25, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

June 25, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 19, 2026

Last Verified

June 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • MarmaraUni-01

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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