Immersive Virtual Reality Versus Manikin-Based Simulation for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training

August 30, 2026 updated by: Nahid Zarifsanaiey, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

From Knowledge to Practice in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training: Comparing Immersive Virtual Reality and Manikin-Based Simulation Among Preclinical Medical Students- A Controlled Interventional Study

This study compared two methods for teaching cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to undergraduate medical students: immersive virtual reality and manikin-based simulation. A total of 129 medical students participated in the study and were assigned to either the immersive virtual reality group or the manikin-based simulation group. The study evaluated students' knowledge and practical CPR skills after the training and assessed their satisfaction with the learning method. The study examined whether immersive virtual reality provided an effective alternative to manikin-based simulation for CPR education.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

129

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Iran
    • Fars
      • Shiraz, Fars, Iran
        • Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:Undergraduate medical students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences enrolled in terms 1 through 5 who were eligible to participate in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training.

Exclusion Criteria:Participants who did not complete the assigned CPR training intervention or the required outcome assessments.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Immersive Virtual Reality
Participants received cardiopulmonary resuscitation training using immersive virtual reality.
Behavioral: Immersive Virtual Reality CPR Training
Participants received cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training using immersive virtual reality. The intervention was designed to provide CPR education and practice in an immersive virtual environment.
Active Comparator: Manikin-Based Simulation
Participants received cardiopulmonary resuscitation training using manikin-based simulation.
Behavioral: Manikin-Based Simulation
Participants received cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training using a manikin-based simulation. The intervention was designed to provide CPR education and hands-on practice using a conventional simulation manikin.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Learner Satisfaction with CPR Training
Time Frame: Immediately after the training intervention
Learner satisfaction with the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training intervention, assessed using a 20-item satisfaction questionnaire with a total score ranging from 20 to 100.
Immediately after the training intervention

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Somaye Nickhah, MSc Student, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

October 12, 2025

Primary Completion (Actual)

November 21, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

November 21, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

August 30, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 30, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

September 3, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

September 3, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 30, 2026

Last Verified

August 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

  • IR.SUMS.REC.1404.352

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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