Brainwave Entrainment Technique in Managing Anxiety and Pain Perception in Pediatric Dental Patients.
29. maj 2026 opdateret af: Malak Hazem, Alexandria University
Effectiveness of Brainwave Entrainment on Anxiety and Pain Perception in Pediatric Dental Patients (A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial)
Pediatric dental anxiety and pain management present significant clinical challenges during routine treatment.
While conventional behavior management techniques exist, their inconsistent effectiveness necessitates the continuous search for alternative solutions.
Brainwave entrainment (BWE) , a novel approach using audiovisual stimuli to induce relaxing alpha waves (8-12 Hz) , shows promise in anxiety and pain management.
However, its application in pediatric dentistry remains insufficiently explored, particularly for invasive dental procedures.
Studieoversigt
Status
Ikke rekrutterer endnu
Betingelser
Intervention / Behandling
Undersøgelsestype
Interventionel
Tilmelding (Anslået)
34
Fase
- Ikke anvendelig
Kontakter og lokationer
Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.
Studiekontakt
- Navn: Malak Hazem Zaghloul, BDS
- Telefonnummer: +201009793275
- E-mail: m.hazem161179.na@alexu.edu.eg
Studiesteder
-
-
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Alexandria, Egypten
- faculty of dentistry Alexandria university
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Kontakt:
- Malak Hazem Zaghloul, BDS
- Telefonnummer: +201009793275
- E-mail: malakhazem1998@gmail.com
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-
Deltagelseskriterier
Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.
Berettigelseskriterier
Aldre berettiget til at studere
- Barn
Tager imod sunde frivillige
Ingen
Beskrivelse
Inclusion Criteria:
Participants enrolled in the study will be selected after fulfilling the following inclusion criteria:
- Healthy six to nine years old.
- Frankl behavioural rating score 2 during preoperative assessment
- Bilateral mandibular primary molars indicated for extraction.
- Written guardian consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
Children with:
- Physical disabilities or psychiatric disorders
- Epilepsy.
- Visual or hearing disabilities
- On photophobia inducing or hearing altering medications.
- Hypersensitivity to local anesthetic drugs used.
Studieplan
Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.
Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?
Design detaljer
- Primært formål: Behandling
- Tildeling: Randomiseret
- Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
- Maskning: Ingen (Åben etiket)
Våben og indgreb
Deltagergruppe / Arm |
Intervention / Behandling |
|---|---|
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Eksperimentel: brainwave entrainment group
Children allocated to this group will undergo 5.5 minutes of brainwave entrainment before dental treatment.
This will be delivered through a headset and a multicolored eyeset compatible with smartphones with eyes closed.The entrainment device will be introduced to the children and the parents.
The children will be given time to accommodate with the device before starting theprocedure and will undergo an entrainment stimulation.
The frequency will be set at 10 Hz and the volume level will be set around 60dB to ensure uniformity among participants.
However patients will have the option to modify the volume settings if they encounter discomfort.
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Children allocated ot this group will undergo 5.5 minutes of brainwave entrainment before dental treatment.
This will be delivered through a headset and a multicolored eyeset compatible with smartphones with eyes closed.The entrainment device will be introduced to the children and the parents.
The children will be given time to accommodate with the device before starting theprocedure and will undergo an entrainment stimulation.
The frequency will be set at 10 Hz and the volume level will be set around 60dB to ensure uniformity among participants.
However patients will have the option to modify the volume settings if they encounter discomfort.
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Aktiv komparator: Basic behavior management technique
Children allocated to this group wil be managed by the basic behavior guidance techniques (Tell-Show-Do).
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Children allocated to this group wil be managed by the basic behavior guidance techniques (Tell-Show-Do).
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Hvad måler undersøgelsen?
Primære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
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Dental anxiety assessment using Venham's Clinical Anxiety Scale
Tidsramme: At baseline (preoperatively) - during needle penetration - during extraction - immediately after extraction (postoperatively)
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VCAS rates the child's anxiety into 6 categories with scores ranging from 0 to 5. A score of 0 means low anxiety and a score of 5 refers to debilitating anxiety so much so that the child is out of contact with the reality of the threat and the requirement of physical restraint.
The operator will assign a score to each child based on the child's response by analvsis of the recorded videotape.
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At baseline (preoperatively) - during needle penetration - during extraction - immediately after extraction (postoperatively)
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Dental anxiety assessment using Pulse rate
Tidsramme: At baseline (preoperatively) - during injection - during extraction - immediately after extraction (postoperatively)
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The pulse rate will be measured using a pulse oximeter
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At baseline (preoperatively) - during injection - during extraction - immediately after extraction (postoperatively)
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Dental pain assessment using Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability Scale
Tidsramme: During injection - During extraction
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It evaluates 5 behavioral categories namely Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability.
Each category is scored 0-2, yielding a total pain score of 0-10 (higher = more severe pain).
The operator will assign a score to each category based on the child's response by analysis of the recorded videotape.
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During injection - During extraction
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Sekundære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
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Dental anxiety assessment using Facial Image Scale
Tidsramme: At baseline (preoperatively) - Immediately after extraction (postoperatively)
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The FIS comprises one item with a response set of five faces (ranging from a very sad to a very smiley face).
Children will be asked to indicate which of the faces they feel most like at that moment, it is a 'state' measure of anxiety that provides an immediate reflection of how the child is feeling.
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At baseline (preoperatively) - Immediately after extraction (postoperatively)
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Dental pain assessment using Faces Pain Scale - Revised
Tidsramme: Immediately after injection - Immediately after extraction
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The Faces pain scale - Revised features 6 gender neutral faces arranged horizontally, showing increasing levels of pain from "no pain" (leftmost face, scored as 0) to "very much pain" (rightmost face, scored as 10).
Children will be asked to point to the face that best matches their pain level.
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Immediately after injection - Immediately after extraction
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Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere
Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.
Sponsor
Efterforskere
- Studieleder: Abdelwahab Samaha, PHD, Alexandria University
- Studiestol: Nadia Aziz Wahba, PHD, Alexandria University
Datoer for undersøgelser
Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.
Studer store datoer
Studiestart (Anslået)
1. maj 2026
Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)
1. august 2026
Studieafslutning (Anslået)
1. oktober 2026
Datoer for studieregistrering
Først indsendt
18. maj 2026
Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier
29. maj 2026
Først opslået (Faktiske)
1. juni 2026
Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler
Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)
1. juni 2026
Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier
29. maj 2026
Sidst verificeret
1. maj 2026
Mere information
Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse
Andre undersøgelses-id-numre
- 1128-08/2025
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