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Optimizing the Beneficial Health Effects of Exercise for Diabetes: Focus on the Liver!

27 de febrero de 2016 actualizado por: Bram Brouwers

Due to the western lifestyle, correlated with a high calorie intake and low physical activity, obesity is becoming a major health problem. All over the world obesity reaches epidemic proportions. Obesity is closely linked to type 2 diabetes, a multi-factorial disease that increases the presence of multiple health problems. Until now, exercise and dietary intervention seem to be the single most effective interventions to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In obesity and type 2 diabetes, not only fat accumulation in adipose tissue, but also fat accumulation in the peripheral tissues occurs. Fat accumulation in peripheral tissues has been associated with insulin resistance. Exercise seems to have a positive effect on the accumulation of fat in the peripheral tissue and on the insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients.

In this study we want to investigate if a prolonged exercise training program can lower the intrahepatic lipid content and can improve the metabolism of the liver in type 2 diabetic patients and patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and to examine if this leads to improvements in metabolic risk markers. To this end, we will include investigation of the effect of exercise on adipose tissue (inflammatory markers and adipocyte size) and skeletal muscle (ex vivo lipid metabolism) to incorporate the effect of exercise on liver, muscle and adipose tissue and to clarify the crosstalk between these tissues in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes.

Descripción general del estudio

Estado

Terminado

Condiciones

Intervención / Tratamiento

Tipo de estudio

Intervencionista

Inscripción (Actual)

81

Fase

  • No aplica

Contactos y Ubicaciones

Esta sección proporciona los datos de contacto de quienes realizan el estudio e información sobre dónde se lleva a cabo este estudio.

Ubicaciones de estudio

  • Países Bajos
    • Limburg
      • Maastricht, Limburg, Países Bajos, 6200MD
        • Maastricht University

Criterios de participación

Los investigadores buscan personas que se ajusten a una determinada descripción, denominada criterio de elegibilidad. Algunos ejemplos de estos criterios son el estado de salud general de una persona o tratamientos previos.

Criterio de elegibilidad

Edades elegibles para estudiar

40 años a 70 años (Adulto, Adulto Mayor)

Acepta Voluntarios Saludables

Sí

Géneros elegibles para el estudio

Masculino

Descripción

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. All subjects:

    • Male sex
    • Age 40-70 years
    • BMI 27-35 kg/m2
    • Stable dietary habits
    • Sedentary: No participation in any kind of sports for at least 2 years.

  2. For diabetic patients only:

    • Must be on sulphonylurea or metformin therapy for at least 6 months with constant dose for at least 2 months, or on a dietary treatment for at least 6 months
    • Well-controlled diabetes: fasting plasma glucose concentration ≥ 7.0 mmol/l and < 10.0 mmol/l at the time of screening.

  3. For subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease:

    • Liver fat content ≥ 5,56%, based on the formula of Kotronen et al. and confirmed with MRS.
    • Fasting plasma glucose concentration must be < 7.0 mmol/l

  4. For control subjects:

    • Liver fat content < 5,56%, based on the formula of Kotronen et al. and confirmed with MRS.
    • Normoglycemic according to the WHO criteria (OGTT)

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. All subjects:

    • Female sex
    • Unstable body weight (weight gain or loss > 3 kg in the past three months)
    • Participation in an intensive weight-loss program or in vigorous exercise program during the last year before the start of the study.
    • Active cardiovascular disease. (This will be determined by questionnaires and by screening on medication. Furthermore, all subjects will undergo a physical examination by a medical doctor).
    • Chronic renal dysfunction (creatinine > 2 increased (normal values: 64-104 µmol/l))
    • Use of Thiazolidines (glitazone/rosiglitazone/pioglitazone/troglitazone)
    • Systolic blood pressure > 160 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure > 100 mmHg
    • Haemoglobin < 7.5 mmol/l (anaemia)
    • Blood donor
    • Use of medication known to interfere with glucose homeostasis (i.e. corticosteroids), except for diabetic patients.
    • Use of anti-thrombotic medication
    • Claustrophobia and contra-indications for MRI
    • Abuse of alcohol(> 3 units (1unit = 10 gram ethanol) per day)
    • Abuse of drugs
    • Participation in another biomedical study within 1 month before the first screening visit

  2. For diabetics:

    • Severe diabetes which requires application of insulin or patients with diabetes-related complications

  3. For controls:

    • Liver disease or liver dysfunction (ALAT > 2.5 x increased)

Plan de estudios

Esta sección proporciona detalles del plan de estudio, incluido cómo está diseñado el estudio y qué mide el estudio.

¿Cómo está diseñado el estudio?

Detalles de diseño

  • Propósito principal: Tratamiento
  • Asignación: No aleatorizado
  • Modelo Intervencionista: Asignación de un solo grupo
  • Enmascaramiento: Ninguno (etiqueta abierta)

Armas e Intervenciones

Grupo de participantes/brazo
Intervención / Tratamiento
Experimental: Healthy control
This group will exist of healthy obese that are matched for BMI and age with the type 2 diabetes group and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease group.
Conductual: Exercise intervention
Subjects will be training for 12 week, 3 times a week. Two times a week they will perform a 30 minutes bicycle training. Once a week they will perform a 30 minutes resistance training.
Experimental: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
This group will exist of people that suffer from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. They will be matched for BMI and age according to the Type 2 diabetes group
Conductual: Exercise intervention
Subjects will be training for 12 week, 3 times a week. Two times a week they will perform a 30 minutes bicycle training. Once a week they will perform a 30 minutes resistance training.
Experimental: Type 2 diabetes patients
This group will exist of patients that suffer from type 2 diabetes
Conductual: Exercise intervention
Subjects will be training for 12 week, 3 times a week. Two times a week they will perform a 30 minutes bicycle training. Once a week they will perform a 30 minutes resistance training.

¿Qué mide el estudio?

Medidas de resultado primarias

Medida de resultado
Medida Descripción
Periodo de tiempo
Proton Magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure the reduction in liver fat content after a training intervention
Periodo de tiempo: 16 weeks
16 weeks
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure the ATP and Pi concentrations in the liver
Periodo de tiempo: 16 weeks
16 weeks
13C-methionine breath test to measure hepatic mitochondrial function
Periodo de tiempo: 16 weeks
Subjects will drink a solution of 200ml H2O with 13C-Methionine. The following 2 hours, every 10 minutes a breath sample will be taken and analysed to measure the concentration of 13C in the exhaled breath.
16 weeks
Euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp for measurement of insulin sensitivity and metabolic flexibility
Periodo de tiempo: 16 weeks
After taking fasting blood samples, a primed constant infusion of glucose is initiated. Plasma glucose levels are clamped at ~5 mmol/L by variable co-infusion of 20 % glucose. Every 5 minutes, blood is sampled for immediate determination of plasma glucose concentration. Glucose infusion rate is adjusted to obtain plasma glucose levels of ~5 mmol/L (euglycemia). A bolus of insulin is then infused. Before and during steady state, substrate oxidation is measured using an indirect calorimeter, which determines metabolic flexibility.
16 weeks
Blood sampling to determine the concentration of cardiovascular risk factors in the blood before and after exercise
Periodo de tiempo: 16 weeks
16 weeks

Medidas de resultado secundarias

Medida de resultado
Medida Descripción
Periodo de tiempo
Peripheral arterial tonometry to measure endothelial function, as a marker for cardiovascular risk.
Periodo de tiempo: 16 weeks
16 weeks
Echography of the heart to measure diastolic dysfunction
Periodo de tiempo: 16 weeks
16 weeks
Fat biopsy to measure adipose tissue inflammatory markers and adipocyte size before and after training intervention
Periodo de tiempo: 16 weeks
A small amount of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (~1g) will be collected under local anaesthesia (2% lidocain) using needle biopsy (with the needle connected to a vacuum syringe). Inflammatory markers in the adipose tissue (e.g. IL-6, IL-8, IL-1b, PAI-1, TNFa, CD68, CD163, CD11b, MCP-1, leptin, adiponectin mRNA expression) and adipocyte size will be analysed
16 weeks
Muscle biopsy to measure muscle mitochondrial density, muscle mitochondrial function and muscle lipid metabolism
Periodo de tiempo: 16 weeks
. After local anaesthesia (2.0% Xylocain without adrenaline), a 5-mm diameter side-cutting needle will be passed through a 7-mm skin incision, according to the protocol of the Medical Ethical committee of the Academic Hospital and University of Maastricht. The muscle biopsy will be used to measure ex vivo lipid metabolism, muscle mitochondrial density and muscle mitochondrial function.
16 weeks

Colaboradores e Investigadores

Aquí es donde encontrará personas y organizaciones involucradas en este estudio.

Patrocinador

Bram Brouwers

Colaboradores

Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation

Investigadores

  • Director de estudio: Patrick Schrauwen, PhD, Maastricht University
  • Investigador principal: Bram MW Brouwers, M.S., Maastricht University

Publicaciones y enlaces útiles

La persona responsable de ingresar información sobre el estudio proporciona voluntariamente estas publicaciones. Estos pueden ser sobre cualquier cosa relacionada con el estudio.

Publicaciones Generales

Fechas de registro del estudio

Estas fechas rastrean el progreso del registro del estudio y los envíos de resultados resumidos a ClinicalTrials.gov. Los registros del estudio y los resultados informados son revisados ​​por la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (NLM) para asegurarse de que cumplan con los estándares de control de calidad específicos antes de publicarlos en el sitio web público.

Fechas importantes del estudio

Inicio del estudio

1 de marzo de 2011

Finalización primaria (Actual)

1 de noviembre de 2015

Finalización del estudio (Actual)

1 de noviembre de 2015

Fechas de registro del estudio

Enviado por primera vez

16 de marzo de 2011

Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad

16 de marzo de 2011

Publicado por primera vez (Estimar)

17 de marzo de 2011

Actualizaciones de registros de estudio

Última actualización publicada (Estimar)

1 de marzo de 2016

Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad

27 de febrero de 2016

Última verificación

1 de febrero de 2016

Más información

Términos relacionados con este estudio

Palabras clave

Términos MeSH relevantes adicionales

Otros números de identificación del estudio

  • MEC 11-3-002

Esta información se obtuvo directamente del sitio web clinicaltrials.gov sin cambios. Si tiene alguna solicitud para cambiar, eliminar o actualizar los detalles de su estudio, comuníquese con register@clinicaltrials.gov. Tan pronto como se implemente un cambio en clinicaltrials.gov, también se actualizará automáticamente en nuestro sitio web. .

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