- ICH GCP
- Yhdysvaltain kliinisten tutkimusten rekisteri
- Kliininen tutkimus NCT07702916
Effect of Hygiene and Menstrual Hygiene Interventions on Learning and Psychosocial Wellbeing in Madagascar (KILONGA2)
Disentangling the Effects of Infrastructure, Sensitization, and Sanitary Pad Distribution on Health, Learning, and Psychosocial Wellbeing Among Adolescent Girls in Rural Madagascar: A Cluster-Randomized Trial
Tutkimuksen yleiskatsaus
Tila
Yksityiskohtainen kuvaus
140 secondary schools were randomly assigned to one of four arms: (1) control, (2) infrastructure only, (3) sensitization + free sanitary pads, or (4) the full combined package. Outcomes are assessed via girls' surveys, teacher/director surveys, and school-level surveys at baseline (Oct 2024), midline, and endline.
This registration draws on two overlapping analytic samples. The first is the full 140-school evaluation sample (35 schools/arm; approximately 3,080 girls, ~22/school), used for the cognitive/academic composite, self-reported psychosocial well-being (GAD-7, PHQ-9), and health outcomes that do not require biospecimen collection or laboratory processing - self-reported infectious disease symptoms, mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC), and self-reported urinary tract infection. These are collected during the social-science endline survey (May-June 2026), concurrent with the parent trial's learning and psychosocial data collection. The second is a 80-school biomarker subsample (approximately 20 schools/arm; ~1,360 girls, ~17/school), used specifically for salivary cortisol and blood-based C-reactive protein (CRP) drawn from a venipuncture. These outcomes require biospecimen collection, cold-chain transport, and laboratory assay, and are therefore restricted to the subset of schools logistically accessible for that purpose. They are collected at a separate endline health/biomarker visit at a Basic Health Center (July-August 2026, ~19 months post-baseline).
This registration covers the biomarker outcomes component of the trial, with data collection and analysis completing by approximately December 2026; the broader parent Kilonga 2 trial (registered with the AEA RCT Registry, AEARCTR-0014423) has a longer overall completion date of December 2027, covering the full set of learning and psychosocial endpoints. The biospecimen collection protocol includes additional biomarkers, cortisol and C-reactive protein, as registered secondary outcomes.
This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov retrospectively, after participant enrollment had already begun. At inception (October 2024), the study was designed and IRB-approved (Paris School of Economics IRB #2024-046, approved September 17, 2024) as a social science evaluation focused on learning outcomes, and was prospectively registered with the AEA RCT Registry (AEARCTR-0014423) on September 23, 2024. Registration with ClinicalTrials.gov was initiated upon expanding the study to include health-related biomarker secondary endpoints, in order to comply with ICMJE requirements for biomedical journal publication. The Pre-Analysis Plan covering these health endpoints will be timestamped on the Open Science Framework prior to the start of health data collection in July 2026.
Opintotyyppi
Ilmoittautuminen (Arvioitu)
Vaihe
- Ei sovellettavissa
Yhteystiedot ja paikat
Opiskelupaikat
-
-
-
Antananarivo, Madagaskar
- Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales Malagasy
-
-
Osallistumiskriteerit
Kelpoisuusvaatimukset
Opintokelpoiset iät
- Lapsi
- Aikuinen
Hyväksyy terveitä vapaaehtoisia
Kuvaus
Inclusion Criteria:
- Girl identified in the Kilonga 2 evaluation sample (randomly selected during the December 2024-January 2025 baseline from class registers across the 140 participating schools); participants were 11-20 years old at baseline enrollment and are approximately 12-21 years old at the time of endline/health-outcomes data collection (May-August 2026)
- Full evaluation sample (n~3,080; ~22 girls/school): all girls in the Kilonga 2 sample across the 140 schools are eligible for the cognitive, self-reported psychosocial, and non-biospecimen health outcomes, collected at the social-science endline.
- Biomarker subsample (n~1,360; ~17 girls/school): girls attending one of the 80 schools selected for the health biomarker subsample (logistically accessible for biospecimen collection and cold-chain maintenance) are additionally eligible for salivary cortisol and blood-based C-reactive protein outcomes.
- Informed consent obtained from parent/legal guardian, and assent obtained from the participant herself
Exclusion Criteria:
- Adolescents not meeting the inclusion criteria above
- Adolescents (or their parent/legal guardian) who refuse to participate or who withdraw consent/assent at any time
- Adolescents for whom sample collection is judged impossible or contraindicated at the time of collection (e.g., health status precluding collection)
Opintosuunnitelma
Miten tutkimus on suunniteltu?
Suunnittelun yksityiskohdat
- Ensisijainen käyttötarkoitus: Ennaltaehkäisy
- Jako: Satunnaistettu
- Inventiomalli: Tehtävätehtävä
- Naamiointi: Yksittäinen
Aseet ja interventiot
Osallistujaryhmä / Arm |
Interventio / Hoito |
|---|---|
|
Ei väliintuloa: Ohjaus
Ei väliintuloa
|
|
|
Kokeellinen: School infrastructure only
Construction of latrines and handwashing basins
|
Construction of latrines and handwashing basins
|
|
Kokeellinen: Peer leadership/sensitization + sanitary pads
Young Girl Leaders program, teacher sensitization, WASH competition, free sanitary pad vouchers
|
Young Girl Leaders program, teacher sensitization, WASH competition, free sanitary pad vouchers
|
|
Kokeellinen: Full package
Combination of all interventions: Construction of latrines and handwashing basins and Peer leadership/sensitization + sanitary pads
|
Construction of latrines and handwashing basins
Young Girl Leaders program, teacher sensitization, WASH competition, free sanitary pad vouchers
|
Mitä tutkimuksessa mitataan?
Ensisijaiset tulostoimenpiteet
Tulosmittaus |
Toimenpiteen kuvaus |
Aikaikkuna |
|---|---|---|
|
Learning - Academic Test Scores
Aikaikkuna: Up to 19 months
|
Standardized math/literacy test scores and official school grades (140-school full evaluation sample and 80-school biomarker subsample)
|
Up to 19 months
|
|
Learning - School Grades
Aikaikkuna: Up to 19 months
|
Official school grades (140-school full evaluation sample and and 80-school biomarker subsample)
|
Up to 19 months
|
|
Psychosocial Wellbeing - Heart Rate
Aikaikkuna: Up to 19 months
|
Objective stress measure: heart rate, beats per minute (140-school full evaluation sample and 80-school biomarker subsample)
|
Up to 19 months
|
|
Psychosocial Wellbeing - Blood Pressure
Aikaikkuna: Up to 19 months
|
Objective stress measure: systolic/diastolic blood pressure, mmHg (140-school full evaluation sample and 80-school biomarker subsample)
|
Up to 19 months
|
|
Psychosocial Wellbeing - Salivary Cortisol Reactivity
Aikaikkuna: Up to 19 months
|
Salivary cortisol reactivity (80-school biomarker subsample).
Cortisol reactivity, calculated as the area under the curve with respect to increase (AUCi), based on samples collected at clinic arrival (baseline), 5-8 minutes pre-venipuncture, and 20 minutes post-venipuncture.
AUCi is calculated using the trapezoidal method: the area under the curve with respect to ground (AUCg) is first calculated by summing the areas of the trapezoids formed between each pair of consecutive cortisol values and their corresponding time interval, then subtracting the area under the baseline value across the total sampling duration.
This is expressed as AUCg = Σ[(Ci + Ci+1)/2 × Ti], where Ci is the cortisol concentration at a given timepoint, Ci+1 is the concentration at the subsequent timepoint, and Ti is the time interval between them.
AUCi = AUCg - (baseline cortisol × total sampling duration).
Reported in µg/dL×min.
|
Up to 19 months
|
|
Menstrual stigma
Aikaikkuna: Up to 17 months
|
Self-reported menstrual stigma (140-school full evaluation sample)
|
Up to 17 months
|
Toissijaiset tulostoimenpiteet
Tulosmittaus |
Toimenpiteen kuvaus |
Aikaikkuna |
|---|---|---|
|
Hygiene Knowledge
Aikaikkuna: Up to 17 months
|
Self-reported hygiene knowledge (140-school full evaluation sample)
|
Up to 17 months
|
|
Hygiene Behavior
Aikaikkuna: Up to 17 months
|
Self-reported hygiene behavior (140-school full evaluation sample)
|
Up to 17 months
|
|
Menstrual Knowledge
Aikaikkuna: Up to 17 months
|
Self-reported menstrual hygiene knowledge (140-school full evaluation sample)
|
Up to 17 months
|
|
Menstrual Behavior
Aikaikkuna: Up to 17 months
|
Self-reported menstrual hygiene behavior (140-school full evaluation sample)
|
Up to 17 months
|
|
Student/Teacher Motivation
Aikaikkuna: Up to 17 months
|
Self-reported student/teacher motivation (140-school full evaluation sample)
|
Up to 17 months
|
|
Network Integration
Aikaikkuna: Up to 17 months
|
Self-reported social network integration (140-school full evaluation sample)
|
Up to 17 months
|
|
Bullying
Aikaikkuna: Up to 17 months
|
Self-reported bullying (140-school full evaluation sample)
|
Up to 17 months
|
|
Self-reported Psychosocial Wellbeing
Aikaikkuna: Up to 19 months
|
Self-reported psychosocial wellbeing (140-school full evaluation sample and 80-school biomarker subsample)
|
Up to 19 months
|
|
Information Diffusion
Aikaikkuna: Up to 17 months
|
Self-reported exposure to hygiene/menstruation discussions (140-school full evaluation sample)
|
Up to 17 months
|
|
School Attendance
Aikaikkuna: Up to 17 months
|
Official school attendance records (140-school full evaluation sample)
|
Up to 17 months
|
|
School History
Aikaikkuna: Up to 17 months
|
Official school records of dropout/withdrawal status and grade repetition (140-school full evaluation sample)
|
Up to 17 months
|
|
Sexual Activity
Aikaikkuna: Up to 17 months
|
Self-reported early sexual activity (140-school full evaluation sample)
|
Up to 17 months
|
|
Pregnancy
Aikaikkuna: Up to 19 months
|
Self-reported pregnancy (140-school full evaluation sample and 80-school biomarker subsample)
|
Up to 19 months
|
|
Health - Infectious Disease Symptoms
Aikaikkuna: Up to 19 months
|
Self-reported infectious disease symptoms (140-school full evaluation sample and 80-school biomarker subsample)
|
Up to 19 months
|
|
Health - Mid-Upper-Arm Circumference (MUAC)
Aikaikkuna: Up to 19 months
|
MUAC, cm (140-school full evaluation sample and 80-school biomarker subsample)
|
Up to 19 months
|
|
Health - Urinary Tract Infection
Aikaikkuna: Up to 19 months
|
Self-reported urinary tract infection (140-school full evaluation sample and 80-school biomarker subsample)
|
Up to 19 months
|
|
Health - C-Reactive Protein
Aikaikkuna: Up to 19 months
|
Blood-based C-reactive protein, mg/L (80-school biomarker subsample)
|
Up to 19 months
|
Yhteistyökumppanit ja tutkijat
Sponsori
Yhteistyökumppanit
Tutkijat
- Päätutkija: Audrie Lin, PhD, MPH, University of California Santa Cruz
- Päätutkija: Karen Macours, PhD, Paris School of Economics
- Päätutkija: Duncan Webb, PhD, Nova School of Business and Economics
- Päätutkija: Mariachiara Iannuzzi, MS, Paris School of Economics
- Päätutkija: Oscar M Díaz, MS, Paris School of Economics
- Päätutkija: William Amedanou, MS, Paris School of Economics
- Päätutkija: Juliet Ellenbach, BS, University of California Santa Cruz
- Päätutkija: Eliane Z Ralison, Consultant Associates
- Päätutkija: Andry M Andrianarivelo, MD, Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales Malagasy
- Päätutkija: Ianja I Razanadrakoto, MD, Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales Malagasy
- Päätutkija: Tantely J Ramontalambo, MD, Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales Malagasy
Opintojen ennätyspäivät
Opi tärkeimmät päivämäärät
Opiskelun aloitus (Todellinen)
Ensisijainen valmistuminen (Arvioitu)
Opintojen valmistuminen (Arvioitu)
Opintoihin ilmoittautumispäivät
Ensimmäinen lähetetty
Ensimmäinen toimitettu, joka täytti QC-kriteerit
Ensimmäinen Lähetetty (Todellinen)
Tutkimustietojen päivitykset
Viimeisin päivitys julkaistu (Todellinen)
Viimeisin lähetetty päivitys, joka täytti QC-kriteerit
Viimeksi vahvistettu
Lisää tietoa
Tähän tutkimukseen liittyvät termit
Avainsanat
- biomarkkerit
- anemia
- nuoria
- tulehdus
- suoliston mikrobiomi
- kortisoli
- klusteri-satunnaistettu koe
- Madagaskar
- virtsatieinfektio
- koulupohjainen interventio
- psykososiaalinen stressi
- ympäristön enteraalinen toimintahäiriö
- menstrual hygiene management
- menstrual hygiene intervention
- menstrual stigma reduction intervention
- WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene)
- menstrual stigma
Muita asiaankuuluvia MeSH-ehtoja
- Urogenitaaliset sairaudet
- Patologiset prosessit
- Ravitsemushäiriöt
- Miesten urogenitaaliset sairaudet
- Urologiset sairaudet
- Naisten virtsa- ja sukupuolielinten sairaudet
- Naisten virtsa- ja sukupuolielinten sairaudet ja raskauden komplikaatiot
- Infektiot
- Hematologiset sairaudet
- Patologiset tilat, merkit ja oireet
- Ravitsemukselliset ja aineenvaihduntataudit
- Hemic- ja imusuutteet
- Aliravitsemus
- Tulehdus
- Virtsatieinfektiot
- Anemia
- Laitteet ja tarvikkeet
- Naisten hygieniatuotteet
- Kuukautishygieniatuotteet
Muut tutkimustunnusnumerot
- HS-FY2025-210
- AEARCTR-0014423 (Rekisterin tunniste: The American Economic Association's RCT Registry)
Yksittäisten osallistujien tietojen suunnitelma (IPD)
Aiotko jakaa yksittäisten osallistujien tietoja (IPD)?
IPD-suunnitelman kuvaus
Lääke- ja laitetiedot, tutkimusasiakirjat
Tutkii yhdysvaltalaista FDA sääntelemää lääkevalmistetta
Tutkii yhdysvaltalaista FDA sääntelemää laitetuotetta
Nämä tiedot haettiin suoraan verkkosivustolta clinicaltrials.gov ilman muutoksia. Jos sinulla on pyyntöjä muuttaa, poistaa tai päivittää tutkimustietojasi, ota yhteyttä register@clinicaltrials.gov. Heti kun muutos on otettu käyttöön osoitteessa clinicaltrials.gov, se päivitetään automaattisesti myös verkkosivustollemme .