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Default Options in Advance Directives

29 mars 2019 mis à jour par: Scott Halpern, University of Pennsylvania
In a multicenter, randomized clinical trial of default options in advance directives among patients with incurable diseases, we will determine whether this simple and readily scalable intervention can improve patients quality of life and reduce resource utilization without reducing the number of days that patients are alive and living outside of an acute-care hospital.

Aperçu de l'étude

Statut

Complété

Les conditions

Intervention / Traitement

Type d'étude

Interventionnel

Inscription (Anticipé)

270

Phase

  • N'est pas applicable

Contacts et emplacements

Cette section fournit les coordonnées de ceux qui mènent l'étude et des informations sur le lieu où cette étude est menée.

Lieux d'étude

  • États-Unis
    • Pennsylvania
      • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, États-Unis, 19104
        • Penn Presbyterian Medical Center
      • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, États-Unis, 19107
        • Pennsylvania Hospital
      • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, États-Unis, 19104
        • The Perelman Center for Advance Medicine
      • Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, États-Unis, 15213
        • University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Critères de participation

Les chercheurs recherchent des personnes qui correspondent à une certaine description, appelée critères d'éligibilité. Certains exemples de ces critères sont l'état de santé général d'une personne ou des traitements antérieurs.

Critère d'éligibilité

Âges éligibles pour étudier

18 ans et plus (Adulte, Adulte plus âgé)

Accepte les volontaires sains

Non

Sexes éligibles pour l'étude

Tout

La description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age 18 or older
  • Fluent in English
  • Has seen current physician at least once prior to current visit
  • Resident of Pennsylvania or New Jersey
  • One or more of the following diagnoses:
  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
  • Stage IIIB or IV non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, or cholangiocarcinoma
  • Stage IV breast, colon, esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, prostate, uterine, cervical, ovarian, or urothelial cancer; paraganglioma, or pheochromocytoma
  • Stage C or D hepatocellular carcinoma
  • Stage IV renal cell carcinoma
  • Stage IV or V chronic kidney disease
  • Mesothelioma or any malignancy metastatic to the pleura
  • Other incurable interstitial lung diseases with at least severe restriction on most recent pulmonary function tests or eligible for long-term oxygen therapy
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with at least severe airflow obstruction on most recent spirometry or eligible for long-term oxygen therapy
  • Congestive heart failure with NYHA Class IV status or Class III plus 1 heart failure related hospitalization in the past 12 months or ACC stage D or C classification with 1 heart failure related hospitalization in the past 12 months

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Currently listed for or being considered for solid organ transplant
  • Patients with a previously signed advance directive or living will.

Plan d'étude

Cette section fournit des détails sur le plan d'étude, y compris la façon dont l'étude est conçue et ce que l'étude mesure.

Comment l'étude est-elle conçue ?

Détails de conception

  • Objectif principal: Recherche sur les services de santé
  • Répartition: Randomisé
  • Modèle interventionnel: Affectation parallèle
  • Masquage: Tripler

Armes et Interventions

Groupe de participants / Bras
Intervention / Traitement
Expérimental: Life-extension default
Subjects in this group will receive an advance directive form that defaults to an overall goal of care directed towards life extension (vs. comfort oriented care) unless the subject specifies otherwise. The form also states 4 specific life extending interventions (cardiopulmonary resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, hemodialysis, and feeding tube insertion) will be provided unless patients specifically opt-out from such selections. It also will state that upon discharge from the hospital, long-term care (vs. hospice care) will be provided unless the patient chooses otherwise.
Comportemental: Life-extension default advance directive
Expérimental: Comfort default
Subjects in this group will receive an advance directive form that defaults to an overall goal of care directed towards comfort and relief of pain and suffering (vs. life extension) unless the subject specifies otherwise. The form also states 4 specific life extending interventions (cardiopulmonary resuscitation, mechanical ventilation, hemodialysis, and feeding tube insertion) will be not provided unless patients specifically opts into such selections. It also will state that upon discharge from the hospital, hospice care (vs. long-term care) will be provided unless the patient chooses otherwise.
Comportemental: Comfort default advance directive
Aucune intervention: Standard advance directive
Subjects in the standard advance directive (AD) group will receive an AD that will have no options pre-selected.

Que mesure l'étude ?

Principaux critères de jugement

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
Hospital free days
Délai: 6 months
The primary outcome is "Hospital-Free Days" (HFDs), a measure that PI Halpern has been developing in collaboration with Dr. Jeffrey Silber at Penn's Center for Outcomes Research. As the name describes, HFDs represent the number of days alive and not in an acute care facility. Although this is a simple concept, and provides an outcome measure of obvious importance to patients, the use of HFDs as a primary outcome in an RCT is highly innovative. To bolster confidence in the results, we will evaluate two key variations on the theme. First, we will explore "Healthcare Facility-Free Days," which represents the number of days alive where a patient is in neither an acute care facility, a chronic care facility, or a nursing home. We will also evaluate HFDs within a defined period of follow-up - 6 months in this case. This is analogous to the established outcome of ventilator-free days used commonly in RCTs among ICU patients
6 months

Mesures de résultats secondaires

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
Hospital and ICU admissions
Délai: up to 1 year
The numbers of admissions will be analyzed as count data. From the dates of hospital and ICU admissions, we will calculate the proportion of each patient's total survival time during study follow-up that was spent in the hospital or ICU.
up to 1 year
Costs of care
Délai: up to 1 year
We will combine all costs of inpatient and outpatient hospice, hospital stays, and life-sustaining procedures. The perspective will be that of all potential payers. Costs will be inflated to the date on which analyses are performed using the U.S. gross domestic product deflator
up to 1 year
Hospice utilization
Délai: up to 1 year
We will analyze hospice utilization in 2 ways: (a) time from advance directive completion to hospice enrollment; and (b) duration of hospice utilization prior to death.
up to 1 year
Choices to receive 4 potentially life-sustaining interventions, and the concordance of these choices with whether the interventions were actually received
Délai: up to 1 year
We will record selections that patients made on their advance directives about 4 specific life-sustaining interventions. Utilizing data from the Pennsylvania Healthcare Cost Containment Consortium and the New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, we will be able to determine which patients received each intervention. Thus, we will be able to reliably evaluate the proportions of patients who received unwanted interventions. Because we cannot determine the denominator of patients with indications for these interventions, we will not evaluate the proportions of patients who went without desired services.
up to 1 year
Choices regarding post-hospitalization care, and the concordance of these choices with the care actually received
Délai: up to 1 year
Patients will indicate on their advance directives forms their selections for post-hospitalization care. We will utilize data from the Pennsylvania Health Care Cost Containment Consortium and New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services to asses if the care patient indicate is the care they receive.
up to 1 year
Decision conflict
Délai: up to 1 year
The decision conflict scale is a well-validated instrument used to assess patients' certainty in making healthcare decisions. The DCS will be sent home with consenting patients to complete and return along with their advance directive forms and an instruction sheet explaining to patients that they should complete their advance directive forms first, followed by the DCS, and both should be mailed to the research team in the provided stamped envelope.
up to 1 year
Decision satisfaction
Délai: up to 1 year
Satisfaction will also be measured with the CANHELP instrument's global satisfaction with end-of-life care question.
up to 1 year
Quality of Life using the McGill Quality of Life (MQOL) instrument.
Délai: up to 1 year
The MQOL is a well-Validated and widely used scale designed specifically for patients with serious illnesses. The MQOL can be completed by family members on behalf of patients who have lost the capacity to complete it themselves. Thus, we will have surrogates (the individuals identified on patients' advance directive forms as their appointed healthcare agents) complete the MQOL for incapacitated patients to minimize missing data.
up to 1 year
Surrogates' Perception of the quality of death and dying
Délai: within 3 months of patient death
Because we are recruiting patients with serious life-limiting illnesses, we anticipate that some patients will die over the course of this study period. We will speak with surrogates of deceased patients to assess their perceived quality of death and dying using Prigerson's Quality of Death measure.
within 3 months of patient death
Post-traumatic stress in surrogates
Délai: within 3 months of patient death
The risk of post-traumatic stress disorder in surrogates among deceased patients will be assessed using the Impact of Events Scale. The IES is a valid and reliable scale that has been used frequently to assess PTSD risk among family members of critically ill patients.
within 3 months of patient death

Collaborateurs et enquêteurs

C'est ici que vous trouverez les personnes et les organisations impliquées dans cette étude.

Parrainer

University of Pennsylvania

Collaborateurs

University of Pittsburgh

Les enquêteurs

  • Chercheur principal: Scott D. Halpern, MD, PhD, University of Pennsylvania

Publications et liens utiles

La personne responsable de la saisie des informations sur l'étude fournit volontairement ces publications. Il peut s'agir de tout ce qui concerne l'étude.

Publications générales

Dates d'enregistrement des études

Ces dates suivent la progression des dossiers d'étude et des soumissions de résultats sommaires à ClinicalTrials.gov. Les dossiers d'étude et les résultats rapportés sont examinés par la Bibliothèque nationale de médecine (NLM) pour s'assurer qu'ils répondent à des normes de contrôle de qualité spécifiques avant d'être publiés sur le site Web public.

Dates principales de l'étude

Début de l'étude (Réel)

1 janvier 2014

Achèvement primaire (Réel)

1 novembre 2016

Achèvement de l'étude (Réel)

1 novembre 2016

Dates d'inscription aux études

Première soumission

16 décembre 2013

Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

16 décembre 2013

Première publication (Estimation)

20 décembre 2013

Mises à jour des dossiers d'étude

Dernière mise à jour publiée (Réel)

1 avril 2019

Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

29 mars 2019

Dernière vérification

1 mars 2019

Plus d'information

Termes liés à cette étude

Mots clés

Autres numéros d'identification d'étude

  • UPenn 819325

Ces informations ont été extraites directement du site Web clinicaltrials.gov sans aucune modification. Si vous avez des demandes de modification, de suppression ou de mise à jour des détails de votre étude, veuillez contacter register@clinicaltrials.gov. Dès qu'un changement est mis en œuvre sur clinicaltrials.gov, il sera également mis à jour automatiquement sur notre site Web .

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