- ICH GCP
- Registre américain des essais cliniques
- Essai clinique NCT07618221
Air vs. Liquid: A Study on Cystoscopy Performance and Visibility Enhancement in Macrohematuria Cases (AIROSCOPY)
AIROSCOPY - A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Single-Centre Superiority Study Comparing Air-Based Versus Saline-Based Flexible Cystoscopy for the Identification of the Bleeding Source in Patients With Macroscopic Haematuria
Macroscopic haematuria is a common urological emergency. Diagnostic cystoscopy is the gold standard for identifying the bleeding source; however, blood and clots within the bladder significantly impair endoscopic visibility when saline is used as the distension medium.
Air-based cystoscopy, a technique first described in the 19th century, exploits the immiscibility of gas and blood to maintain clear visualisation even during active bleeding. Despite its theoretical advantages, no randomised clinical data exist to support its use.
AIROSCOPY is a prospective, randomised, controlled, single-centre superiority study comparing air-based versus saline-based flexible cystoscopy in patients with macroscopic haematuria (Grade III-V). Patients are randomised 1:1. Only the index cystoscopy (first randomised modality) contributes to all study endpoints. A second cystoscopy with the alternative modality is performed solely for patient safety to ensure no diagnostic disadvantage from study participation. This second examination is not analysed.
The primary endpoint is identification of the bleeding source during the index cystoscopy (binary: yes/no). Secondary endpoints include time to source identification, total procedure duration, urologist-rated visibility (Likert scale), and patient comfort (Likert scale).
Aperçu de l'étude
Statut
Les conditions
Intervention / Traitement
Description détaillée
Background: Continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) is the current standard management for haematuria, but can delay diagnostic cystoscopy. Gas-based cystoscopy may allow earlier and clearer visualisation of the bladder mucosa.
Design: Prospective, randomised (1:1), controlled, parallel-group, open-label, single-centre superiority trial. Randomisation is stratified by haematuria grade and history of transurethral resection (TUR-B/P), using REDCap.
Intervention: Index cystoscopy with either air (up to 240 ml by syringe) or saline (up to 240 ml by syringe), according to randomisation. A second cystoscopy with the alternative medium follows immediately, exclusively to ensure no diagnostic disadvantage for the patient (results not analysed).
Sample size: N=40 (20 per arm), based on detection rates of 86% (air) vs. 38% (saline), two-sided α=0.05, 80% power, with 20% attrition allowance.
Statistics: Chi-square test (Fisher's exact test) for the primary endpoint; risk ratio and risk difference with 95% CI reported.
Type d'étude
Inscription (Estimé)
Phase
- N'est pas applicable
Contacts et emplacements
Coordonnées de l'étude
- Nom: Lasse Petersen, Dr. med. univ.
- Numéro de téléphone: +41 56 486 3083
- E-mail: lasse.petersen@ksb.ch
Lieux d'étude
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Canton of Aargau
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Baden, Canton of Aargau, Suisse, 5404
- Kantonsspital Baden AG, Department of Urology
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Contact:
- Lasse Petersen, Dr.med. univ.
- Numéro de téléphone: 0041 56 486 3083
- E-mail: lasse.petersen@ksb.ch
-
-
Critères de participation
Critère d'éligibilité
Âges éligibles pour étudier
- Adulte
- Adulte plus âgé
Accepte les volontaires sains
La description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Persistent macroscopic haematuria Grade III-V within 48 hours after hospitalisation
- Age ≥ 18 years
- Unexplained macroscopic haematuria requiring diagnostic cystoscopy
- Ability to give written informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- Pregnant or lactating women
- Haemodynamic instability or urgent need for operative or interventional cystoscopy (requiring cystoscopy within < 24 hours of screening)
- Ureteral stent in situ
- Active urinary tract infection
- Transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB) or prostate (TURP) within the last 6 weeks
Plan d'étude
Comment l'étude est-elle conçue ?
Détails de conception
- Objectif principal: Diagnostique
- Répartition: Randomisé
- Modèle interventionnel: Affectation parallèle
- Masquage: Aucun (étiquette ouverte)
Armes et Interventions
Groupe de participants / Bras |
Intervention / Traitement |
|---|---|
|
Expérimental: Air Cystoscopy
Flexible cystoscopy using air as the distension medium (up to 240 ml, manually administered via bladder syringe).
This is the index cystoscopy for patients randomised to air.
|
Flexible cystoscopy with manual air insufflation (up to 240 ml) via bladder syringe for bladder distension and visualisation.
|
|
Comparateur actif: Saline Cystoscopy
Flexible cystoscopy using 0.9% saline as the distension medium (up to 240 ml, manually administered via bladder syringe).
Standard-of-care procedure.
This is the index cystoscopy for patients randomised to saline.
|
Flexible cystoscopy with manual saline irrigation (up to 240 ml, 0.9% NaCl) via bladder syringe for bladder distension and visualisation.
|
Que mesure l'étude ?
Principaux critères de jugement
Mesure des résultats |
Description de la mesure |
Délai |
|---|---|---|
|
Identification of the underlying cause of macroscopic haematuria during the index cystoscopy
Délai: Immediately after completion of the index cystoscopy (intraoperative)
|
Binary outcome (yes/no).
Assessed in real time by the operating urologist during the index procedure and documented immediately after completion.
'Yes' if a specific bleeding source (e.g., tumour, prostate bleeding, stone, vascular lesion) is identified; 'No' otherwise.
|
Immediately after completion of the index cystoscopy (intraoperative)
|
Mesures de résultats secondaires
Mesure des résultats |
Description de la mesure |
Délai |
|---|---|---|
|
Time to source identification
Délai: Intraoperative
|
Minutes from insertion of the cystoscope to first identification of the bleeding source during the index cystoscopy.
|
Intraoperative
|
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Total procedure duration
Délai: Intraoperative
|
Minutes from insertion to removal of the cystoscope during the index cystoscopy.
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Intraoperative
|
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Urologist-rated visibility
Délai: Immediately after index cystoscopy
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5-point Likert scale (1 = very poor to 5 = excellent), completed by the operating urologist immediately after the index cystoscopy.
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Immediately after index cystoscopy
|
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Patient comfort
Délai: Immediately after index cystoscopy
|
Description: 5-point Likert scale (1 = very uncomfortable to 5 = very comfortable), completed by the patient immediately after the index cystoscopy.
|
Immediately after index cystoscopy
|
Collaborateurs et enquêteurs
Parrainer
Dates d'enregistrement des études
Dates principales de l'étude
Début de l'étude (Estimé)
Achèvement primaire (Estimé)
Achèvement de l'étude (Estimé)
Dates d'inscription aux études
Première soumission
Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
Première publication (Réel)
Mises à jour des dossiers d'étude
Dernière mise à jour publiée (Réel)
Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité
Dernière vérification
Plus d'information
Termes liés à cette étude
Termes MeSH pertinents supplémentaires
- Maladies urogénitales
- Processus pathologiques
- Maladies urogénitales masculines
- Maladies urologiques
- Maladies urogénitales féminines
- Maladies urogénitales féminines et complications de la grossesse
- Troubles urinaires
- Hémorragie
- Conditions pathologiques, signes et symptômes
- Maladies de la vessie urinaire
- Hématurie
Autres numéros d'identification d'étude
- 2026-00787 (Autre identifiant: EKNZ (Ethikkommission Nordwest- und Zentralschweiz))
Plan pour les données individuelles des participants (IPD)
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Informations sur les médicaments et les dispositifs, documents d'étude
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