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Protective Effect of Lactation Against Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Subsequent Pregnancies: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study (LACGDM)

29 mai 2026 mis à jour par: Burak Deniz Aydoğdu, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascıoglu Education and Research Hospital Organization

Protective Effect of Lactation Against Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Subsequent Pregnancy: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder of pregnancy associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity. Lactation has been suggested to improve maternal glucose metabolism, enhance insulin sensitivity, and reduce the risk of future glucose intolerance. However, evidence regarding the protective effect of lactation on the development of GDM in subsequent pregnancies remains limited.

This prospective observational cohort study aims to evaluate the association between lactation and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus and related pregnancy complications in women who conceive during the lactation period. Routine glycemic markers including fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, glycosuria, and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results will be recorded. Ultrasonographic findings including fetal abdominal circumference percentile, estimated fetal weight percentile, and amniotic fluid index will also be assessed. The study will investigate whether lactation is associated with a reduced risk of GDM, fetal macrosomia, and polyhydramnios in subsequent pregnancies.

Aperçu de l'étude

Statut

Recrutement

Les conditions

Description détaillée

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic complications of pregnancy and is associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, including fetal macrosomia, polyhydramnios, cesarean delivery, and future development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Early identification of women at increased risk of GDM is essential for optimizing antenatal care and improving pregnancy outcomes.

Lactation has been reported to exert beneficial metabolic effects through increased glucose utilization, improved insulin sensitivity, and facilitation of postpartum weight loss. Previous studies have suggested that breastfeeding may reduce the long-term risk of type 2 diabetes in women with a history of GDM. However, evidence regarding the protective effect of lactation on the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus in subsequent pregnancies remains limited.

The present prospective observational cohort study aims to evaluate the relationship between lactation and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus in women who become pregnant during the lactation period. Pregnant women aged 18-50 years with singleton pregnancies who attend the participating obstetrics and gynecology clinics will be enrolled. Routine laboratory parameters obtained during antenatal care, including fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, glycosuria, and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results, will be recorded.

In addition, routine ultrasonographic measurements, including fetal abdominal circumference percentile (AC), estimated fetal weight percentile (EFW), and amniotic fluid index (AFI), will be collected during the second and third trimesters. Maternal demographic and obstetric characteristics, including age, gravidity, parity, abortion history, and educational status, will also be documented.

The primary objective of the study is to determine whether lactation is associated with a reduced risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Secondary objectives include evaluating the association between lactation and pregnancy complications related to altered glucose metabolism, including fetal macrosomia and polyhydramnios. The findings of this study may contribute to a better understanding of the metabolic effects of lactation and provide evidence for strategies aimed at reducing the burden of gestational diabetes mellitus in future pregnancy.

Type d'étude

Observationnel

Inscription (Estimé)

140

Contacts et emplacements

Cette section fournit les coordonnées de ceux qui mènent l'étude et des informations sur le lieu où cette étude est menée.

Coordonnées de l'étude

Lieux d'étude

  • Turquie (Türkiye)
      • Istanbul, Turquie (Türkiye), 34384
        • Recrutement
        • Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital
        • Contact:
      • Istanbul, Turquie (Türkiye), 34517
        • Recrutement
        • Esenyurt Necmi Kadıoğlu State Hospital
        • Contact:

Critères de participation

Les chercheurs recherchent des personnes qui correspondent à une certaine description, appelée critères d'éligibilité. Certains exemples de ces critères sont l'état de santé général d'une personne ou des traitements antérieurs.

Critère d'éligibilité

Âges éligibles pour étudier

  • Adulte

Accepte les volontaires sains

Oui

Méthode d'échantillonnage

Échantillon non probabiliste

Population étudiée

Pregnant individuals aged 18-50 years who conceived during the lactation period and are receiving antenatal care at participating obstetrics and gynecology clinics. Participants must have singleton pregnancies and available routine glycemic and ultrasonographic follow-up data. The study population represents women undergoing standard prenatal care in a tertiary care and secondary care hospital setting.

La description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnant individuals aged 18 to 50 years.
  • Singleton pregnancy.
  • Conception during the lactation period.
  • Follow-up at Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital or Esenyurt Necmi Kadıoğlu State Hospital.
  • Availability of glycemic parameters including fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, glycosuria, and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results.
  • Availability of routine ultrasonographic measurements including fetal abdominal circumference percentile (AC), estimated fetal weight percentile (EFW), and amniotic fluid index (AFI).

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Age below 18 years.
  • Age above 50 years.
  • Multiple pregnancy.
  • Known chronic systemic disease or pre-existing diabetes mellitus.
  • Missing clinical, laboratory, or ultrasonographic data.

Plan d'étude

Cette section fournit des détails sur le plan d'étude, y compris la façon dont l'étude est conçue et ce que l'étude mesure.

Comment l'étude est-elle conçue ?

Détails de conception

Cohortes et interventions

Groupe / Cohorte
Pregnant Women During Lactation Period
Singleton pregnant women aged 18-50 years who conceived during the lactation period and were followed at participating obstetrics and gynecology clinics.

Que mesure l'étude ?

Principaux critères de jugement

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
Incidence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Délai: 24-28 weeks of gestation
Occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosed by the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test performed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation.
24-28 weeks of gestation

Mesures de résultats secondaires

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
Fetal Macrosomia
Délai: From second trimester until delivery
Presence of fetal macrosomia assessed according to routine obstetric ultrasonographic evaluation and/or birth weight.
From second trimester until delivery

Autres mesures de résultats

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
Polyhydramnios
Délai: From second trimester until delivery
Development of polyhydramnios determined by routine ultrasonographic assessment of amniotic fluid volume during pregnancy.
From second trimester until delivery

Collaborateurs et enquêteurs

C'est ici que vous trouverez les personnes et les organisations impliquées dans cette étude.

Parrainer

Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascıoglu Education and Research Hospital Organization

Dates d'enregistrement des études

Ces dates suivent la progression des dossiers d'étude et des soumissions de résultats sommaires à ClinicalTrials.gov. Les dossiers d'étude et les résultats rapportés sont examinés par la Bibliothèque nationale de médecine (NLM) pour s'assurer qu'ils répondent à des normes de contrôle de qualité spécifiques avant d'être publiés sur le site Web public.

Dates principales de l'étude

Début de l'étude (Réel)

15 janvier 2026

Achèvement primaire (Estimé)

31 décembre 2027

Achèvement de l'étude (Estimé)

31 décembre 2027

Dates d'inscription aux études

Première soumission

29 mai 2026

Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

29 mai 2026

Première publication (Réel)

3 juin 2026

Mises à jour des dossiers d'étude

Dernière mise à jour publiée (Réel)

3 juin 2026

Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

29 mai 2026

Dernière vérification

1 mai 2026

Plus d'information

Termes liés à cette étude

Mots clés

Termes MeSH pertinents supplémentaires

Autres numéros d'identification d'étude

  • LAC-GDM-2026-01

Plan pour les données individuelles des participants (IPD)

Prévoyez-vous de partager les données individuelles des participants (DPI) ?

NON

Description du régime IPD

Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared because the study involves patient-level clinical data collected from routine medical records. Data sharing is not included in the current study protocol or ethics committee application, and participant confidentiality and institutional data protection policies will be maintained.

Informations sur les médicaments et les dispositifs, documents d'étude

Étudie un produit pharmaceutique réglementé par la FDA américaine

Non

Étudie un produit d'appareil réglementé par la FDA américaine

Non

Ces informations ont été extraites directement du site Web clinicaltrials.gov sans aucune modification. Si vous avez des demandes de modification, de suppression ou de mise à jour des détails de votre étude, veuillez contacter register@clinicaltrials.gov. Dès qu'un changement est mis en œuvre sur clinicaltrials.gov, il sera également mis à jour automatiquement sur notre site Web .

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