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Frontal Plane Knee Projection Angle and Functional Performance in Adolescent Female Volleyball Players (FPPA-DBA)

14 juillet 2026 mis à jour par: SEFA HAKTAN HATIK, Sinop University

Investigation of the Relationship Between Frontal Plane Knee Projection Angle and Dynamic Balance, Agility, and Ankle Dorsiflexion Mobility in Adolescent Female Volleyball Players

This observational study aims to examine the relationship between frontal plane knee projection angle, dynamic balance, agility performance, and ankle dorsiflexion mobility in adolescent female volleyball players. Frontal plane knee projection angle will be assessed during a single-leg squat using two-dimensional video analysis. Dynamic balance will be evaluated with the Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test, agility with the T-Test, and ankle dorsiflexion mobility with the Weight-Bearing Lunge Test.

All measurements will be completed in a single session under standardized field conditions, and no intervention or experimental treatment will be applied. By investigating how frontal plane knee alignment is associated with functional performance measures, this study may help improve the understanding of biomechanical factors related to movement quality and injury risk in adolescent female volleyball players.

Aperçu de l'étude

Statut

Complété

Les conditions

Description détaillée

This observational, cross-sectional study aims to investigate the relationship between frontal plane knee projection angle (FPPA), dynamic balance, agility performance, and ankle dorsiflexion mobility in adolescent female volleyball players. Volleyball is a sport that requires repeated jumping, landing, lateral movements, and rapid changes of direction, which place considerable biomechanical demands on the lower extremities. In adolescent female athletes, lower-limb movement patterns may be influenced by growth, maturation, and neuromuscular control, making this population important for biomechanical assessment.

The primary study variable will be frontal plane knee projection angle, assessed during a single-leg squat using two-dimensional video analysis. Secondary measures will include dynamic balance assessed with the Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test, agility assessed with the T-Test, and ankle dorsiflexion mobility assessed with the Weight-Bearing Lunge Test. All assessments will be completed in a single session under standardized field conditions. No intervention, treatment, or experimental exercise program will be applied.

The study is designed to explore whether frontal plane knee alignment is associated with functional performance measures in adolescent female volleyball players. A better understanding of these relationships may contribute to the identification of biomechanical characteristics related to lower-extremity movement quality and potential injury risk in this population.

Type d'étude

Observationnel

Inscription (Réel)

70

Contacts et emplacements

Cette section fournit les coordonnées de ceux qui mènent l'étude et des informations sur le lieu où cette étude est menée.

Lieux d'étude

  • Turquie (Türkiye)
    • Ödemiş
      • Izmir, Ödemiş, Turquie (Türkiye), 35750
        • AB Volleyball Academy

Critères de participation

Les chercheurs recherchent des personnes qui correspondent à une certaine description, appelée critères d'éligibilité. Certains exemples de ces critères sont l'état de santé général d'une personne ou des traitements antérieurs.

Critère d'éligibilité

Âges éligibles pour étudier

  • Enfant
  • Adulte

Accepte les volontaires sains

Oui

Méthode d'échantillonnage

Échantillon non probabiliste

Population étudiée

The study population consisted of adolescent female volleyball players aged 10 to 19 years who were regularly training at least 3 days per week at AB Volleyball Academy in Izmir, Türkiye. Only participants who had reached menarche and met all eligibility criteria were included.

La description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Being female and between 10 and 19 years of age
  • Participating in regular volleyball training at least 3 days per week
  • Having reached menarche

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Having sustained a lower extremity injury within the previous 6 months
  • Having a history of lower extremity surgery
  • Using medication that could affect balance, attention, or physical performance
  • Having a neurological, orthopedic, or systemic condition that could affect performance

Plan d'étude

Cette section fournit des détails sur le plan d'étude, y compris la façon dont l'étude est conçue et ce que l'étude mesure.

Comment l'étude est-elle conçue ?

Détails de conception

Cohortes et interventions

Groupe / Cohorte
Adolescent Female Volleyball Players
Adolescent female volleyball players who were regularly training at AB Volleyball Academy and participated in this observational study. All participants completed biomechanical and functional assessments in a single session, including frontal plane knee projection angle during a single-leg squat, dynamic balance, agility, and ankle dorsiflexion mobility measurements. No intervention or experimental treatment was applied.

Que mesure l'étude ?

Principaux critères de jugement

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
Frontal Plane Projection Angle
Délai: At a single assesment sessiomn
Frontal plane projection angle (FPPA) was assessed using SparkMotion software. FPPA was calculated from the angle between a line from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the midpoint of the patella and a line from the patellar midpoint to the midpoint between the medial and lateral malleoli; this value was subtracted from 360° to obtain FPPA. Values ≥195° were descriptively classified as increased FPPA. Frontal-plane video was recorded using an iPad mounted on a tripod positioned 3 m from the participant and 1 m above the ground. Participants performed a single-leg squat with arms crossed over the chest at a metronome-paced tempo (2 s descent, 2 s ascent). FPPA was measured at the deepest squat position reached while maintaining balance. After 3 practice trials, 5 consecutive recorded squats were performed, and the third trial was used for analysis.
At a single assesment sessiomn

Mesures de résultats secondaires

Mesure des résultats
Description de la mesure
Délai
Y - Balance Test
Délai: At a single assesment session
Dynamic balance was assessed using the Lower Quarter Y-Balance Test (YBT-LQ). This standardized test evaluates reach distance in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions while maintaining single-leg stance. Reach distances were recorded to the nearest 0.5 cm using the Y Balance Test kit. Before testing, leg length was measured from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the distal tip of the medial malleolus, and results were normalized to leg length. Participants completed 6 practice trials before testing, followed by 3 valid trials in each direction. Invalid trials were repeated, and the mean of the 3 valid trials for each direction was used for analysis. The composite score was calculated by dividing the sum of the 3 reach distances by 3 times leg length and multiplying by 100.
At a single assesment session
T - Test
Délai: At a single assesment session
Agility was assessed using the T-Test. The test course was set up in a T shape with 4 cones: cone A was positioned 9.14 m from the center cone B, and cones C and D were placed 4.57 m to the left and right of cone B. Participants started at cone A, sprinted to cone B, shuffled laterally to touch cone C, then shuffled to touch cone D, returned to cone B, and backpedaled to cone A to complete the test. Time was recorded using a photocell timing system. After 2 familiarization trials, participants performed 3 valid trials with 3 minutes of rest between trials, and the best time was used for analysis.
At a single assesment session
Weight - Bearing Lunge Test
Délai: At a single assesment session
nkle dorsiflexion mobility was assessed using the Weight-Bearing Lunge Test (WBLT). Participants were positioned facing a wall in a tandem stance, with the tested foot aligned perpendicular to the wall and the non-tested rear heel lifted. They were instructed to place their hands on the wall and move the front knee toward it while keeping the tested heel in contact with the ground. The foot was moved away from the wall in 1 cm increments until the maximum distance at which the knee could still touch the wall without heel lift was identified. The farthest valid distance between the great toe and the wall was measured in centimeters. Three valid trials were recorded for each lower extremity, and the mean value was used for analysis. Trials with heel lift, marked lower-extremity compensations, or loss of proper test position were repeated.
At a single assesment session

Collaborateurs et enquêteurs

C'est ici que vous trouverez les personnes et les organisations impliquées dans cette étude.

Parrainer

Sinop University

Publications et liens utiles

La personne responsable de la saisie des informations sur l'étude fournit volontairement ces publications. Il peut s'agir de tout ce qui concerne l'étude.

Publications générales

Dates d'enregistrement des études

Ces dates suivent la progression des dossiers d'étude et des soumissions de résultats sommaires à ClinicalTrials.gov. Les dossiers d'étude et les résultats rapportés sont examinés par la Bibliothèque nationale de médecine (NLM) pour s'assurer qu'ils répondent à des normes de contrôle de qualité spécifiques avant d'être publiés sur le site Web public.

Dates principales de l'étude

Début de l'étude (Réel)

1 mars 2026

Achèvement primaire (Réel)

3 mars 2026

Achèvement de l'étude (Réel)

1 juillet 2026

Dates d'inscription aux études

Première soumission

14 juillet 2026

Première soumission répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

14 juillet 2026

Première publication (Réel)

17 juillet 2026

Mises à jour des dossiers d'étude

Dernière mise à jour publiée (Réel)

17 juillet 2026

Dernière mise à jour soumise répondant aux critères de contrôle qualité

14 juillet 2026

Dernière vérification

1 juillet 2026

Plus d'information

Termes liés à cette étude

Mots clés

Autres numéros d'identification d'étude

  • FPPATTADF1

Plan pour les données individuelles des participants (IPD)

Prévoyez-vous de partager les données individuelles des participants (DPI) ?

NON

Informations sur les médicaments et les dispositifs, documents d'étude

Étudie un produit pharmaceutique réglementé par la FDA américaine

Non

Étudie un produit d'appareil réglementé par la FDA américaine

Non

Ces informations ont été extraites directement du site Web clinicaltrials.gov sans aucune modification. Si vous avez des demandes de modification, de suppression ou de mise à jour des détails de votre étude, veuillez contacter register@clinicaltrials.gov. Dès qu'un changement est mis en œuvre sur clinicaltrials.gov, il sera également mis à jour automatiquement sur notre site Web .

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