The Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Periodontal Therapy
Outcomes of Periodontal Therapy in Smokers and Non-smokers With Chronic Periodontitis
연구 개요
상태
상세 설명
The overall aim of this work was to study clinical outcomes of active and supportive periodontal therapy in smokers and non-smokers with chronic periodontitis at patient, tooth, and site level. Moreover, to compare the periopathogenic microflora and inflammatory markers in gingival crevicular fluid and in blood in smokers and non-smokers following therapy.
Eighty patients, 40 smokers and 40 non-smokers, with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis were included in this prospective cohort study and treated non-surgically and surgically, and then followed-up in a supportive periodontal therapy program for 12 months. Smoking status was validated measuring serum cotinine levels at pre-treatment and 12 months following supportive periodontal therapy.
Clinical measurements included full mouth recordings of clinical attachment level, probing depth, bleeding on probing, and plaque index at pre-treatment and following active and supportive periodontal therapy. At the same timepoints, subgingival plaque samples of 20 subgingival periopathogenic bacterial species were analysed using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. Blood samples (PAXgeneBlood), serum, gingval crevicular fluid were also collected at the three timepoints.
연구 유형
등록 (실제)
단계
- 해당 없음
참여기준
자격 기준
공부할 수 있는 나이
건강한 자원 봉사자를 받아들입니다
연구 대상 성별
설명
Inclusion Criteria:
- healthy subjects
- age 35-75 years
- diagnosed with chronic periodontitis
- at least four non-adjacent teeth with proximal sites with a PD ≥6 mm and clinical attachment loss ≥5 mm with BoP and no radiographic signs of apical pathology.
- either smokers (>10 cigarettes per day for at least 5 years) or non-smokers (never smoked or not within the last 5 years).
Exclusion Criteria:
- subjects who presented with any current medical condition or used medications known to affect periodontal healing
- incorrectly reported smoking status
- use of antibiotics within 6 months of the study
- received subgingival scaling within 6 months of the study
공부 계획
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디자인 세부사항
- 주 목적: 치료
- 할당: 무작위화되지 않음
- 중재 모델: 병렬 할당
- 마스킹: 없음(오픈 라벨)
무기와 개입
참가자 그룹 / 팔 |
개입 / 치료 |
|---|---|
|
활성 비교기: Cigarette smokers with periodontitis
Periodontal therapy in cigarette smokers
|
Non-surgical and surgical periodontal therapy in cigarette smokers and non-smokers
다른 이름들:
|
|
활성 비교기: Non-smokers with periodontitis
Periodontal therapy in non-smokers
|
Non-surgical and surgical periodontal therapy in cigarette smokers and non-smokers
다른 이름들:
|
연구는 무엇을 측정합니까?
주요 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
|---|---|---|
|
PD ≥5 mm with BoP
기간: 24 months
|
Corrected for clustering within patients, teeth, and sites over time, was the unit of the analysis and PD ≥5 mm with BoP was the outcome (dependent variable) dichotomized as present (1) or absent (0).
|
24 months
|
2차 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
|---|---|---|
|
Teeth present
기간: 24 months
|
Number of teeth
|
24 months
|
|
Clinical periodontal attachmentloss
기간: 24 months
|
Clinical attachment loss in mm
|
24 months
|
|
Periodontal pocket depth
기간: 24 months
|
Probing depth in mm
|
24 months
|
|
Bleeding at site level
기간: 24 months
|
Bleeding on probing (yes or no)
|
24 months
|
|
Bleeding at patient level
기간: 24 months
|
Bleeding index in percentage (%)
|
24 months
|
|
Plaque at patient level
기간: 24 months
|
Plaque index in percentage (%)
|
24 months
|
|
Amount of periopathogenic bacteria
기간: 24 months
|
Subgingival plaque samples of 20 subgingival periopathogenic bacterial species were analysed using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization.
|
24 months
|
|
Inflammatory gingival crevicular fluid markers (proteins)
기간: 24 months
|
Concentrations of gingival crevicular fluid biomarkers measured in pg/mLwere analysed using multiplex and singleplex micro-bed immunoassays.
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24 months
|
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Serum proteins
기간: 24 months
|
Concentration of inflammatory serum markers measured in pg/ɥL determined using multiplex kit Bio-Plex Human ProTM Assay.
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24 months
|
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Gene expression in blood
기간: 24 months
|
Inflammatory gene (RNA) expression levels is estimated by counting the reads that map to genes or exones using the the RPKM (Reads per Kilobases per Million reads) methods.
|
24 months
|
공동 작업자 및 조사자
수사관
- 수석 연구원: Dagmar F. Bunæs, PhD, Department of Clinical Dentistry - Periodontics, University of Bergen, NORWAY
간행물 및 유용한 링크
일반 간행물
- Bunaes DF, Lie SA, Enersen M, Aastrom AN, Mustafa K, Leknes KN. Site-specific treatment outcome in smokers following non-surgical and surgical periodontal therapy. J Clin Periodontol. 2015 Oct;42(10):933-42. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12462. Epub 2015 Oct 28.
- Bunaes DF, Mustafa M, Mohamed HG, Lie SA, Leknes KN. The effect of smoking on inflammatory and bone remodeling markers in gingival crevicular fluid and subgingival microbiota following periodontal therapy. J Periodontal Res. 2017 Aug;52(4):713-724. doi: 10.1111/jre.12438. Epub 2017 Mar 17.
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연구 주요 날짜
연구 시작 (실제)
기본 완료 (실제)
연구 완료 (실제)
연구 등록 날짜
최초 제출
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처음 게시됨 (실제)
연구 기록 업데이트
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QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출
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