Medial Arch-Support Wrestling Shoes and Foot Posture Preservation in Adolescent Wrestlers (MAWS-RCT)
Medial Arch-Support Wrestling Shoes and Foot Posture Preservation in Adolescent Wrestlers: A Three-Year Randomized Controlled Trial
This three-year randomized controlled trial investigated whether wrestling shoes with built-in medial arch support can preserve foot arch structure in adolescent male wrestlers compared to standard wrestling shoes without arch support.
A total of 88 adolescent male wrestlers (age 11 at baseline) were randomly assigned to wear either modified wrestling shoes with integrated medial arch support (intervention group, n=44) or standard commercially available wrestling shoes (control group, n=44). Foot posture was assessed annually using the Staheli Arch Index via podoscopy. Plantar pressure distribution was recorded using the Tekscan F-Scan system. The study followed participants for three years.
The primary aim was to determine whether medial arch-support wrestling shoes reduce the emergence of flat foot (pes planus) compared with standard wrestling shoes during a critical period of foot development in young athletes.
연구 개요
상태
연구 유형
등록 (실제)
단계
- 해당 없음
연락처 및 위치
연구 장소
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Malatya, 터키 (Türkiye)
- Regional Boarding School (YBO)
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참여기준
자격 기준
공부할 수 있는 나이
- 어린이
건강한 자원 봉사자를 받아들입니다
설명
Inclusion Criteria:
- Registered wrestlers at Regional Boarding Schools (YBO)
- Training frequency of 3 or more days per week
- No lower extremity injury within the preceding 6 months
- No current orthopedic insole use
- Normal foot posture at baseline
Exclusion Criteria:
- Prior lower extremity surgery
- Neurological disorders
- Rheumatological disorders
- Severe congenital foot deformity
- Current orthopedic insole use
- Existing foot deformity at baseline
공부 계획
연구는 어떻게 설계됩니까?
디자인 세부사항
- 주 목적: 방지
- 할당: 무작위
- 중재 모델: 병렬 할당
- 마스킹: 하나의
무기와 개입
참가자 그룹 / 팔 |
개입 / 치료 |
|---|---|
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실험적: Modified Wrestling Shoe (Arch Support)
Participants wore modified wrestling shoes with integrated medial arch support, multi-density rubber outsole, reinforced heel stabilization, structured midfoot midsole, and optimized plantar contact geometry for three years during all wrestling training sessions.
Shoe sizes were monitored and replaced as needed.
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Modified wrestling shoe incorporating a multi-density rubber outsole, integrated medial longitudinal arch support, reinforced heel stabilization with hidden heel pads, structured midfoot midsole, four-way stretch Scuba fabric upper, and adhesive Velcro tape closure system.
Designed to redistribute plantar pressure and preserve medial longitudinal arch structure during wrestling training.
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활성 비교기: Standard Wrestling Shoe
Participants wore standard commercially available wrestling shoes featuring a flat thin rubber outsole, no cushioning midsole, no arch support, near-zero heel drop, and a high collar for three years during all wrestling training sessions.
Shoe sizes were monitored and replaced as needed.
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Conventional commercially available wrestling shoe featuring a thin flat rubber outsole, hard insole without arch support, tight lacing system, high collar, and rigid non-flexible plastic base.
No medial arch support or plantar load redistribution features.
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연구는 무엇을 측정합니까?
주요 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
|---|---|---|
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Foot Posture Classification (Staheli Arch Index)
기간: Baseline, Year 1, Year 2, Year 3
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Foot posture was classified annually using the Staheli Arch Index (SAI) assessed via podoscopy.
Classifications: normal (SAI 0.45-0.89),
flexible pes planus (SAI 0.90-1.00),
and rigid pes planus (SAI ≥1.01, confirmed by Jack Toe Raise Test).
Between-group differences were evaluated using Fisher's exact test with Bonferroni correction.
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Baseline, Year 1, Year 2, Year 3
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2차 결과 측정
결과 측정 |
측정값 설명 |
기간 |
|---|---|---|
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Plantar Pressure Distribution
기간: Year 3
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Dynamic plantar pressure distribution was recorded using the Tekscan F-Scan system (3000E sensors, 100 Hz) during 30-second walking trials on a UWW-approved mat.
Pressure maps were evaluated qualitatively for midfoot contact area and center of pressure trajectory.
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Year 3
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Standing Height
기간: Baseline, Year 1, Year 2
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Standing height (cm) was measured using a calibrated stadiometer at each assessment point.
Between-group differences were analyzed using mixed-design ANOVA (group × time).
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Baseline, Year 1, Year 2
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Body Mass
기간: Baseline, Year 1, Year 2
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Body mass (kg) was measured using a calibrated scale at each assessment point.
Between-group differences were analyzed using mixed-design ANOVA (group × time).
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Baseline, Year 1, Year 2
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공동 작업자 및 조사자
스폰서
수사관
- 수석 연구원: Mahmut Açak, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University
연구 기록 날짜
연구 주요 날짜
연구 시작 (실제)
기본 완료 (실제)
연구 완료 (실제)
연구 등록 날짜
최초 제출
QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출
처음 게시됨 (실제)
연구 기록 업데이트
마지막 업데이트 게시됨 (실제)
QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출
마지막으로 확인됨
추가 정보
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