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Clinical, Dermoscopic, and Mycological Characteristics of Tinea Capitis in Children

1. september 2026 oppdatert av: Walaa Hemdan Aboelhasan, Sohag University

Clinical, Dermoscopic, and Mycological Characteristics of Tinea Capitis in Children: A Cross-sectional Study

Tinea capitis is a common dermatophyte infection of the scalp in children aged 0-9 years .The prevalence of tinea capitis in Egypt is 0.4% and higher in public than private schools, Boys were more affected than girls according to children by 5:1 ratio , It is more prevalent in those who live in urban areas, large families, low socioeconomic level, crowded living conditions and immunocompromised people . Tinea capitis is caused by dermatophyte fungi Trichophyton and Microsporum genera. These fungi are classified as: anthropophilic, zoophilic, and geophilic according to the route of infection. These fungi invade the hair shaft in two routes: ectothrix and endothrix . T.tonsurans and T.violaceum are reported to be the most common cause of tinea capitis

Studieoversikt

Status

Har ikke rekruttert ennå

Forhold

Intervensjon / Behandling

Detaljert beskrivelse

Clinical types of tinea capitis include : scaly type (characterized by fine scaling and circular alopecia), black dot (characterized by non-inflammatory patches with broken-off, swollen hair stubs), tinea agminate (patchy alopecia with scattered pustules or low-grade folliculitis), kerion (painful, boggy, inflammatory masses with alopecia, often confused with bacterial abscess) and favus (scutula, mousy odor) . Tinea incognito (steroid modified tinea) refers to dermatophytosis that has lost their usual clinical appearance due to the use of steroids.

The main clinical feature of dermatophyte scalp infections is the appearance of scaling of the scalp skin, which is associated with a variable degree of inflammation and itching . In some cases, the infection closely resembles seborrheic dermatitis or dandruff of the scalp. A pathognomonic feature is hair loss; hair often breaks a few millimeters or more above the skin surface. Broken or infected hairs are also slightly swollen and have a dull appearance .

Trichoscopy is a non-invasive and very useful technique for the diagnosis and follow-up of hair and scalp disorders. The presence of certain trichoscopic features allows accurate identifying of tinea capitis. In tinea capitis, specific signs can be seen like comma hair, corkscrew hair, bar code-like hair and zigzag hair . In tinea incognito trichoscopic finding include erythema, scaling, bent hair, Morse code hair, and micropustules .

Mycological examination was first performed using Potassium Hydroxide(KOH) to confirm the diagnosis of tinea capitis where the patients with positive KOH were considered to have endothrix when observing arthroconidia inside the hair shaft and ectothrix when observing arthroconidia outside the hair shaft. The fungal culture also done to accurately recognize the organism through inoculation of samples on Sabouraud medium agar (SDA) with and without chloramphenicol(nonspecific medium) . And Dermasel medium agar act as specific medium.

The increase in antifungal resistance has recently been observed worldwide and resistant strains of the dermatophytes T. rubrum and T. indotineae have spread globally, causing outbreaks of extensive, difficult to treat infections , so we need rapid and reliable diagnostic tools that provide clues regarding the causative organisms.

Studietype

Observasjonsmessig

Registrering (Antatt)

100

Kontakter og plasseringer

Denne delen inneholder kontaktinformasjon for de som utfører studien, og informasjon om hvor denne studien blir utført.

Studiekontakt

Studer Kontakt Backup

  • Navn: Walaa Hemdan Abu Alhassan, Demonstrator

Studiesteder

  • Egypt
      • Sohag, Egypt
        • Faculty of Medicine , Sohag university
        • Ta kontakt med:
        • Ta kontakt med:
          • Walaa Hemdan

Deltakelseskriterier

Forskere ser etter personer som passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kalt kvalifikasjonskriterier. Noen eksempler på disse kriteriene er en persons generelle helsetilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Kvalifikasjonskriterier

Alder som er kvalifisert for studier

  • Barn
  • Voksen

Tar imot friske frivillige

Nei

Prøvetakingsmetode

Ikke-sannsynlighetsprøve

Studiepopulasjon

The study will be conducted at the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic in Sohag University Hospitals.

Study population: The study population will be all patients with tinea capitis both male and female in childhood period, Aged 1-18 years old

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

- Both male and female in childhood period (1-18 years) with tinea capitis

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Topical or systemic antifungal medications one month prior to enrollment in the study
  • Presence of systemic disease, such as hepatic,renal, cardiac, autoimmune diseases, or malignancy

Studieplan

Denne delen gir detaljer om studieplanen, inkludert hvordan studien er utformet og hva studien måler.

Hvordan er studiet utformet?

Designdetaljer

Kohorter og intervensjoner

Gruppe / Kohort
Intervensjon / Behandling
patients with tinea capitis both male and female in childhood period
Diagnostisk test: Dermoscopic examination: the findings are divided into pathognomic and non-specific signs
  1. Pathognomic signs: comma hairs, corkscrew hairs, Morse code like hairs and zig-zag hairs.
  2. Non-specific signs: black dots, broken hairs, perifollicular scaling and inter follicular erythema
Diagnostisk test: Direct Microscopy (KOH) examination
  1. Suspected lesions will be swabbed with 70% ethyl alcohol then scalp scraping using the blunt edge of a sterile surgical blade
  2. Skin scales and crusts will be collected from the erythematous, peripheral, actively expanding edges of the lesions onto clean glass slides by scraping the inflamed lesions the scales will contain infected stumps of hair
  3. Hair will be removed with the root intact (hair cutting will be avoided)
  4. Specimen will be prepared by mounting the sample in (10-30%) of potassium hydroxide with 40% Dimethyle sulphoxide (DMSO) drops on the petri slide to soften the tissue, allowing a thin layer of cells to form.
Diagnostisk test: Fungal culture:
Specimen will be cultured on sabouraud's dextrose agar (SDA) at 25 -30 c for 2 to 4 weeks and another specimen will be cultured on a Dermasel agar base (Oxoid, UK), both supplemented with chloramphenicol and cycloheximide , staining the fungal colonies by Lactophenol cotton blue to help the examination of colonial morphology and microscopic examination of the macro-conidia allow the identification of the dermatophyte species and suitable treatment
Diagnostisk test: Antifungal sensitivity:
Antifungal susceptibility testing will be performed to determine the specific sensitivity profiles of the fungal isolates. Antifungal susceptibility testing will be performed using seven antifungal agents: Terbinafine, Itraconazole, Griseofulvin, Fluconazole, Ketoconazole, Vorioconole and Miconazole. Dermatophytes colonies will be probed from Dermasel agar cultures.

Hva måler studien?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Percentage of participants presenting with specific clinical patterns of tinea capitis
Tidsramme: At the time of initial clinical evaluation
Clinical evaluation will be performed to identify and classify the presentation of tinea capitis lesions (e.g., scaly patches, black dots, kerion, favus).
At the time of initial clinical evaluation
Percentage of participants exhibiting specific dermoscopic features of tinea capitis
Tidsramme: At the time of initial dermoscopic evaluation
Dermoscopic examination using a handheld dermatoscope to identify characteristic signs including comma hairs, corkscrew hairs, broken hairs, and scaling.
At the time of initial dermoscopic evaluation
Prevalence of isolated fungal species among pediatric tinea capitis cases
Tidsramme: At the time of initial sample collection and culture identification
Mycological evaluation including direct microscopic KOH preparation and fungal culture on agar media to isolate and identify the causative fungal pathogens.
At the time of initial sample collection and culture identification

Samarbeidspartnere og etterforskere

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Sponsor

Sohag University

Etterforskere

  • Studiestol: Mohammed Abu El Hamd Ali, Faculty of Medicine , Sohag university
  • Studiestol: Doaa Gaber Abdelbaset, Faculty of Medicine , Sohag university

Publikasjoner og nyttige lenker

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Hjelpsomme linker

Studierekorddatoer

Disse datoene sporer fremdriften for innsending av studieposter og sammendragsresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter og rapporterte resultater gjennomgås av National Library of Medicine (NLM) for å sikre at de oppfyller spesifikke kvalitetskontrollstandarder før de legges ut på det offentlige nettstedet.

Studer hoveddatoer

Studiestart (Antatt)

20. september 2026

Primær fullføring (Antatt)

20. november 2026

Studiet fullført (Antatt)

20. august 2027

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først innsendt

28. august 2026

Først innsendt som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

1. september 2026

Først lagt ut (Faktiske)

3. september 2026

Oppdateringer av studieposter

Sist oppdatering lagt ut (Faktiske)

3. september 2026

Siste oppdatering sendt inn som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

1. september 2026

Sist bekreftet

1. september 2026

Mer informasjon

Begreper knyttet til denne studien

Nøkkelord

Ytterligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre studie-ID-numre

  • Soh-Med-26-8-10MS

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