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Clinical, Dermoscopic, and Mycological Characteristics of Tinea Capitis in Children

1 september 2026 uppdaterad av: Walaa Hemdan Aboelhasan, Sohag University

Clinical, Dermoscopic, and Mycological Characteristics of Tinea Capitis in Children: A Cross-sectional Study

Tinea capitis is a common dermatophyte infection of the scalp in children aged 0-9 years .The prevalence of tinea capitis in Egypt is 0.4% and higher in public than private schools, Boys were more affected than girls according to children by 5:1 ratio , It is more prevalent in those who live in urban areas, large families, low socioeconomic level, crowded living conditions and immunocompromised people . Tinea capitis is caused by dermatophyte fungi Trichophyton and Microsporum genera. These fungi are classified as: anthropophilic, zoophilic, and geophilic according to the route of infection. These fungi invade the hair shaft in two routes: ectothrix and endothrix . T.tonsurans and T.violaceum are reported to be the most common cause of tinea capitis

Studieöversikt

Status

Har inte rekryterat ännu

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljerad beskrivning

Clinical types of tinea capitis include : scaly type (characterized by fine scaling and circular alopecia), black dot (characterized by non-inflammatory patches with broken-off, swollen hair stubs), tinea agminate (patchy alopecia with scattered pustules or low-grade folliculitis), kerion (painful, boggy, inflammatory masses with alopecia, often confused with bacterial abscess) and favus (scutula, mousy odor) . Tinea incognito (steroid modified tinea) refers to dermatophytosis that has lost their usual clinical appearance due to the use of steroids.

The main clinical feature of dermatophyte scalp infections is the appearance of scaling of the scalp skin, which is associated with a variable degree of inflammation and itching . In some cases, the infection closely resembles seborrheic dermatitis or dandruff of the scalp. A pathognomonic feature is hair loss; hair often breaks a few millimeters or more above the skin surface. Broken or infected hairs are also slightly swollen and have a dull appearance .

Trichoscopy is a non-invasive and very useful technique for the diagnosis and follow-up of hair and scalp disorders. The presence of certain trichoscopic features allows accurate identifying of tinea capitis. In tinea capitis, specific signs can be seen like comma hair, corkscrew hair, bar code-like hair and zigzag hair . In tinea incognito trichoscopic finding include erythema, scaling, bent hair, Morse code hair, and micropustules .

Mycological examination was first performed using Potassium Hydroxide(KOH) to confirm the diagnosis of tinea capitis where the patients with positive KOH were considered to have endothrix when observing arthroconidia inside the hair shaft and ectothrix when observing arthroconidia outside the hair shaft. The fungal culture also done to accurately recognize the organism through inoculation of samples on Sabouraud medium agar (SDA) with and without chloramphenicol(nonspecific medium) . And Dermasel medium agar act as specific medium.

The increase in antifungal resistance has recently been observed worldwide and resistant strains of the dermatophytes T. rubrum and T. indotineae have spread globally, causing outbreaks of extensive, difficult to treat infections , so we need rapid and reliable diagnostic tools that provide clues regarding the causative organisms.

Studietyp

Observationell

Inskrivning (Beräknad)

100

Kontakter och platser

Det här avsnittet innehåller kontaktuppgifter för dem som genomför studien och information om var denna studie genomförs.

Studiekontakt

Studera Kontakt Backup

  • Namn: Walaa Hemdan Abu Alhassan, Demonstrator

Studieorter

  • Egypten
      • Sohag, Egypten
        • Faculty of Medicine , Sohag university
        • Kontakt:
        • Kontakt:
          • Walaa Hemdan

Deltagandekriterier

Forskare letar efter personer som passar en viss beskrivning, så kallade behörighetskriterier. Några exempel på dessa kriterier är en persons allmänna hälsotillstånd eller tidigare behandlingar.

Urvalskriterier

Åldrar som är berättigade till studier

  • Barn
  • Vuxen

Tar emot friska volontärer

Nej

Testmetod

Icke-sannolikhetsprov

Studera befolkning

The study will be conducted at the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic in Sohag University Hospitals.

Study population: The study population will be all patients with tinea capitis both male and female in childhood period, Aged 1-18 years old

Beskrivning

Inclusion Criteria:

- Both male and female in childhood period (1-18 years) with tinea capitis

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Topical or systemic antifungal medications one month prior to enrollment in the study
  • Presence of systemic disease, such as hepatic,renal, cardiac, autoimmune diseases, or malignancy

Studieplan

Det här avsnittet ger detaljer om studieplanen, inklusive hur studien är utformad och vad studien mäter.

Hur är studien utformad?

Designdetaljer

Kohorter och interventioner

Grupp / Kohort
Intervention / Behandling
patients with tinea capitis both male and female in childhood period
Diagnostiskt test: Dermoscopic examination: the findings are divided into pathognomic and non-specific signs
  1. Pathognomic signs: comma hairs, corkscrew hairs, Morse code like hairs and zig-zag hairs.
  2. Non-specific signs: black dots, broken hairs, perifollicular scaling and inter follicular erythema
Diagnostiskt test: Direct Microscopy (KOH) examination
  1. Suspected lesions will be swabbed with 70% ethyl alcohol then scalp scraping using the blunt edge of a sterile surgical blade
  2. Skin scales and crusts will be collected from the erythematous, peripheral, actively expanding edges of the lesions onto clean glass slides by scraping the inflamed lesions the scales will contain infected stumps of hair
  3. Hair will be removed with the root intact (hair cutting will be avoided)
  4. Specimen will be prepared by mounting the sample in (10-30%) of potassium hydroxide with 40% Dimethyle sulphoxide (DMSO) drops on the petri slide to soften the tissue, allowing a thin layer of cells to form.
Diagnostiskt test: Fungal culture:
Specimen will be cultured on sabouraud's dextrose agar (SDA) at 25 -30 c for 2 to 4 weeks and another specimen will be cultured on a Dermasel agar base (Oxoid, UK), both supplemented with chloramphenicol and cycloheximide , staining the fungal colonies by Lactophenol cotton blue to help the examination of colonial morphology and microscopic examination of the macro-conidia allow the identification of the dermatophyte species and suitable treatment
Diagnostiskt test: Antifungal sensitivity:
Antifungal susceptibility testing will be performed to determine the specific sensitivity profiles of the fungal isolates. Antifungal susceptibility testing will be performed using seven antifungal agents: Terbinafine, Itraconazole, Griseofulvin, Fluconazole, Ketoconazole, Vorioconole and Miconazole. Dermatophytes colonies will be probed from Dermasel agar cultures.

Vad mäter studien?

Primära resultatmått

Resultatmått
Åtgärdsbeskrivning
Tidsram
Percentage of participants presenting with specific clinical patterns of tinea capitis
Tidsram: At the time of initial clinical evaluation
Clinical evaluation will be performed to identify and classify the presentation of tinea capitis lesions (e.g., scaly patches, black dots, kerion, favus).
At the time of initial clinical evaluation
Percentage of participants exhibiting specific dermoscopic features of tinea capitis
Tidsram: At the time of initial dermoscopic evaluation
Dermoscopic examination using a handheld dermatoscope to identify characteristic signs including comma hairs, corkscrew hairs, broken hairs, and scaling.
At the time of initial dermoscopic evaluation
Prevalence of isolated fungal species among pediatric tinea capitis cases
Tidsram: At the time of initial sample collection and culture identification
Mycological evaluation including direct microscopic KOH preparation and fungal culture on agar media to isolate and identify the causative fungal pathogens.
At the time of initial sample collection and culture identification

Samarbetspartners och utredare

Det är här du hittar personer och organisationer som är involverade i denna studie.

Sponsor

Sohag University

Utredare

  • Studiestol: Mohammed Abu El Hamd Ali, Faculty of Medicine , Sohag university
  • Studiestol: Doaa Gaber Abdelbaset, Faculty of Medicine , Sohag university

Publikationer och användbara länkar

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Användbara länkar

Studieavstämningsdatum

Dessa datum spårar framstegen för inlämningar av studieposter och sammanfattande resultat till ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter och rapporterade resultat granskas av National Library of Medicine (NLM) för att säkerställa att de uppfyller specifika kvalitetskontrollstandarder innan de publiceras på den offentliga webbplatsen.

Studera stora datum

Studiestart (Beräknad)

20 september 2026

Primärt slutförande (Beräknad)

20 november 2026

Avslutad studie (Beräknad)

20 augusti 2027

Studieregistreringsdatum

Först inskickad

28 augusti 2026

Först inskickad som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

1 september 2026

Första postat (Faktisk)

3 september 2026

Uppdateringar av studier

Senaste uppdatering publicerad (Faktisk)

3 september 2026

Senaste inskickade uppdateringen som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

1 september 2026

Senast verifierad

1 september 2026

Mer information

Termer relaterade till denna studie

Nyckelord

Ytterligare relevanta MeSH-villkor

Andra studie-ID-nummer

  • Soh-Med-26-8-10MS

Plan för individuella deltagardata (IPD)

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NEJ

Läkemedels- och apparatinformation, studiedokument

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Nej

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