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Clinical, Dermoscopic, and Mycological Characteristics of Tinea Capitis in Children

1 september 2026 bijgewerkt door: Walaa Hemdan Aboelhasan, Sohag University

Clinical, Dermoscopic, and Mycological Characteristics of Tinea Capitis in Children: A Cross-sectional Study

Tinea capitis is a common dermatophyte infection of the scalp in children aged 0-9 years .The prevalence of tinea capitis in Egypt is 0.4% and higher in public than private schools, Boys were more affected than girls according to children by 5:1 ratio , It is more prevalent in those who live in urban areas, large families, low socioeconomic level, crowded living conditions and immunocompromised people . Tinea capitis is caused by dermatophyte fungi Trichophyton and Microsporum genera. These fungi are classified as: anthropophilic, zoophilic, and geophilic according to the route of infection. These fungi invade the hair shaft in two routes: ectothrix and endothrix . T.tonsurans and T.violaceum are reported to be the most common cause of tinea capitis

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Nog niet aan het werven

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

Clinical types of tinea capitis include : scaly type (characterized by fine scaling and circular alopecia), black dot (characterized by non-inflammatory patches with broken-off, swollen hair stubs), tinea agminate (patchy alopecia with scattered pustules or low-grade folliculitis), kerion (painful, boggy, inflammatory masses with alopecia, often confused with bacterial abscess) and favus (scutula, mousy odor) . Tinea incognito (steroid modified tinea) refers to dermatophytosis that has lost their usual clinical appearance due to the use of steroids.

The main clinical feature of dermatophyte scalp infections is the appearance of scaling of the scalp skin, which is associated with a variable degree of inflammation and itching . In some cases, the infection closely resembles seborrheic dermatitis or dandruff of the scalp. A pathognomonic feature is hair loss; hair often breaks a few millimeters or more above the skin surface. Broken or infected hairs are also slightly swollen and have a dull appearance .

Trichoscopy is a non-invasive and very useful technique for the diagnosis and follow-up of hair and scalp disorders. The presence of certain trichoscopic features allows accurate identifying of tinea capitis. In tinea capitis, specific signs can be seen like comma hair, corkscrew hair, bar code-like hair and zigzag hair . In tinea incognito trichoscopic finding include erythema, scaling, bent hair, Morse code hair, and micropustules .

Mycological examination was first performed using Potassium Hydroxide(KOH) to confirm the diagnosis of tinea capitis where the patients with positive KOH were considered to have endothrix when observing arthroconidia inside the hair shaft and ectothrix when observing arthroconidia outside the hair shaft. The fungal culture also done to accurately recognize the organism through inoculation of samples on Sabouraud medium agar (SDA) with and without chloramphenicol(nonspecific medium) . And Dermasel medium agar act as specific medium.

The increase in antifungal resistance has recently been observed worldwide and resistant strains of the dermatophytes T. rubrum and T. indotineae have spread globally, causing outbreaks of extensive, difficult to treat infections , so we need rapid and reliable diagnostic tools that provide clues regarding the causative organisms.

Studietype

Observationeel

Inschrijving (Geschat)

100

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studiecontact

Studie Contact Back-up

  • Naam: Walaa Hemdan Abu Alhassan, Demonstrator

Studie Locaties

  • Egypte
      • Sohag, Egypte
        • Faculty of Medicine , Sohag university
        • Contact:
        • Contact:
          • Walaa Hemdan

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

  • Kind
  • Volwassen

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Nee

Bemonsteringsmethode

Niet-waarschijnlijkheidssteekproef

Studie Bevolking

The study will be conducted at the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic in Sohag University Hospitals.

Study population: The study population will be all patients with tinea capitis both male and female in childhood period, Aged 1-18 years old

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

- Both male and female in childhood period (1-18 years) with tinea capitis

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Topical or systemic antifungal medications one month prior to enrollment in the study
  • Presence of systemic disease, such as hepatic,renal, cardiac, autoimmune diseases, or malignancy

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

Cohorten en interventies

Groep / Cohort
Interventie / Behandeling
patients with tinea capitis both male and female in childhood period
Diagnostische toets: Dermoscopic examination: the findings are divided into pathognomic and non-specific signs
  1. Pathognomic signs: comma hairs, corkscrew hairs, Morse code like hairs and zig-zag hairs.
  2. Non-specific signs: black dots, broken hairs, perifollicular scaling and inter follicular erythema
Diagnostische toets: Direct Microscopy (KOH) examination
  1. Suspected lesions will be swabbed with 70% ethyl alcohol then scalp scraping using the blunt edge of a sterile surgical blade
  2. Skin scales and crusts will be collected from the erythematous, peripheral, actively expanding edges of the lesions onto clean glass slides by scraping the inflamed lesions the scales will contain infected stumps of hair
  3. Hair will be removed with the root intact (hair cutting will be avoided)
  4. Specimen will be prepared by mounting the sample in (10-30%) of potassium hydroxide with 40% Dimethyle sulphoxide (DMSO) drops on the petri slide to soften the tissue, allowing a thin layer of cells to form.
Diagnostische toets: Fungal culture:
Specimen will be cultured on sabouraud's dextrose agar (SDA) at 25 -30 c for 2 to 4 weeks and another specimen will be cultured on a Dermasel agar base (Oxoid, UK), both supplemented with chloramphenicol and cycloheximide , staining the fungal colonies by Lactophenol cotton blue to help the examination of colonial morphology and microscopic examination of the macro-conidia allow the identification of the dermatophyte species and suitable treatment
Diagnostische toets: Antifungal sensitivity:
Antifungal susceptibility testing will be performed to determine the specific sensitivity profiles of the fungal isolates. Antifungal susceptibility testing will be performed using seven antifungal agents: Terbinafine, Itraconazole, Griseofulvin, Fluconazole, Ketoconazole, Vorioconole and Miconazole. Dermatophytes colonies will be probed from Dermasel agar cultures.

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Percentage of participants presenting with specific clinical patterns of tinea capitis
Tijdsspanne: At the time of initial clinical evaluation
Clinical evaluation will be performed to identify and classify the presentation of tinea capitis lesions (e.g., scaly patches, black dots, kerion, favus).
At the time of initial clinical evaluation
Percentage of participants exhibiting specific dermoscopic features of tinea capitis
Tijdsspanne: At the time of initial dermoscopic evaluation
Dermoscopic examination using a handheld dermatoscope to identify characteristic signs including comma hairs, corkscrew hairs, broken hairs, and scaling.
At the time of initial dermoscopic evaluation
Prevalence of isolated fungal species among pediatric tinea capitis cases
Tijdsspanne: At the time of initial sample collection and culture identification
Mycological evaluation including direct microscopic KOH preparation and fungal culture on agar media to isolate and identify the causative fungal pathogens.
At the time of initial sample collection and culture identification

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

Sohag University

Onderzoekers

  • Studie stoel: Mohammed Abu El Hamd Ali, Faculty of Medicine , Sohag university
  • Studie stoel: Doaa Gaber Abdelbaset, Faculty of Medicine , Sohag university

Publicaties en nuttige links

De persoon die verantwoordelijk is voor het invoeren van informatie over het onderzoek stelt deze publicaties vrijwillig ter beschikking. Dit kan gaan over alles wat met het onderzoek te maken heeft.

Nuttige links

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Geschat)

20 september 2026

Primaire voltooiing (Geschat)

20 november 2026

Studie voltooiing (Geschat)

20 augustus 2027

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

28 augustus 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

1 september 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

3 september 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

3 september 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

1 september 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 september 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Trefwoorden

Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • Soh-Med-26-8-10MS

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

NEE

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

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